INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi, Vokasional, dan Teknologi
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Improving Young Riders’ Situational Awareness Through Driving Simulation: A University-Based Study in Indonesia
No full textMotorcycle-related crash remain a major concern among university students in Indonesia. This study investigates situational awareness (SA) among novice motorcyclists at Universitas Andalas (UNAND) and evaluates the effectiveness of a simulation-based training intervention. Using the QUASA (Quantitative Analysis of Situational Awareness) method, baseline and post-training assessments were conducted to measure SA accuracy. The simulation module, developed using Unreal Engine and AI-assisted audio feedback, presented realistic traffic scenarios designed to enhance cognitive engagement. Findings indicate a substantial improvement in SA, with actual awareness scores increasing by approximately 30 percentage points post-intervention. Perceived accuracy also showed measurable gains. Despite a small simulation sample, results suggest that immersive training improves hazard perception and rider decision-making. These outcomes emphasize the value of technology-enhanced learning in addressing safety risks among young riders. Further research with control groups and larger samples is needed to generalize findings. Ethics clearance, data availability, and conflict of interest disclosures have been included.Motorcycle-related crash remain a major concern among university students in Indonesia. This study investigates situational awareness (SA) among novice motorcyclists at Universitas Andalas (UNAND) and evaluates the effectiveness of a simulation-based training intervention. Using the QUASA (Quantitative Analysis of Situational Awareness) method, baseline and post-training assessments were conducted to measure SA accuracy. The simulation module, developed using Unreal Engine and AI-assisted audio feedback, presented realistic traffic scenarios designed to enhance cognitive engagement. Findings indicate a substantial improvement in SA, with actual awareness scores increasing by approximately 30 percentage points post-intervention. Perceived accuracy also showed measurable gains. Despite a small simulation sample, results suggest that immersive training improves hazard perception and rider decision-making. These outcomes emphasize the value of technology-enhanced learning in addressing safety risks among young riders. Further research with control groups and larger samples is needed to generalize findings. Ethics clearance, data availability, and conflict of interest disclosures have been included
Analysis of Air Flow Characteristics on a Savonius Wind Turbine Next to a Building through CFD Simulation
No full textUrban environments pose significant challenges for wind energy utilization due to highly complex, non-uniform, and turbulence-dominated airflow around buildings. Although the Savonius vertical-axis turbine is capable of operating under such conditions, its performance remains highly sensitive to installation placement and configuration. This study conducts a two-dimensional CFD investigation to evaluate the aerodynamic behavior of two tandem-arranged Savonius turbines mounted adjacent to a wall. Two blade-orientation configurations are assessed: Configuration 1, where the returning blades face each other, and Configuration 2, where the advancing blades are adjacent. Transient simulations employing a validated CFD framework with the Realizable k-ε turbulence model are performed at a 7 m/s inflow velocity across a range of tip speed ratios. The results reveal pronounced wall–flow interactions characterized by flow deflection and blockage effects. Configuration 2 demonstrates superior aerodynamic performance, achieving a higher maximum power coefficient over a broader TSR range. This improvement is attributed to a favorable “nozzle effect” generated between the advancing blade of the front turbine and the wall, which accelerates the incoming flow toward the rear turbine and enhances its inflow conditions. In contrast, Configuration 1 exhibits stronger wake interference and more severe blockage, particularly at higher TSR values. Overall, the findings indicate that an adjacent advancing-blade arrangement optimizes aerodynamic interaction and energy extraction for wall-mounted tandem Savonius turbines, offering valuable insights for the design of small-scale urban wind energy systems.Urban environments pose significant challenges for wind energy utilization due to highly complex, non-uniform, and turbulence-dominated airflow around buildings. Although the Savonius vertical-axis turbine is capable of operating under such conditions, its performance remains highly sensitive to installation placement and configuration. This study conducts a two-dimensional CFD investigation to evaluate the aerodynamic behavior of two tandem-arranged Savonius turbines mounted adjacent to a wall. Two blade-orientation configurations are assessed: Configuration 1, where the returning blades face each other, and Configuration 2, where the advancing blades are adjacent. Transient simulations employing a validated CFD framework with the Realizable k-ε turbulence model are performed at a 7 m/s inflow velocity across a range of tip speed ratios. The results reveal pronounced wall–flow interactions characterized by flow deflection and blockage effects. Configuration 2 demonstrates superior aerodynamic performance, achieving a higher maximum power coefficient over a broader TSR range. This improvement is attributed to a favorable “nozzle effect” generated between the advancing blade of the front turbine and the wall, which accelerates the incoming flow toward the rear turbine and enhances its inflow conditions. In contrast, Configuration 1 exhibits stronger wake interference and more severe blockage, particularly at higher TSR values. Overall, the findings indicate that an adjacent advancing-blade arrangement optimizes aerodynamic interaction and energy extraction for wall-mounted tandem Savonius turbines, offering valuable insights for the design of small-scale urban wind energy systems
Utilizing Path Analysis to Examine the Influence of Internship Experiences and Work Information Mastery on VHS Students’ Work Readiness
No full textThis research investigates how internship experience and work information mastery influence vocational students’ work readiness, with work motivation acting as a mediating factor. The research population comprises all twelfth-grade students majoring in Mechanical Engineering at a Vocational High School in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, totaling 310 individuals. The maximum sample of 170 students was determined using Issac & Michael’s formula. The sample was selected through purposive sampling techniques, and data were collected using questionnaires, tests, and documentation. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to summarize the characteristics of each variable, while hypothesis testing was conducted using path analysis in an ex-post facto research design. The results indicate that the proposed research model satisfies both validity and reliability tests, thus validating the suitability of the model. The findings reveal: (1) a significant indirect effect between internship experience and work readiness mediated by work motivation (t = 3.787, sig. 0.000), and (2) a significant indirect effect of work information mastery and work readiness through work motivation (t = 2.907, sig. 0.003). The results of the study indicate that internship experience and mastery of information through work motivation influence students' job readiness. The implication of this research is that schools need to increase collaboration with industry and strengthen the role of teachers, parents, and the Community Empowerment Agency (BKK) in providing information and guidance about the world of work, so that vocational high school graduates are better prepared and more easily accepted into the workforce.This research investigates how internship experience and work information mastery influence vocational students’ work readiness, with work motivation acting as a mediating factor. The research population comprises all twelfth-grade students majoring in Mechanical Engineering at a Vocational High School in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, totaling 310 individuals. The maximum sample of 170 students was determined using Issac & Michael’s formula. The sample was selected through purposive sampling techniques, and data were collected using questionnaires, tests, and documentation. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to summarize the characteristics of each variable, while hypothesis testing was conducted using path analysis in an ex-post facto research design. The results indicate that the proposed research model satisfies both validity and reliability tests, thus validating the suitability of the model. The findings reveal: (1) a significant indirect effect between internship experience and work readiness mediated by work motivation (t = 3.787, sig. 0.000), and (2) a significant indirect effect of work information mastery and work readiness through work motivation (t = 2.907, sig. 0.003). The results of the study indicate that internship experience and mastery of information through work motivation influence students' job readiness. The implication of this research is that schools need to increase collaboration with industry and strengthen the role of teachers, parents, and the Community Empowerment Agency (BKK) in providing information and guidance about the world of work, so that vocational high school graduates are better prepared and more easily accepted into the workforce
Vocational Education Implementation in Mechanical Integrity: SKID Tank Testing and Occupational Safety Standards
No full textThis study assessed the operational feasibility of a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel used for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage at PT. XYZ in Yogyakarta. The evaluation included data collection, visual inspection, thickness measurement, and the calculation of the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) following the ASME Section VIII Division I - UG-27 standard. Results indicated that the vessel’s actual shell thickness of 14.8 mm exceeded the minimum required thickness of 14.66 mm, and the head thickness of 16.4 mm was above the required 14.57 mm, confirming structural adequacy. The calculated MAWP for the cylindrical shell was 1.78 MPa (18.14 Kg/cm²) and 1.99 MPa (20.29 Kg/cm²) for the ellipsoidal head—both higher than the design pressure of 1.765 MPa (18 Kg/cm²). Additionally, hydrostatic testing at 23.40 Kg/cm² (about 30% above the design pressure) showed no leakage or deformation, validating the vessel’s mechanical integrity. Additionally, the unit complied with Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) dan pressure vessel design regulations, ensuring its safety for continued use. This research underscores the importance of vocational education in technical engineering, particularly in pressure vessel testing and adherence to safety standards. By integrating comprehensive training, professionals are better equipped to ensure the structural integrity and safe operation of pressure vessels in industrial settings. The study provides essential insights into maintaining safety and operational efficiency in pressure vessel applications.This study assessed the operational feasibility of a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel used for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage at PT. XYZ in Yogyakarta. The evaluation included data collection, visual inspection, thickness measurement, and the calculation of the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) following the ASME Section VIII Division I - UG-27 standard. Results indicated that the vessel’s actual shell thickness of 14.8 mm exceeded the minimum required thickness of 14.66 mm, and the head thickness of 16.4 mm was above the required 14.57 mm, confirming structural adequacy. The calculated MAWP for the cylindrical shell was 1.78 MPa (18.14 Kg/cm²) and 1.99 MPa (20.29 Kg/cm²) for the ellipsoidal head—both higher than the design pressure of 1.765 MPa (18 Kg/cm²). Additionally, hydrostatic testing at 23.40 Kg/cm² (about 30% above the design pressure) showed no leakage or deformation, validating the vessel’s mechanical integrity. Additionally, the unit complied with Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) dan pressure vessel design regulations, ensuring its safety for continued use. This research underscores the importance of vocational education in technical engineering, particularly in pressure vessel testing and adherence to safety standards. By integrating comprehensive training, professionals are better equipped to ensure the structural integrity and safe operation of pressure vessels in industrial settings. The study provides essential insights into maintaining safety and operational efficiency in pressure vessel applications
Comparative Assessment of Deterministic and Probabilistic Load Flow Under Solar Irradiance Variability in PV-Integrated Distribution Networks
No full textThe increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) generation in modern distribution networks introduces considerable uncertainty due to the inherently fluctuating nature of solar irradiance. These fluctuations directly affect PV output power, resulting in significant variations in bus voltages, feeder currents, and power losses. Traditional deterministic load flow (DLF) analysis, which assumes fixed PV generation, is unable to capture this stochastic behavior and therefore may lead to inaccurate estimation of system conditions. This study presents a comparative assessment between deterministic load flow using the Backward–Forward Sweep (BFS) method and probabilistic load flow (PLF) based on Hong’s Two-Point Estimate Method (PEM) to evaluate the impact of solar irradiance variability on the performance of PV-integrated distribution networks. Solar irradiance data are statistically characterized to obtain the mean and variance, which are then propagated into PV output power through a linear irradiance–power conversion model. The IEEE 34-bus radial distribution system is used as the test network, with multiple PV units installed at selected buses. The results show that deterministic analysis underestimates voltage deviations and fails to capture the range of power losses induced by PV uncertainty. In particular, the deterministic BFS solution yields a single operating point with real and reactive losses of 0.1582 MW and 0.0479 MVar, whereas the probabilistic 2PEM produces mean losses of 0.105 MW and 0.031 MVar with standard deviations of 0.057 MW and 0.016 MVar, respectively. In contrast to the fixed deterministic voltage curve, probabilistic voltage profiles form a bounded envelope around it, indicating non-negligible downstream voltage variability driven by irradiance fluctuations. Overall, the findings confirm that solar irradiance variability substantially influences distribution system performance, and incorporating probabilistic assessment is essential for more realistic, risk-informed planning and operation of PV-integrated distribution systems.The increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) generation in modern distribution networks introduces considerable uncertainty due to the inherently fluctuating nature of solar irradiance. These fluctuations directly affect PV output power, resulting in significant variations in bus voltages, feeder currents, and power losses. Traditional deterministic load flow (DLF) analysis, which assumes fixed PV generation, is unable to capture this stochastic behavior and therefore may lead to inaccurate estimation of system conditions. This study presents a comparative assessment between deterministic load flow using the Backward–Forward Sweep (BFS) method and probabilistic load flow (PLF) based on Hong’s Two-Point Estimate Method (PEM) to evaluate the impact of solar irradiance variability on the performance of PV-integrated distribution networks. Solar irradiance data are statistically characterized to obtain the mean and variance, which are then propagated into PV output power through a linear irradiance–power conversion model. The IEEE 34-bus radial distribution system is used as the test network, with multiple PV units installed at selected buses. The results show that deterministic analysis underestimates voltage deviations and fails to capture the range of power losses induced by PV uncertainty. In particular, the deterministic BFS solution yields a single operating point with real and reactive losses of 0.1582 MW and 0.0479 MVar, whereas the probabilistic 2PEM produces mean losses of 0.105 MW and 0.031 MVar with standard deviations of 0.057 MW and 0.016 MVar, respectively. In contrast to the fixed deterministic voltage curve, probabilistic voltage profiles form a bounded envelope around it, indicating non-negligible downstream voltage variability driven by irradiance fluctuations. Overall, the findings confirm that solar irradiance variability substantially influences distribution system performance, and incorporating probabilistic assessment is essential for more realistic, risk-informed planning and operation of PV-integrated distribution systems
Application of Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS) Method in Validation of Traffic Management Risk Analysis Data in Large Cities in Indonesia
Full text linkThis study examines the application of the Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS) method in validating traffic management risk analysis data in the category of large cities in Indonesia. The RAPS method is used to test the consistency and reliability of data that is the basis for traffic management risk analysis, so that it can ensure the validity of the risk assessment results. Data validation is very crucial in traffic management risk analysis to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results that are the basis for decision making. In order for the implementation of traffic management to be in accordance with the goals and objectives, traffic management analysis is needed to minimize the risk of failure of the implementation. Traffic management risk analysis in this study uses the Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) method. The data used are based on the results of filling out questionnaires from respondents, in the form of an assessment of three components, namely severity, occurrence, and detection for four indicators (road capacity, side obstacles, traffic conflicts, and traffic signs/markings) which have sub-indicators of the existing negative impacts. The data were validated to see the consistency of the data provided by respondents using the RAPS method. The results of the validation test using the RAPS method show that the data from the assessment of three components for four indicators that have sub-indicators of negative impacts are valid. And the test results show that the RAPS method is effective in identifying consistent and inconsistent data, thereby improving the quality of risk analysis data validation. With better validation, traffic management risk analysis can be carried out more precisely and efficiently.This study examines the application of the Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS) method in validating traffic management risk analysis data in the category of large cities in Indonesia. The RAPS method is used to test the consistency and reliability of data that is the basis for traffic management risk analysis, so that it can ensure the validity of the risk assessment results. Data validation is very crucial in traffic management risk analysis to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results that are the basis for decision making. In order for the implementation of traffic management to be in accordance with the goals and objectives, traffic management analysis is needed to minimize the risk of failure of the implementation. Traffic management risk analysis in this study uses the Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) method. The data used are based on the results of filling out questionnaires from respondents, in the form of an assessment of three components, namely severity, occurrence, and detection for four indicators (road capacity, side obstacles, traffic conflicts, and traffic signs/markings) which have sub-indicators of the existing negative impacts. The data were validated to see the consistency of the data provided by respondents using the RAPS method. The results of the validation test using the RAPS method show that the data from the assessment of three components for four indicators that have sub-indicators of negative impacts are valid. And the test results show that the RAPS method is effective in identifying consistent and inconsistent data, thereby improving the quality of risk analysis data validation. With better validation, traffic management risk analysis can be carried out more precisely and efficiently
Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag Alloy for Body Absorbed Implant Applications
Full text linkImplants that can be absorbed by the body may be developed using alloy materials based on zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and silver (Ag). Zn-based alloys are known for their faster biodegradation rates, making them particularly suitable for biodegradable implant applications. The aim of this study is to determine the corrosion rate and hardness of Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy specimens, as well as to examine the effects of heat treatment and the addition of Fe and Ag elements. The research utilizes a direct experimental observation method to analyze the mechanical properties of the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy. The microstructural analysis reveals differences between pure Zn specimens and Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy specimens. In pure Zn, the largest grain size is observed in specimens without annealing treatment, while the smallest grain size is found in specimens annealed at 350°C. For the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy, the smallest grain size is observed in specimens annealed at 400°C, while the largest grain size appears in those annealed at 350°C. The addition of Fe and Ag to pure Zn significantly increases the hardness, with the hardness value rising from 33.77 HV (pure Zn) to 61.64 HV. In terms of corrosion, the highest corrosion rate in pure Zn was found in specimens without annealing. In contrast, the highest corrosion rate in the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy was observed in specimens annealed at 400°C. In conclusion, the addition of Fe and Ag elements, along with heat treatment, significantly affects the mechanical properties of the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy, improving both its hardness and influencing its corrosion behavior.Implants that can be absorbed by the body may be developed using alloy materials based on zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and silver (Ag). Zn-based alloys are known for their faster biodegradation rates, making them particularly suitable for biodegradable implant applications. The aim of this study is to determine the corrosion rate and hardness of Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy specimens, as well as to examine the effects of heat treatment and the addition of Fe and Ag elements. The research utilizes a direct experimental observation method to analyze the mechanical properties of the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy. The microstructural analysis reveals differences between pure Zn specimens and Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy specimens. In pure Zn, the largest grain size is observed in specimens without annealing treatment, while the smallest grain size is found in specimens annealed at 350°C. For the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy, the smallest grain size is observed in specimens annealed at 400°C, while the largest grain size appears in those annealed at 350°C. The addition of Fe and Ag to pure Zn significantly increases the hardness, with the hardness value rising from 33.77 HV (pure Zn) to 61.64 HV. In terms of corrosion, the highest corrosion rate in pure Zn was found in specimens without annealing. In contrast, the highest corrosion rate in the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy was observed in specimens annealed at 400°C. In conclusion, the addition of Fe and Ag elements, along with heat treatment, significantly affects the mechanical properties of the Zn-0.5Fe-0.5Ag alloy, improving both its hardness and influencing its corrosion behavior
Application of Polynomial Regression Method in Non-invasive Measurement of Blood Sugar, Cholesterol, and Non-invasive Uric Acid Based on IoT
Full text linkEarly disease avoidance depends much on health monitoring. However, the general examination methods still used today are invasive, namely, using a syringe to take blood samples. Many do not undergo routine examinations because this method is uncomfortable and expensive. In this study, the MAX30105 optical sensor is used as a non-invasive measuring device that can read the reflection of infrared light from the fingertip. After that, the second-order polynomial regression method is used to process the sensor data and determine the blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid levels. Using calibration data, this tool will change the reflected light signal into numbers for these three substances. The quantitative experimental method was conducted on 15 participants, The quantitative experimental method was carried out on 15 participants, the test results showed that blood sugar levels reached 91.50%, cholesterol levels reached 86.07%, and uric acid levels reached 89.33%. Real-time data transmission is carried out through the Adafruit IO platform, which was chosen for its accessibility and ease of integration. At the same time, a mobile application was developed using MIT App Inventor for user-friendly health data visualization. A preliminary Quality of Service (QoS) assessment showed an average data latency of 500–700 ms and a 97% transmission success rate via Wi-Fi. These results indicate that this device is reasonably practical and comfortable. However, several factors, such as skin thickness, finger position, and skin cleanliness, can affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, this tool cannot yet replace regular medical standards.Early disease avoidance depends much on health monitoring. However, the general examination methods still used today are invasive, namely, using a syringe to take blood samples. Many do not undergo routine examinations because this method is uncomfortable and expensive. In this study, the MAX30105 optical sensor is used as a non-invasive measuring device that can read the reflection of infrared light from the fingertip. After that, the second-order polynomial regression method is used to process the sensor data and determine the blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid levels. Using calibration data, this tool will change the reflected light signal into numbers for these three substances. The quantitative experimental method was conducted on 15 participants, The quantitative experimental method was carried out on 15 participants, the test results showed that blood sugar levels reached 91.50%, cholesterol levels reached 86.07%, and uric acid levels reached 89.33%. Real-time data transmission is carried out through the Adafruit IO platform, which was chosen for its accessibility and ease of integration. At the same time, a mobile application was developed using MIT App Inventor for user-friendly health data visualization. A preliminary Quality of Service (QoS) assessment showed an average data latency of 500–700 ms and a 97% transmission success rate via Wi-Fi. These results indicate that this device is reasonably practical and comfortable. However, several factors, such as skin thickness, finger position, and skin cleanliness, can affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, this tool cannot yet replace regular medical standards
Design and Development of a Web-Based Mosque Management Information System: A Case Study of Darul Amal Mosque
Full text linkMany mosques in Indonesia face challenges in managing their operational activities, such as construction donations, donations to orphans, funeral donations, and religious assemblies as well as other financial administration. Conventionally, the recording of these activities is still done manually through financial recording in books and socializing the information using loudspeakers or utilizing mosque bulletin boards. To overcome these limitations, this research proposes the development of a Web-based Mosque Management Information System that aims to improve operational efficiency, transparency, and accessibility. The system was developed by taking a case study at Darul Amal Mosque which is a mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The system was developed using PHP programming language and Laravel framework, with an online donation feature that allows donors to make donations without the need to be physically present. The research successfully developed a mosque management platform as expected. And it has been proven that a centralized and easily accessible online management process facilitates financial management, improves services to worshipers and donors, and provides better accountability in mosque operations.Many mosques in Indonesia face challenges in managing their operational activities, such as construction donations, donations to orphans, funeral donations, and religious assemblies as well as other financial administration. Conventionally, the recording of these activities is still done manually through financial recording in books and socializing the information using loudspeakers or utilizing mosque bulletin boards. To overcome these limitations, this research proposes the development of a Web-based Mosque Management Information System that aims to improve operational efficiency, transparency, and accessibility. The system was developed by taking a case study at Darul Amal Mosque which is a mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The system was developed using PHP programming language and Laravel framework, with an online donation feature that allows donors to make donations without the need to be physically present. The research successfully developed a mosque management platform as expected. And it has been proven that a centralized and easily accessible online management process facilitates financial management, improves services to worshipers and donors, and provides better accountability in mosque operations
Automatic Pre-Starting of Oil-Waste Fueled Stove Based on Microcontroller and HMI
Full text linkThe utilization of waste oil as an alternative cooking fuel is limited by its complex ignition process, which requires preheating to reduce viscosity and ensure stable combustion. Conventional methods, such as burning tissue paper, are unsafe, inefficient, and impractical, hindering broader adoption. This study presents the development of an automatic preheating system for waste oil stoves using an ESP32 microcontroller and HMI with TFT LCD display. The system integrates a thermocouple sensor for accurate real-time temperature monitoring and an automatic cut-off mechanism to halt fuel supply during ignition failure, and includes a buzzer for audible alarms during safety shutdowns to improving operational safety. The ignition sequence employs LPG as a preheater before automatically switching to waste oil at the optimal temperature, with programmed control of the blower, igniter, and valves. Experimental results showed thermocouple measurement accuracy with an average error of 4% and high reliability in fuel transition, except at low initial temperatures (31°C and 42°C) where insufficient heating time resulted in high viscosity and transition failure. The safety system effectively prevented hazards, while the HMI provided precise control and monitoring of actuators and combustion conditions. Overall, the proposed system enhances the safety, reliability, and practicality of waste oil stoves and demonstrates potential for industry innovation and renewable energy applications. Nevertheless, the system still requires LPG for the preheating stage and continuous electrical power, which can reduce effectiveness and make it harder to use in mobile or areas without electricity.The utilization of waste oil as an alternative cooking fuel is limited by its complex ignition process, which requires preheating to reduce viscosity and ensure stable combustion. Conventional methods, such as burning tissue paper, are unsafe, inefficient, and impractical, hindering broader adoption. This study presents the development of an automatic preheating system for waste oil stoves using an ESP32 microcontroller and HMI with TFT LCD display. The system integrates a thermocouple sensor for accurate real-time temperature monitoring and an automatic cut-off mechanism to halt fuel supply during ignition failure, and includes a buzzer for audible alarms during safety shutdowns to improving operational safety. The ignition sequence employs LPG as a preheater before automatically switching to waste oil at the optimal temperature, with programmed control of the blower, igniter, and valves. Experimental results showed thermocouple measurement accuracy with an average error of 4% and high reliability in fuel transition, except at low initial temperatures (31°C and 42°C) where insufficient heating time resulted in high viscosity and transition failure. The safety system effectively prevented hazards, while the HMI provided precise control and monitoring of actuators and combustion conditions. Overall, the proposed system enhances the safety, reliability, and practicality of waste oil stoves and demonstrates potential for industry innovation and renewable energy applications. Nevertheless, the system still requires LPG for the preheating stage and continuous electrical power, which can reduce effectiveness and make it harder to use in mobile or areas without electricity