ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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EFFECTS OF FUNCTIONAL KNEE BRACE ON LOWER EXTREMITY MUSCLE ACTIVATIONS AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to analyze effects of functional knee brace on muscular activation of lower extremity for the ACLR athletes during single leg drop landing. Marker trajectories, ground reaction forces and EMG signals were collected and synchronized by Vicon Nexus software. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare muscle activations of ACLR athletes when wearing knee brace verses no knee brace, and the significance level was set at a = .05. The results showed that the GM, RF and BF muscle activation levels were significant increased when wearing knee brace than no knee brace at singleleg drop jump. Wearing knee brace for ACLR athletes can help to increase activation of knee flexors and help to stabilize knee joint during dynamic situation. We suggest that knee brace could help ACLR athlete to maintain better knee stability
Shoulder flexibility and strength in elite girl tennis players with and without history of shoulder pain
Get PDFThis study aimed at comparing the glenohumeral (GH) range of motion, and shoulder and scapular muscle strength in elite girl tennis players with (group HoSP; n=15) and without (group H; n=16) history of shoulder pain. The GH joint range of motion in internal (IROM) and external rotation (EROM), as well as the maximal isometric strength of eight shoulder and scapular muscles were bilaterally assessed in 31 girl players. The results showed an increased IROM in HoSP, suggesting a laxity, which may contribute to humeral translation motions in the glenoid cavity at critical tennis positions. The HoSP group also presented a weakness in serratus anterior muscle strength, which may create improper motions of the scapula during the tennis strokes. These findings suggested that stretching and strengthening rehabilitative programs may be specifically developed for the young girl athletes involved in an intensive overhead activity practice
THE EFFECTS OF AN EXERCISE INTERVENTION ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF AN ATHLETIC GROIN PAIN COHORT DURING THE LATERAL HURDLE HOP
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the kinematic and kinetic variables that may be of importance in the investigation of athletic groin pain (AGP). This was achieved by examining the 3D kinematics and kinetics of 70 AGP patients, recorded during a lateral hurdle hop, pre and post a successful exercise rehabilitation program. Results from the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score questionnaire demonstrated significant improvements in 5 out of the 6 subscales. Analysis of characterising phases was used to examine kinematic and kinetic changes. Multiple significant changes were identified in both angles at the pelvis, hip and thorax and moments at the hip. Findings of this study provide an insight into the kinematic and kinetic variables of importance in AGP
Biomechanical Strategies for Obstacle Crossing in Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency
Get PDFThe current study aimed to investigate the biomechanical control strategies in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency (ACLD) when crossing obstacles of different heights. Eighteen patients with unilateral ACLD and sixteen age-matched healthy controls were recruited. They crossed obstacles of heights of 10%, 20% and 30% of their leg lengths at a self-selected pace while the kinematic and kinetic data were measured and analyzed using inverse dynamics analysis. Patients with ACLD were found to avoid using the quadriceps on both affected and unaffected sides during stance phase. Training programs on both quadriceps are needed for more efficient rehabilitation of the patients with unilateral ACLD
REDUCING ACL INJURY RISK BY STANDING STILL WITH ZERO IMPACT PERCEPTUAL (ZIP) TRAINING!
Get PDFThis study assessed novel zero-impact perceptual (ZIP) training, in which there is cognitive but no physical workload, in reducing biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury. Tri-planar knee moments in amateur Australian rules footballers (n=16) were calculated during evasive sidestepping of 3D-projected opponents in 1-on-1, 2-on-2 and 3-on-3 game-based situations, pre and post intervention training. Video-only (VO) and Cueing (Q) training groups verbally evaded opponents in 8 sessions over 4 weeks. Cueing incorporated an additional task of counting visual cues within the scene. Training groups showed reductions in peak valgus and internal rotation moments, with greater reductions observed in Q training relative to controls. Results suggest that ZIP training can reduce ACL injury risk without impacting physical workload
ANALYSIS OF THE RELIABILITY OF TWO FORCE PLATFORMS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS COLLECTION OF KINETICS VARIABLES
Get PDFThe bilateral force asymmetry between lower-body limbs is seen as one of the major causes of injury and decreased performance in sport. The diagnosis can be done through many measuring methods, instruments and protocols. One of the most validated methods in literature is the vertical jump with countermovement performed on a force platform. Many studies show measurement protocols of jumps performed on a force platform where the jumps are carried out in a unipodial or bipodial manner and the data collection takes place in an alternated or sequential way. This study intends to assess the reliability of two force platforms measuring (maximum force and impulse) simultaneously. The results have indicated that the method used is reliable for the collection of the mentioned variables
EVALUATION OF BREAST SUPPORTS WITH DIFFERENT BRAS DURING JUMPLANDING MANEUVERS
Get PDFThis study attempted to evaluate kinematic of the breast with different breast support during jump-landing maneuvers. Twelve C cup female volleyball athletes were recruited in this study. Markers were attached to the subject’s nipples and trunk to calculate relative 3D breast kinematics data. The subject had to wear four kinds of bras (no bra, normal bra, fashion bra, and sport bra) to evaluation of breast support in the medio-lateral, anterioposterior, and vertical directions. Results of current study showed that the sports bra was effective in reducing the amplitude of breast displacement, velocity, acceleration, and comfort scale during jump-landing than no bra situation, everyday bra, and fashion bra. Future studies should be focus on analyzing different types of sports bras in order to identify 3D breast kinematics with different bras during jump-landing maneuvers
SHOT PERFORMANCE USING ANCHORED LONG PUTTING CLUBS
Get PDFThe study purpose was to measure putting outcome performance when different length putters were used with an anchoring mechanism. 72 skilled golfers each executed a total of 60 putts using standard, belly and long putters from two distances. Putting mechanics were assessed using SAM PuttLab™. From 1.83 m (6 ft) participants holed 80.3% of putts with a standard length putter, dropping to 78.6% and 75.3% for belly and longhandled putters. At 3.66 m (12 ft) participants holed 51.7% of putts with a standard length putter, and 50.8% and 46.9% for belly and long-handled putters. Shot performance showed no significant differences between clubs. There were significant (
EFFECT OF LOAD AND VARIOUS EQUIPMENT MODALITIES ON BACK SQUAT BIOMECHANICS IN ELITE POWERLIFTERS
Get PDFThis study compared back squat biomechanics in elite powerlifters under various equipment and intensity manipulations. Eleven elite powerlifters performed back squats in the following conditions: belt only (Raw), belt and elastic band attached to the bar (Band), and competition attire consisting of a belt, knee wraps, and squat suit (Equipped). In Raw lifts, back angle and hip moment at minimum upward velocity increased as intensity increased. Maximum hip moment at minimum upward velocity was greater in the Raw compared to the Band lift. Back angle, total hip moment at the bottom position, and total knee moment at the minimum upward velocity was greater in the Equipped compared to the Raw lifts. Overall, the Band condition was biomechanically similar to the Raw lifts. However, the Equipped condition displayed substantial biomechanical differences compared to the Raw condition
INSTANTANEOUS AND PROLONGED EFFECTS OF A TRIPLE DENSITY MIDSOLE DURING STANDING AND WALKING TASKS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine if there were any biomechanical differences between an unstable triple density midsole (TRIPLE) and a stable single density midsole (CONTROL). Twelve females completed 10 walking trials and three static trials followed by a two hour prolonged activity assessment during which participants alternated between standing and walking on a treadmill. Muscle activity, center of pressure, plantar forces and tissue oxygenation were measured for each footwear condition on two separate days. Standing in the TRIPLE condition resulted in better pressure distribution and lower peak forces, while walking in the TRIPLE condition resulted in greater tissue oxygenation. This midsole could be incorporated into other footwear where prolonged exposure to standing and walking tasks are the norm, such as work boots