INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi, Vokasional, dan Teknologi
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Modeling of Fault Alarm Monitoring System on IoT-Based Control Panel Alarm Annunciator
Full text linkThe existence of substation operators is essential for monitoring substation equipment and operating control rooms. In addition, substation operators also have other tasks, such as inspecting substation equipment in the switchyard or in-service inspection (Level 1 inspection). This condition is less than ideal because the operator cannot monitor the control room continuously while in the switchyard. The control panel at the substation is equipped with an alarm annunciator, which is auxiliary equipment that serves to provide warning signs to the operator regarding which protection functions are working. Therefore, it is necessary to have a monitoring system that can provide real-time information about the condition of the control panel alarm annunciator. This research models a fault alarm monitoring system that can provide notification messages according to the type of fault automatically through the Telegram application. The system test results show the average value of 100 test data on the five types of fault, resulting in an accuracy rate of 100%, a precision rate of 100%, a recall rate of 100%, an error rate of 0%, and an F1-score rate of 100%. This is because all test data on the five types of fault were detected correctly, and no test data from other types of fault was detected as the five types of fault. Based on these averages, it can be concluded that using a confusion matrix to measure the performance of the fault alarm monitoring system on the IoT-based control panel annunciator alarm shows excellent system performance results.The existence of substation operators is essential for monitoring substation equipment and operating control rooms. In addition, substation operators also have other tasks, such as inspecting substation equipment in the switchyard or in-service inspection (Level 1 inspection). This condition is less than ideal because the operator cannot monitor the control room continuously while in the switchyard. The control panel at the substation is equipped with an alarm annunciator, which is auxiliary equipment that serves to provide warning signs to the operator regarding which protection functions are working. Therefore, it is necessary to have a monitoring system that can provide real-time information about the condition of the control panel alarm annunciator. This research models a fault alarm monitoring system that can provide notification messages according to the type of fault automatically through the Telegram application. The system test results show the average value of 100 test data on the five types of fault, resulting in an accuracy rate of 100%, a precision rate of 100%, a recall rate of 100%, an error rate of 0%, and an F1-score rate of 100%. This is because all test data on the five types of fault were detected correctly, and no test data from other types of fault was detected as the five types of fault. Based on these averages, it can be concluded that using a confusion matrix to measure the performance of the fault alarm monitoring system on the IoT-based control panel annunciator alarm shows excellent system performance results
Exploring the Depths of Market Basket Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to Transaction Analysis with FP-Growth and Apriori Algorithms
Full text linkThis research investigates the role of data science in understanding customer behavior and enhancing sales, focusing specifically on the application of Apriori and FP-Growth Algorithms at a retail store, Deli Point, in Labuan Bajo. It illuminates the impact of 'rubbish data' on transactional data analysis, emphasizing the need for robust data cleaning procedures to ensure accurate results. Utilizing the faster FP-Growth Algorithm, the study effectively analyzed customer purchasing patterns to identify optimal product combinations for sales improvement. It discovered that 'parsley local' and 'mint flores' items had the highest support with a value of 0.036, indicating that strategic placement of these items together could enhance sales. The rule between chicken leg bone, orange sunkist, and chicken breast boneless was found to have a high confidence value and a lift value higher than 1, implying a higher potential for these items to be sold when positioned near each other. This study contributes to understanding consumer behavior and provides insights for enhancing sales and competitiveness in the retail industry. An association rule involving 'chicken leg bone’, 'orange sunkist', and 'chicken breast boneless' demonstrated high confidence and a lift value above one, suggesting significant sales potential when these items are grouped together. This study not only contributes valuable insights into retail consumer behavior and effective product placement strategies but also underscores the transformative role of data science in optimizing sales and boosting competitiveness in the retail sector.This research investigates the role of data science in understanding customer behavior and enhancing sales, focusing specifically on the application of Apriori and FP-Growth Algorithms at a retail store, Deli Point, in Labuan Bajo. It illuminates the impact of 'rubbish data' on transactional data analysis, emphasizing the need for robust data cleaning procedures to ensure accurate results. Utilizing the faster FP-Growth Algorithm, the study effectively analyzed customer purchasing patterns to identify optimal product combinations for sales improvement. It discovered that 'parsley local' and 'mint flores' items had the highest support with a value of 0.036, indicating that strategic placement of these items together could enhance sales. The rule between chicken leg bone, orange sunkist, and chicken breast boneless was found to have a high confidence value and a lift value higher than 1, implying a higher potential for these items to be sold when positioned near each other. This study contributes to understanding consumer behavior and provides insights for enhancing sales and competitiveness in the retail industry. An association rule involving 'chicken leg bone’, 'orange sunkist', and 'chicken breast boneless' demonstrated high confidence and a lift value above one, suggesting significant sales potential when these items are grouped together. This study not only contributes valuable insights into retail consumer behavior and effective product placement strategies but also underscores the transformative role of data science in optimizing sales and boosting competitiveness in the retail sector
Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Sail Design Performance on Sail-Assisted Ship; A Preliminary Study
Full text linkShips are a reliable means of transportation in an archipelagic country like Indonesia. The high use of fossil fuels in sea transportation is one of the contributors to emissions that needs attention apart from their dwindling availability. Efforts to use sails as an additional propulsion force on ships are one of the green technology issues in shipping for reducing the use of fossil fuels. It is about how the design affects the thrust on the ship. Tests were carried out on models M1, M2, and M3 in variations 0°, 30°, and 45° wind angles in computational fluid dynamic simulation at 12 knots constant speed. Through this article, there will be a discourse related to optimizing the design of the sail to produce energy efficiency and reduce the use of fossil fuels on ships. The shaped M3 makes greater thrust on the ships than the other two models. The tendency of a decrease in the thrust of the sails with an increase in the wind direction angle, the distribution of force in two directions, namely as normal and parallel to the sails, is suspected as the cause.Ships are a reliable means of transportation in an archipelagic country like Indonesia. The high use of fossil fuels in sea transportation is one of the contributors to emissions that needs attention apart from their dwindling availability. Efforts to use sails as an additional propulsion force on ships are one of the green technology issues in shipping for reducing the use of fossil fuels. It is about how the design affects the thrust on the ship. Tests were carried out on models M1, M2, and M3 in variations 0°, 30°, and 45° wind angles in computational fluid dynamic simulation at 12 knots constant speed. Through this article, there will be a discourse related to optimizing the design of the sail to produce energy efficiency and reduce the use of fossil fuels on ships. The shaped M3 makes greater thrust on the ships than the other two models. The tendency of a decrease in the thrust of the sails with an increase in the wind direction angle, the distribution of force in two directions, namely as normal and parallel to the sails, is suspected as the cause
Enhancing Vocational Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Society 5.0 with Flipbook and Augmented Reality Learning Media
Full text linkThe era of Society 5.0 demands that human resources possess critical thinking skills in response to rapid changes in the field of education, with Vocational High Schools (VHS) playing a central role in shaping students to be critical and creative. To achieve optimal results, further breakthroughs in the use of educational technology are needed, such as the implementation of Augmented Reality (AR)-based flipbooks in the vocational school environment. This study aims to evaluate the level of critical thinking skills among vocational school students. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental design with descriptive quantitative data analysis. This research was conducted with 64 tenth-grade students at a vocational school in Bandung. The instruments used to obtain data included critical thinking skills tests. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative analysis to evaluate the improvement of students' understanding and critical thinking skills. The research data was tested using normality test, homogeneity test, independent test, and N-Gain. Research data indicates that the use of AR-based flipbooks significantly enhances student comprehension, with an N-gain value of 0.6 observed in the experimental class. Consequently, it can be concluded that the implementation of AR-based flipbooks effectively improves students' critical thinking abilities in VHS, offering substantial promise for developing more interactive and efficient learning technologies for future education.The era of Society 5.0 demands that human resources possess critical thinking skills in response to rapid changes in the field of education, with Vocational High Schools (VHS) playing a central role in shaping students to be critical and creative. To achieve optimal results, further breakthroughs in the use of educational technology are needed, such as the implementation of Augmented Reality (AR)-based flipbooks in the vocational school environment. This study aims to evaluate the level of critical thinking skills among vocational school students. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental design with descriptive quantitative data analysis. This research was conducted with 64 tenth-grade students at a vocational school in Bandung. The instruments used to obtain data included critical thinking skills tests. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative analysis to evaluate the improvement of students' understanding and critical thinking skills. The research data was tested using normality test, homogeneity test, independent test, and N-Gain. Research data indicates that the use of AR-based flipbooks significantly enhances student comprehension, with an N-gain value of 0.6 observed in the experimental class. Consequently, it can be concluded that the implementation of AR-based flipbooks effectively improves students' critical thinking abilities in VHS, offering substantial promise for developing more interactive and efficient learning technologies for future education
Performance of Automatic Temperature Control System in Pyrolysis Reactor of LDPE Plastic Waste
Full text linkPyrolysis is a process of decomposing material at high temperatures without or with limited air and is an alternative waste treatment which is considered quite prospective to be developed. Plastic waste treatment as pyrolysis fuel, is strongly influenced by operating conditions, which consist of the thermal properties of plastics such as the LDPE type, which are still massively used in society. This research processes LDPE type plastic waste using technology fixed bed pyrolysis type batch reactor with a capacity of 0.01 m³ with initial heating from external heat of LPG energy source. The pyrolysis process takes in a closed reactor and the mass flow rate of the condensate flows naturally to the condenser for the condensation process to become pyro-oil product. Optimization of the reactor pyrolysis was carried out by adding insulated heat cover to reduce heat losses during the heating process. The addition of automatic temperature control to regulate the heating rate, makes operation control easier and reducing fluctuations in temperature distribution during pyrolysis process. The research was carried out with three operating temperature variations of 250, 275, and 300 °C using 0.8 kg LDPE plastic waste for batch test. The performance of automatic temperature control was observed using a digital thermometer and a comparison of the results before and after installation was carried out at a temperature of 300 °C. The results showed that heating temperature control which was previously done manually gives fluctuating results with a temperature difference of up to 50 °C. With the addition of an automatic temperature control system, the operating temperature during the pyrolysis process shows relatively lower fluctuations with a maximum difference of 20 °C. The initial heating energy consumption from LPG and the fuel consumption rate (FCR) show an increase along with the increase in the pyrolysis operating temperature setting.Pyrolysis is a process of decomposing material at high temperatures without or with limited air and is an alternative waste treatment which is considered quite prospective to be developed. Plastic waste treatment as pyrolysis fuel, is strongly influenced by operating conditions, which consist of the thermal properties of plastics such as the LDPE type, which are still massively used in society. This research processes LDPE type plastic waste using technology fixed bed pyrolysis type batch reactor with a capacity of 0.01 m³ with initial heating from external heat of LPG energy source. The pyrolysis process takes in a closed reactor and the mass flow rate of the condensate flows naturally to the condenser for the condensation process to become pyro-oil product. Optimization of the reactor pyrolysis was carried out by adding insulated heat cover to reduce heat losses during the heating process. The addition of automatic temperature control to regulate the heating rate, makes operation control easier and reducing fluctuations in temperature distribution during pyrolysis process. The research was carried out with three operating temperature variations of 250, 275, and 300 °C using 0.8 kg LDPE plastic waste for batch test. The performance of automatic temperature control was observed using a digital thermometer and a comparison of the results before and after installation was carried out at a temperature of 300 °C. The results showed that heating temperature control which was previously done manually gives fluctuating results with a temperature difference of up to 50 °C. With the addition of an automatic temperature control system, the operating temperature during the pyrolysis process shows relatively lower fluctuations with a maximum difference of 20 °C. The initial heating energy consumption from LPG and the fuel consumption rate (FCR) show an increase along with the increase in the pyrolysis operating temperature setting
A Study of Potato Peel Extract (Solanum Tuberosum L) as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor on Low Carbon Steel in a 3.5% NaCl Environment
Full text linkWide application in the oil and gas industry made carbon steel suffer annual losses due to corrosion. The corrosion protection utilizes inhibitor have drawbacks expensive and harmful to the environment. Potato peel extract (solanum tuberosum L) and its main constituents, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, have been investigated as a green corrosion inhibitor for low-carbon steel in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The inhibitor’s effectiveness and corrosion rate monitoring were measured using weight loss. Potentiodynamic polarization was used to investigate the type of corrosion inhibition and adsorption of plant extract on the surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to observe the presence of functional groups, natural compounds, and the type of bonding for adsorbed organic inhibitors on the surface. The results of the Tafel polarization analysis indicated that the potato peel extract acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of the inhibitor extract. The optimal inhibition efficiency of 73.33% is was achieved with 6 ml of potato peel extract and 216 hours of immersion time. The inhibitive effect is due to the adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the steel surface, following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.Wide application in the oil and gas industry made carbon steel suffer annual losses due to corrosion. The corrosion protection utilizes inhibitor have drawbacks expensive and harmful to the environment. Potato peel extract (solanum tuberosum L) and its main constituents, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, have been investigated as a green corrosion inhibitor for low-carbon steel in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The inhibitor’s effectiveness and corrosion rate monitoring were measured using weight loss. Potentiodynamic polarization was used to investigate the type of corrosion inhibition and adsorption of plant extract on the surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to observe the presence of functional groups, natural compounds, and the type of bonding for adsorbed organic inhibitors on the surface. The results of the Tafel polarization analysis indicated that the potato peel extract acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of the inhibitor extract. The optimal inhibition efficiency of 73.33% is was achieved with 6 ml of potato peel extract and 216 hours of immersion time. The inhibitive effect is due to the adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the steel surface, following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm
The Relevance of the Merdeka Curriculum Vocational School to the Competency Needs in the Construction Field in the Industry
Full text linkThe issue of curriculum relevance in vocational education is a crucial issue of all time. The relevance of the curriculum has two blades, whether it will be the biggest strength or even the biggest weakness in vocational education. Relevance will link the existing employment potential and the graduate's ability to fulfill the job requirements. This research aims to determine the relevance of the independent vocational school learning curriculum, especially in the field of construction, with the competencies needed in the world of work. This research uses a qualitative approach with participants being teachers in the field of study, especially construction and leaders/heads/managers in companies. Data collection was carried out through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The questions in the FGD consisted of open-ended questions to find out participants' answers in detail. The research results show that there is relevance between the Merdeka Curriculum and the needs of industry, especially in the building construction sector. Vocational school graduates generally have opportunities in small-scale construction industry services and efforts to increase relevance between schools and industry are to increase cooperation and increase teacher competence.The issue of curriculum relevance in vocational education is a crucial issue of all time. The relevance of the curriculum has two blades, whether it will be the biggest strength or even the biggest weakness in vocational education. Relevance will link the existing employment potential and the graduate's ability to fulfill the job requirements. This research aims to determine the relevance of the independent vocational school learning curriculum, especially in the field of construction, with the competencies needed in the world of work. This research uses a qualitative approach with participants being teachers in the field of study, especially construction and leaders/heads/managers in companies. Data collection was carried out through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The questions in the FGD consisted of open-ended questions to find out participants' answers in detail. The research results show that there is relevance between the Merdeka Curriculum and the needs of industry, especially in the building construction sector. Vocational school graduates generally have opportunities in small-scale construction industry services and efforts to increase relevance between schools and industry are to increase cooperation and increase teacher competence
Development of Foundation Engineering E-Module in Building Engineering Education Study Program, State University of Jakarta
Full text linkIn the period of the fourth industrial revolution, technology plays an essential role in learning. Educators are working to improve the quality of learning by producing creative and exciting technology-based teaching materials that raise students' interest and ease of learning. One instance of technology being utilized in education is e-modules. The aim of this research is to develop e-module teaching materials for foundation engineering courses. Research and development model from Thiagarajan or 4D is used in this research. The four stages that were employed in this research are define, design, develop, and disseminate. This research sample consists of media expert validators, material expert validators and user evaluations. Validation findings from material specialists received an average evaluation percentage of 86%, while validation results from media experts obtained an average assessment percentage of 81%. This demonstrates that the development of e-module-based teaching materials for foundation engineering very suitable for use. Meanwhile, user evaluations on the creating of e-module-based foundation engineering teaching materials were deemed extremely acceptable for usage (average 89.3%). Based on the results of limited trials conducted on Building Engineering Education Students, it shows that the learning results of students have increased by 16.6% through a mean score of 70 on the pretest and 82 on the posttest.In the period of the fourth industrial revolution, technology plays an essential role in learning. Educators are working to improve the quality of learning by producing creative and exciting technology-based teaching materials that raise students' interest and ease of learning. One instance of technology being utilized in education is e-modules. The aim of this research is to develop e-module teaching materials for foundation engineering courses. Research and development model from Thiagarajan or 4D is used in this research. The four stages that were employed in this research are define, design, develop, and disseminate. This research sample consists of media expert validators, material expert validators and user evaluations. Validation findings from material specialists received an average evaluation percentage of 86%, while validation results from media experts obtained an average assessment percentage of 81%. This demonstrates that the development of e-module-based teaching materials for foundation engineering very suitable for use. Meanwhile, user evaluations on the creating of e-module-based foundation engineering teaching materials were deemed extremely acceptable for usage (average 89.3%). Based on the results of limited trials conducted on Building Engineering Education Students, it shows that the learning results of students have increased by 16.6% through a mean score of 70 on the pretest and 82 on the posttest
Android Technology in Interactive Learning for Multimedia Animation Courses
Full text linkInteractive learning media is a tool used to deliver learning content by presenting concepts in an engaging manner that can stimulate interest and participation in learning activities to achieve objectives. This study aims to design interactive learning media for the multimedia animation course, making the learning media more varied and enabling students to learn independently. In designing this android-based interactive multimedia, the researcher used adobe flash with the multimedia development life cycle (MDLC) method, which consists of six stages: concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The design results in an android-based interactive multimedia application that provides learning and information about the multimedia animation course, including the semester learning plan for the multimedia animation course, teaching materials, practice questions, and multimedia videos. This product has been validated by two validators: a media expert validator and a material expert validator. The media validity assessment score by the media expert validator is 97% (valid), and the material validity assessment score by the material expert validator is 91% (valid), resulting in an overall average score of 0.94, which is considered valid and suitable for use. The practicality test of the developed learning media was conducted with multimedia lecturers, resulting in a score of 98% (very practical), and with Informatics Engineering Students at Ibn Sina University, specializing in multimedia, with 20 participants achieving a score of 90.77% (very practical). The overall average score is 94%, indicating that the media is very practical. Therefore, it can be concluded that the android-based learning media for the multimedia animation course at Ibn Sina University is highly valid and very practical.Interactive learning media is a tool used to deliver learning content by presenting concepts in an engaging manner that can stimulate interest and participation in learning activities to achieve objectives. This study aims to design interactive learning media for the multimedia animation course, making the learning media more varied and enabling students to learn independently. In designing this android-based interactive multimedia, the researcher used adobe flash with the multimedia development life cycle (MDLC) method, which consists of six stages: concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The design results in an android-based interactive multimedia application that provides learning and information about the multimedia animation course, including the semester learning plan for the multimedia animation course, teaching materials, practice questions, and multimedia videos. This product has been validated by two validators: a media expert validator and a material expert validator. The media validity assessment score by the media expert validator is 97% (valid), and the material validity assessment score by the material expert validator is 91% (valid), resulting in an overall average score of 0.94, which is considered valid and suitable for use. The practicality test of the developed learning media was conducted with multimedia lecturers, resulting in a score of 98% (very practical), and with Informatics Engineering Students at Ibn Sina University, specializing in multimedia, with 20 participants achieving a score of 90.77% (very practical). The overall average score is 94%, indicating that the media is very practical. Therefore, it can be concluded that the android-based learning media for the multimedia animation course at Ibn Sina University is highly valid and very practical
Secure Communication ECC-Based between IoT Device and Server
Full text linkThe rapid development of the IoT (Internet of Things) demands speed and security of communication between connected entities via the Internet. A suitable communication protocol for this communication in terms of speed optimization is MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). However, it has security limitations that make it vulnerable to third-party attacks. This research proposes an IoT communication system and server using the MQTT protocol and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) algorithms to secure communications. ECC efficiently uses computing resources and has a short key size compared to Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA), so it is suitable for mutual authentication. In addition, data encryption uses the 128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which has good security and computing efficiency. The study included testing the mutual authentication speed of ECC and RSA across different key sizes, demonstrating that ECC consistently outperformed RSA in execution time. This study also compared the speed of mutual authentication between ECC and RSA with key sizes of 256 and 3072 bits, respectively; ECC achieved an average speed of 117.33 ms, whereas RSA took 241.92 ms. Furthermore, this study was also tested for the level of security using ECC as a cryptographic algorithm. The system is tested for security by performing sniffing attacks, brute force attacks, replay attacks, and fingerprint matching accuracy by measuring the False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR). The most suitable threshold value is between 30 and 40 within an Equal Error Rate (ERR) between 20% and 30%. The overall testing results show that the system is time-efficient and resilient to attacks.The rapid development of the IoT (Internet of Things) demands speed and security of communication between connected entities via the Internet. A suitable communication protocol for this communication in terms of speed optimization is MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). However, it has security limitations that make it vulnerable to third-party attacks. This research proposes an IoT communication system and server using the MQTT protocol and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) algorithms to secure communications. ECC efficiently uses computing resources and has a short key size compared to Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA), so it is suitable for mutual authentication. In addition, data encryption uses the 128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which has good security and computing efficiency. The study included testing the mutual authentication speed of ECC and RSA across different key sizes, demonstrating that ECC consistently outperformed RSA in execution time. This study also compared the speed of mutual authentication between ECC and RSA with key sizes of 256 and 3072 bits, respectively; ECC achieved an average speed of 117.33 ms, whereas RSA took 241.92 ms. Furthermore, this study was also tested for the level of security using ECC as a cryptographic algorithm. The system is tested for security by performing sniffing attacks, brute force attacks, replay attacks, and fingerprint matching accuracy by measuring the False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR). The most suitable threshold value is between 30 and 40 within an Equal Error Rate (ERR) between 20% and 30%. The overall testing results show that the system is time-efficient and resilient to attacks