ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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EXERCISE SPECIFIC LOADING CONDITIONS AND MOVEMENTS OF SQUATS, LUNGES, GOODMORNINGS AND DEADLIFTS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to compare the joint kinematics and loading conditions acting on the knee, hip and lumbar spine during several strength exercises; Squats, Split Squats, Deadlifts and Goodmornings. Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using an optoelectronic system and force plates. Maximal range of motion and maximal external joint moment were calculated and examined. Using these findings, specific training programs can be prepared for athletes. Specifically, for prevention and rehabilitation of ACL injury, Goodmornings are preferentially suggested in order to shift the hamstrings-toquadriceps ratio towards the hamstrings
THE TAKEOFF PREPARATION AND TAKEOFF MOTIONS FOR ELITE MALE LONG JUMPERS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to identify biomechanical characteristics of takeoff preparation and takeoff motions for elite male long jumpers, classifying their motions by using cluster analysis. The takeoff preparation and takeoff motions of 29 elite male long jumpers in competition were videotaped. The 29 jumps were classified into 4 jumping types with respect to the takeoff angle by using Ward’s method of cluster analysis: horizontal (H-type), semi-horizontal (SH-type), semi-vertical (SV-type), and vertical type (V-type). The H-type and SH-type jumpers maintained a large horizontal CG velocity with the trunk leaning forward in the takeoff preparation. The V-type and SV-type jumpers obtained larger vertical CG velocity by pivoting the body over the takeoff foot during the takeoff phase
THE EFFECT OF PERFORMANCE LEVEL ON INITIAL BALL FLIGHT KINEMATICS IN ELITE AND PATHWAY WRIST-SPIN BOWLERS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to provide foundation knowledge for 3D ball kinematics for elite and pathway wrist-spin (WS) bowlers, enabling performance measures that discriminate between skill levels to be identified. Results indicated that elite bowlers deliver the ball with significantly higher velocity and spin axis azimuth angle and with a lower seam azimuth angle. These differences all have the potential to positively influence the flight characteristics, and as such can be used as performance measures to discriminate between skill levels of cricket spin bowlers
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 100 M RACE TIMES AND START, STROKE, TURN, FINISH PHASES AT THE FREESTYLE JAPANESE SWIMMERS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the race performance and elapsed time in each phase composing the race. The races of Japanese top 113 male and 117 female swimmers in the 100 m freestyle event were analysed. For analysis, races were divided into four phases: start, turn, finish, and first and second half of stroke phases. Statistically significant correlations between the total race time and the times of the four phases were obtained (
DO SWIMMERS ALWAYS PERFORM BETTER USING THEIR PREFERRED TECHNIQUE?
Get PDFThis study compared four underwater trajectories in order to determine if swimmers will always perform fastest using their preferred technique. Fourteen elite swimmers were asked to dive at three depths as well as their preferred dive. These conditions were labelled as Dive 1, Dive 2, Dive 3 and Preferred. The Wetplate Analysis System was used to collect all data before descriptive statistics were determined. Inter-trial variability on a group basis revealed little difference in variance between each dive type. Further individual analyses found that seven of the fourteen swimmers performed faster using a non-preferred technique. In contrast to other studies which have found that swimmers will favour their preferred start technique there is evidence in this study to suggest that elite swimmers are able to readily change their underwater trajectory
SPORTS RELATED INJURIES AND PREVENTION
Get PDFThe purpose of this applied session is to illustrate the importance of the collaboration between physicians (both sports doctors and/or orthopaedic surgeons) and biomecanichal researchers to improve the performance of our athletes while reducing sports related injuries
PROFILING INTERNATIONAL ‘SCHOOL – CLUB – INTERCOLLEGIATE – ELITE’ ROWING TECHNIQUE AND BOAT PERFORMANCES DURING TRAINING AND RACING
Get PDFRowing is a strength endurance sport - technical proficiency will ensure strength, endurance and other physiological capabilities are translated into maximising boat speed. Rower, blade, boat and water are in continual interaction during the rowing stroke and must be highly coordinated during its continuous, cyclic and ‘closed skill’ movement under changing external (wind, weather, temperature) and internal conditions (stroke frequencies, boat velocity, mutual influence in a team boat and progressive fatigue). For success in any level of competitive rowing, athletes must use their technical skills and entire performance capacity (e.g. physical, condition, coordination) to achieve and retain a high average boat velocity throughout the race (Mattes, 2012). Monitoring and analysing boat and athlete-specific aspects of rowing technique and performance during training and racing, is seen as an area of opportunity to assist coaches and athletes at any rowing level to monitor the progress (short/ long-term) during training and towards a well prepared race design
APPLIED SESSION: ELASTOGRAPHY FOR MUSCLE BIOMECHANICS
Get PDFThe purpose of this applied session is to demonstrate the potential of shear wave elastography for the study of muscle biomechanics using both real-time demo and recent results, with a special focus on sport applications (stretching, fatigue, pain, damage)
CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF MOVEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON\u27S DISEASE USING INERTIAL SENSORS
Get PDFGait impairment is a hallmark of Parkinson\u27s disease (PD). The assessment of gait and balance in the clinic may not adequately reflect mobility in daily life. It is often reported that patients with PD walk better when they are examined in an outpatient clinic or in a research laboratory than at home. Continuous monitoring of mobility during spontaneous daily activities may provide clinicians and patients with objective measures of the quality of their mobility. We show that continuous monitoring of spontaneous gait with wearable inertial sensors during daily activities is feasible for patients with PD. We tested 13 patients with PD and 8 healthy controls to evaluate the feasibility of using wearable inertial sensors at home for one week. The inertial system successfully detects walking bouts and provides sixteen objective measures that can characterize gait changes in patients with PD
EVALUATION OF RUNNING MECHANICS USING MOTION SENSOR FOR DISTANCE RUNNERS
Get PDFThe purpose of this presentation is to show three cases of standard test to evaluate running motion on a 400m track, presenting the relationship of 02 consumption with the running motion at a treadmill test, and running motion during a distance race, and to discuss the effectiveness of motion sensor as a tool for tralning and coachlng in runnlng. These studies show that it might be useful to evaluate running motion by comparing running parameters of standard test to real race. Furthermore, the evaluation has a possibility to give criteria for training and a prediction of the race performance to a runner and a coach