INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi, Vokasional, dan Teknologi
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Design of an IoT-Based Automatic Switching and Monitoring System for Hybrid Power Plants
Full text linkHybrid power generation, a power plant that combines two or more plants, continues to grow along with technological advances. The performance of these power plants relies heavily on effective switching and monitoring systems. Monitoring data is critical in maintenance scheduling, preventive intervention, and the timely identification and assessment of environmental changes. One of the switching and monitoring technologies integrated with the Internet is the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This study introduces a system design capable of wirelessly performing switching operations and transmitting real-time data to a hybrid power plant monitoring system through an application. Test results demonstrate that the system successfully executes automatic switching between the hybrid power plant and the PLN electricity grid based on accumulator voltage thresholds. The monitoring data analysis reveals MAPE values of 2.959% and 3.577% for the voltage and current of the hybrid power plant, and a MAPE of 1% for the accumulator voltage. The voltage and load current readings also exhibit MAPEs of 0.604% and 8.625%. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that this device shows the ability of the system to automate the switching of resources to the load and monitor the hybrid power plant very well, with the smallest MAPE value achieved of 0.604%.Hybrid power generation, a power plant that combines two or more plants, continues to grow along with technological advances. The performance of these power plants relies heavily on effective switching and monitoring systems. Monitoring data is critical in maintenance scheduling, preventive intervention, and the timely identification and assessment of environmental changes. One of the switching and monitoring technologies integrated with the Internet is the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This study introduces a system design capable of wirelessly performing switching operations and transmitting real-time data to a hybrid power plant monitoring system through an application. Test results demonstrate that the system successfully executes automatic switching between the hybrid power plant and the PLN electricity grid based on accumulator voltage thresholds. The monitoring data analysis reveals MAPE values of 2.959% and 3.577% for the voltage and current of the hybrid power plant, and a MAPE of 1% for the accumulator voltage. The voltage and load current readings also exhibit MAPEs of 0.604% and 8.625%. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that this device shows the ability of the system to automate the switching of resources to the load and monitor the hybrid power plant very well, with the smallest MAPE value achieved of 0.604%
Impact of Variable Speed Drive Jobsheet Integrated with Project-Based Learning Model on Electric Motor Control Skills of Vocational Students
Full text linkThe problem in this study is that many students in the electrical power installation engineering (EPIE) class have not mastered the skills of electric motor control (EMC). This is because the teacher still uses traditional methods in the learning process. Namely, the teacher actively explains the material according to practical experience rather than referring to EMC learning objectives. This study aims to apply a variable speed drive (VSD) jobsheet based on project-based learning (PjBL) in the EMC learning process and measure the effectiveness of the jobsheet applied. The research method used was a pre-experiment with an intact group comparison research design. The research subjects were taken from 11th-grade students of vocational schools majoring in electrical power installation engineering and were assessed using a questionnaire instrument to evaluate students' EMC performance. Data analysis techniques used were independent t-test and effect size test. Based on the independent t-test analysis results, the t-value is larger than the t-table (t = 4.936 > 1.99962), and the significance value is 0.000, which shows a significant difference in skills between the experimental and control classes. Based on the effect size analysis, the value is 1.243, which means the jobsheet can improve students' EMC skills in the large category. Based on these two results, it is known that the PjBL-based VSD jobsheet is effective in the EMC learning process. Thus, it is expected that EPIE vocational high schools can use the PjBL-based VSD Jobsheet in the EMC learning process
Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Construction Management: A Systematic Literature Review
Full text linkArtificial Intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly being adopted in the construction industry in the current era. AI can be integrated with digital technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), and Smart Vision (SV). The integration of AI with digital technology has the potential to enhance efficiency, productivity, accuracy, and safety in construction project. This systematic literature review focuses on studying the implementation of AI in construction management, aiming to assess the current role of AI and anticipate future trends in the field. The findings of systematic literature review reveal that AI has been employed in construction projects for tasks such as estimation, resource management, improvement of workplace safety, material selection, structural analysis, and more. The advancements in digital technology, including the influence of 5G connectivity, have further augmented the sophistication of AI applications in the current era. The systematic literature review also delves into the study of machine learning and deep learning, both of which are pivotal in AI technology for executing predictive tasks, analyses, and automated decision-making. Despite the vast potential of AI, this review identifies various challenges associated with the technology, particularly concerning data security. Most existing studies focus on the limited application of AI in specific domains within the construction industry. To address this gap, this systematic literature review provides a comprehensive literature review on the broader perspective of AI application in construction management.Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly being adopted in the construction industry in the current era. AI can be integrated with digital technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), and Smart Vision (SV). The integration of AI with digital technology has the potential to enhance efficiency, productivity, accuracy, and safety in construction project. This systematic literature review focuses on studying the implementation of AI in construction management, aiming to assess the current role of AI and anticipate future trends in the field. The findings of systematic literature review reveal that AI has been employed in construction projects for tasks such as estimation, resource management, improvement of workplace safety, material selection, structural analysis, and more. The advancements in digital technology, including the influence of 5G connectivity, have further augmented the sophistication of AI applications in the current era. The systematic literature review also delves into the study of machine learning and deep learning, both of which are pivotal in AI technology for executing predictive tasks, analyses, and automated decision-making. Despite the vast potential of AI, this review identifies various challenges associated with the technology, particularly concerning data security. Most existing studies focus on the limited application of AI in specific domains within the construction industry. To address this gap, this systematic literature review provides a comprehensive literature review on the broader perspective of AI application in construction management
Embracing the Evaporative System in Air Conditioning Technology for Efficient Cooling Solutions
Full text linkThe use of an air conditioning system requires large amounts of electrical energy to carry out repeated vapor compression cycles. The use of an evaporative cooling system in this research is by spraying condensate water on the condenser, which is one solution to absorb condenser heat. Another thing that can be done is to reset the fan speed on the condenser to cool it. Resetting the fan speed on the condenser can also help improve AC performance and reduce electrical energy use. The test was carried out by modifying the 1 Pk R-410a AC split condenser by installing 6 nozzles, 2 rows of 3 columns and a DC pump to spray water on the condenser. The independent variables of this research are spraying position and fan speed. The result obtained from the research is an increase in COP by 35% and a reduction in electrical power usage by 15% by using additional water spray with a nozzle behind the condenser both when blowing the full blower and when the blower blowing speed is reduced by 75%. The use of evaporative systems in air conditioning technology is a promising solution to achieve sustainable and efficient cooling solutions.The use of an air conditioning system requires large amounts of electrical energy to carry out repeated vapor compression cycles. The use of an evaporative cooling system in this research is by spraying condensate water on the condenser, which is one solution to absorb condenser heat. Another thing that can be done is to reset the fan speed on the condenser to cool it. Resetting the fan speed on the condenser can also help improve AC performance and reduce electrical energy use. The test was carried out by modifying the 1 Pk R-410a AC split condenser by installing 6 nozzles, 2 rows of 3 columns and a DC pump to spray water on the condenser. The independent variables of this research are spraying position and fan speed. The result obtained from the research is an increase in COP by 35% and a reduction in electrical power usage by 15% by using additional water spray with a nozzle behind the condenser both when blowing the full blower and when the blower blowing speed is reduced by 75%. The use of evaporative systems in air conditioning technology is a promising solution to achieve sustainable and efficient cooling solutions
Recommendation of Heat Exchanger as Refrigerant Cooler through Mass Balance Calculation in LNG Plant Process
Full text linkThe liquefaction unit is a process unit for processing the desired product from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The purpose of this unit is to facilitate the transportation process with the help of refrigerants. The disadvantage of this unit is that the heat transfer is less than optimal. In addition, this study can also maximize the storage system because it can reduce the specific volume of gas up to 1/600 times to increase energy efficiency in the LNG Plant. The potential for various options to increase the efficiency of the liquefaction cycle is tried to be calculated in this study. The calculation method between the mass balance and energy balance obtained the results of the design calculation that the type 2-4 heat exchanger, Carbon steel material, area 1023, 35m2, Rd 0.001-hour ft2 °F / Btu can be concluded that the design of the heat exchanger is safe and recommended.The liquefaction unit is a process unit for processing the desired product from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The purpose of this unit is to facilitate the transportation process with the help of refrigerants. The disadvantage of this unit is that the heat transfer is less than optimal. In addition, this study can also maximize the storage system because it can reduce the specific volume of gas up to 1/600 times to increase energy efficiency in the LNG Plant. The potential for various options to increase the efficiency of the liquefaction cycle is tried to be calculated in this study. The calculation method between the mass balance and energy balance obtained the results of the design calculation that the type 2-4 heat exchanger, Carbon steel material, area 1023, 35m2, Rd 0.001-hour ft2 °F / Btu can be concluded that the design of the heat exchanger is safe and recommended
Implementation of Project Based Learning for Cognitive and Psychomotor Students in the Basic of Workshop Technology Course Welding Sub-competency in the Automotive Engineering Study Program
Full text linkThe higher education curriculum adopts project-based learning (PjBL) method that emphasizes the provision of knowledge with the problem solving in an organized work project within study group. This is such a solution for the problems of current conventional learning method implementation that made low enthusiasm and slow understanding student especially for Automotive Engineering student in having welding practice in The Basic Workshop Technology Course. By using experimental method in this research to compare conventional learning and PjBL method toward twenty Automotive Engineering students to evaluate cognitive and psychomotor aspect. On the steps, the lecturer starts with provides theoretical enrichment and end with welding practice. To find out the effect of implementing this project-based learning, lecturer divides the class in two study groups by differentiating learning methods, namely the group with conventional learning and the group with PjBL learning. Comparison is made between conventional learning and PjBL learning with projects processed by statistical interpretation. The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect on the results of the psychomotor evaluation of students, but not too significant for the cognitive evaluation results. Based on this research, there is a prove that PjBL is good enough to increase student’s abilities in welding practice as psychomotor representation increment. The higher education curriculum adopts project-based learning (PjBL) method that emphasizes the provision of knowledge with the problem solving in an organized work project within study group. This is such a solution for the problems of current conventional learning method implementation that made low enthusiasm and slow understanding student especially for Automotive Engineering student in having welding practice in The Basic Workshop Technology Course. By using experimental method in this research to compare conventional learning and PjBL method toward twenty Automotive Engineering students to evaluate cognitive and psychomotor aspect. On the steps, the lecturer starts with provides theoretical enrichment and end with welding practice. To find out the effect of implementing this project-based learning, lecturer divides the class in two study groups by differentiating learning methods, namely the group with conventional learning and the group with PjBL learning. Comparison is made between conventional learning and PjBL learning with projects processed by statistical interpretation. The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect on the results of the psychomotor evaluation of students, but not too significant for the cognitive evaluation results. Based on this research, there is a prove that PjBL is good enough to increase student’s abilities in welding practice as psychomotor representation increment. 
Performance Analysis of Hydrokinetic Turbine Using Shroud Ratio Comparison under Yaw Misalignment Condition
Full text linkThis research aims to analyze the performance of hydrokinetic turbines under yaw misalignment conditions using descriptive statistical methods on coefficient of power (Cp) data. Tests were conducted at water velocities of 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 m/s for three types of turbine shrouds consisting of turbines without shrouds, turbines with two different types of shrouds, at yaw angles from 0° to 25° with 5° intervals. The study concludes that the performance of each turbine type is significantly influenced by the combination of water flow velocity and yaw angle. The diffuser type has the highest Cp value at every yaw angle, but its performance decreases with increasing yaw angle. The Blade type has poorer performance compared to the diffuser at every yaw angle and has the best performance at a combination of 1.1 m/s velocity and 5° yaw angle. Meanwhile, the shroud type has more stable performance and is not greatly affected by variations in velocity and yaw angle. Based on the analysis of changes in average Cp values with changes in yaw angle at V 0.7 m/s, all three turbine types experienced an increase in Cp value at a yaw angle of 5, with the shroud experiencing the most significant increase. At V 0.9 m/s, the diffuser and shroud types were able to maintain their average Cp values at every yaw angle, while the blade type decreased with increasing yaw angle and experienced a significant decrease at a yaw angle of 25. At V 1.1 m/s, the diffuser and blade types experienced a decrease in performance with every increase in yaw angle, but the shroud type was able to maintain the same Cp value and even experienced a significant increase at a yaw angle of 5.This research aims to analyze the performance of hydrokinetic turbines under yaw misalignment conditions using descriptive statistical methods on coefficient of power (Cp) data. Tests were conducted at water velocities of 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 m/s for three types of turbine shrouds consisting of turbines without shrouds, turbines with two different types of shrouds, at yaw angles from 0° to 25° with 5° intervals. The study concludes that the performance of each turbine type is significantly influenced by the combination of water flow velocity and yaw angle. The diffuser type has the highest Cp value at every yaw angle, but its performance decreases with increasing yaw angle. The Blade type has poorer performance compared to the diffuser at every yaw angle and has the best performance at a combination of 1.1 m/s velocity and 5° yaw angle. Meanwhile, the shroud type has more stable performance and is not greatly affected by variations in velocity and yaw angle. Based on the analysis of changes in average Cp values with changes in yaw angle at V 0.7 m/s, all three turbine types experienced an increase in Cp value at a yaw angle of 5, with the shroud experiencing the most significant increase. At V 0.9 m/s, the diffuser and shroud types were able to maintain their average Cp values at every yaw angle, while the blade type decreased with increasing yaw angle and experienced a significant decrease at a yaw angle of 25. At V 1.1 m/s, the diffuser and blade types experienced a decrease in performance with every increase in yaw angle, but the shroud type was able to maintain the same Cp value and even experienced a significant increase at a yaw angle of 5
Problem-Based Learning as a Learning Innovation Strategy To Improve the Motivation and Learning Outcomes of Distance Learning
Full text linkDistance learning, which lasted long during the COVID-19 emergency, has led to student boredom in participating in the learning process. The impact is a decrease in learning outcomes, so innovative learning methods are needed to minimize this. This study will analyze the application of problem-based learning by considering learning outcomes and student motivation. The subjects of this study were 5th-semester Mechanical Engineering students. The design of this study used classroom action using the Kemmis and McTaggart models, which consisted of three steps: planning, acting and observing, reflecting, and carried out in two cycles. The research data was then analyzed quantitatively based on predetermined indicators. Based on this research study, it was found that learning outcomes data increased by 36% from cycle I to cycle II. The results of student learning motivation in Process I were 27.3% had high learning cycles, 63.7% had moderate learning cycles, and 9.9%. In cycle II, students' learning motivation increased from high, medium, and low, respectively, by 45%, 52%, and 3%. Based on the results of the analysis, this means that problem-based learning strategies improve learning outcomes and student learning motivation.Pembelajaran jarak jauh merupakan salah satu kebijakan pendidikan selama masa darurat COVID-19. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk menjaga proses pendidikan agar tidak berhenti meski dalam suasana pandemi. Namun, pembelajaran jarak jauh yang telah berlangsung cukup lama juga menimbulkan masalah. Kejenuhan peserta didik dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran akan berdampak pada penurunan hasil belajar, sehingga diperlukan metode pembelajaran yang inovatif untuk meminimalisir hal tersebut. salah satunya dengan menerapkan problem based learning. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis bagaimana menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan mempertimbangkan hasil dan motivasi belajar siswa. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan tindakan kelas menggunakan model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang terdiri dari tiga langkah, yaitu: merencanakan, bertindak dan mengamati, merefleksikan yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Data penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif berdasarkan indikator yang telah ditentukan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran jarak jauh dengan metode pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di masa pandemi COVID-19 dan meminimalisir kebosanan siswa yang menyebabkan rendahnya motivasi peserta didik. Data hasil belajar meningkat sebesar 36% dari siklus I ke siklus II. Hasil motivasi belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah 27,3% siswa yang memiliki siklus belajar tinggi, 63,7% memiliki siklus belajar sedang dan 9,9%. Pada siklus II, motivasi belajar siswa meningkat dari tinggi, sedang dan rendah masing-masing sebesar 45%, 52%, dan 3%
The Effectiveness of Using Continuous Variable Transmission (CVT) in 2WD Buggy Vehicles
Full text linkContinuous Variable Transmission (CVT) is a transmission system that does not have gears like in manual transmission cars or conventional automatic transmission cars. CVT has the advantage of being able to maintain the proper rotational speed at any time in terms of engine efficiency by changing the speed ratio flexibly and continuously. A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is a transmission that can change steplessly through an infinite effective gear ratio between maximum and minimum. This is in contrast to other mechanical transmissions which only allow a few different gear ratios to choose. The flexibility of the CVT allows the drive shaft to maintain a constant angular speed over the output speed range. Torque is transmitted from the drive to the pulley which is driven by friction acting between the belt and pulley surfaces. Tests were carried out using a dynotest to obtain wheel rotation data and the resulting torque. The loading is given from 3 kg, 5 kg, 7 kg and 8 kg, the engine rpm used is 5500 rpm, 6000 rpm, 6500 rpm, 7000 rpm and 8000 rpm. Rear wheel rotation is inversely proportional to the load, the greater the load the rotation will decrease. Load is directly proportional to torque, the greater the load given the torque will increase. The CVT system is still effective for use as a power successor. The power that can be transmitted is still greater than 50%, namely 68%.Continuous Variable Transmission (CVT) is a transmission system that does not have gears like in manual transmission cars or conventional automatic transmission cars. CVT has the advantage of being able to maintain the proper rotational speed at any time in terms of engine efficiency by changing the speed ratio flexibly and continuously. A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is a transmission that can change steplessly through an infinite effective gear ratio between maximum and minimum. This is in contrast to other mechanical transmissions which only allow a few different gear ratios to choose. The flexibility of the CVT allows the drive shaft to maintain a constant angular speed over the output speed range. Torque is transmitted from the drive to the pulley which is driven by friction acting between the belt and pulley surfaces. Tests were carried out using a dynotest to obtain wheel rotation data and the resulting torque. The loading is given from 3 kg, 5 kg, 7 kg and 8 kg, the engine rpm used is 5500 rpm, 6000 rpm, 6500 rpm, 7000 rpm and 8000 rpm. Rear wheel rotation is inversely proportional to the load, the greater the load the rotation will decrease. Load is directly proportional to torque, the greater the load given the torque will increase. The CVT system is still effective for use as a power successor. The power that can be transmitted is still greater than 50%, namely 68%
Analyzing the Validity of Project-Based Learning Implementation Plans in Light Vehicle maintenance: A Comprehensive Study
Full text linkImplementation of the developed Learning Implementation Plan (LIP) will result in the risk of learning not being in line with expectations if the validity of the product is not guaranteed. Thus, this research aims to investigate the validity of developing project-based lesson plans to improve effective learning outcomes. This research is research and development with a quantitative approach using the ADDIE model procedure. To obtain product validity results, the stages used are only in the development phase. The subjects in this research were 2 expert lecturers and 3 productive teachers with expertise in light vehicle engineering, and the instrument used was a feasibility questionnaire. The findings were that the project-based LIP that was developed had an average score of 88.7% in the valid category. This study concludes that it has succeeded in developing a product in the form of a valid and usable project-based lesson plan. Carrying out learning using lesson plans that are integrated with project-based learning can be an alternative to providing more meaningful learning and have a positive impact on student development.Implementation of the developed Learning Implementation Plan (LIP) will result in the risk of learning not being in line with expectations if the validity of the product is not guaranteed. Thus, this research aims to investigate the validity of developing project-based lesson plans to improve effective learning outcomes. This research is research and development with a quantitative approach using the ADDIE model procedure. To obtain product validity results, the stages used are only in the development phase. The subjects in this research were 2 expert lecturers and 3 productive teachers with expertise in light vehicle engineering, and the instrument used was a feasibility questionnaire. The findings were that the project-based LIP that was developed had an average score of 88.7% in the valid category. This study concludes that it has succeeded in developing a product in the form of a valid and usable project-based lesson plan. Carrying out learning using lesson plans that are integrated with project-based learning can be an alternative to providing more meaningful learning and have a positive impact on student development