ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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HIP JOINT LOAD AND MUSCLE STRESS IN SOCCER INSIDE PASSlNG
Get PDFStudies investigating the mechanisms of adductor injuries in soccer have concentrated on full effort kicks. Purpose of this study was a kinetic analysis of the inside pass. Using infrared cameras and inverse dynamics, hip joint moments and adductor muscle stress was calculated during the swing phase of the pass. Moments in the transverse plane were nearly as high as in full effort kicks reported previously. Muscle stress in the m. gracilis reached up to 450 kPa. Considering the repetitive nature of inside passes in modern sot; cer, adductor muscles undergo high loads in matches and training. This might contribute to the explanation of the high incidences of adductor injuries. Practitioners should therefore consider the load-recovery-relation even in inside pass training. Specific strength training programs for the adductor and abductor muscle groups should be developed
THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT STRIKE PAITERNS ON ENERGY CONTIBUTION DURING RUNNING
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the differences of joint power and work between forefoot strike (FFS) and rear-foot strike (RFS) during the stance phase of running. Methods: A 10-camera Vicon system and two force plates were used to collect the kinematics and kinetics data of 15 healthy male triathletes with different foot strike strategies during running. Results: The joint power and positive work at hip and ankle were increased in FFS during the stance phase. FFS also showed decreased knee negative work. Conclusion: Running with FFS would consume more energy than running with RFS at the same speed. The lack of ankle pint shock absorption in RFS might cause higher injury risk in knee
THE EFFECTS OF THE UPRIGHT BODY TYPE EXERSlZE PROGRAM ON FOOT PLANTAR PRESSURE OF ARCHERS
No full textThis study is aimed to analyze how the upright body type exercise program, a spine stabilization exercise program, increases in upper limbs motility control of archers and affects foot plantar pressure of archers by stabilizing h d y balance in order to prove the effectiveness of upright body type exercise, and, on this basis, provide a new effective and efficient training program. To determine how the 12-week(3 times a week) upright body type exercise program affected plantar pressure of archers, a total of I 0 archers-3 men and 7 women-in B Metropolitan City who had more than 10 years of career in archery were sampled. The upright body type exercise program had positive effects on static and dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure by allowing archers to experience less body sway and physical imbalance in shooting and with closed eyes. So the program is expected to help archers correct their posture, become psychologically stable, and make better performance
MOTION MATTERS! GEOFFREY DYSON LECTURE 2016
Get PDFBeing able to move effectively is fundamental to quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms of injury and risk factors, and introducing interventions to reduce inappropriate forces, are key to being a successful sports injury biomechanist. Applied research in rugby, rowing and other sports, where the gap between biomechanics research and practice has been bridged, is outlined. The use of sports technology developments to answer athlete focused and coach driven questions is described. Translation of biomechanics knowledge into Sportsmart and its derivative programmes has provided practical information for coaches and athletes, helped change attitudes and behaviours towards injury prevention and helped reduced injuries. Take home messages for biomechanists on why motion matters are provided based on my career and life experience learnings
DESIGN OF METAOATA SCHEMA FOR COLLECTING, UTILIZING AND PRESERVING BIOMECHANICAL DATA OF WINTER SPORTS EXPERIMENT
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to present metadata elements for managing biomechanical data of winter sports experiments and to establish an Integrated Data Management System with the presented metadata elements. To sort and select metadata elements, metadata crosswalk was done with four internationally used metadata schema; Dublin Core, OECD, DataCite, MODS. And a new metadata schema was designed with common elements from the crosswalk and the metadata elements drawn from general experimental designs and R&D portal. The schema was applied to a research data platform Datanest and the Integrated Management System for experimental data of winter sports was established
THE EFFECTS OF CONSTRAINING OPENSIM INVERSE KINEMATICS TO A BONE PIN MARKER DEFINED RANGE
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to apply bone pin kinematic constraints to an OpenSim model to determine differences in knee joint kinematics and kinetics beween the constrained and unconstrained solutions. In vivo data from healthy, anterior cruciate ligament deficient and reoonstructed patients completing a forward jump lunge were combined with bone pin data from a past study to redefine ranges that the knee degrees of freedom were constrained to. Differences between the constrained and unconstrained solutions existed for all participants at various points of the jump lunge movement, especially at the time of impact. Soft tissue artifact was most apparent in transverse plane translations. In conclusion, musculoskeletal modelling based solely on surface marker positions is inherently affected by soft tissue artifact and thus, results from these analyses should be interpreted with caution
A PERFORMANCE-RELATED FOOT LOADING CHARACTERS WHILE PERFORMING LUNGING STEP AMONG BADMINTON PLAYERS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the foot loading characteristics of badminton athletes and amateurs while performing the right-forward lunging step. Eight badminton male athletes and eight aged-matched college students participated the test in a stimulated badminton court. The Novel pedar insole plantar pressure measuring system was utilized to collect the right feet loading. As the results turn out, the peak pressure and force time integral of amateurs to the lateral reatfoot and lateral forefoot were obviously higher than that of badminton athletes, and athletes showed opposite plantar pressure distribution characteristics. This findings indicated the movement instability thus reducing performance of lunge, even reflect the ankle sprain risks of badminton amateurs
LENGTH OF SERIAL ELASTIC ELEMENT AND CONTRACT ELEMENT DURING VERTICAL JUMP: COMPARISON OF STATIC OPTIMIZATION AND DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to: (1) compare the length of serial elastic element, contract element estimated by two different optimizations, and (2) examine that whether those methods are able to evaluate the length of serial elastic element, contract element. One healthy male performed a vertical jump with the maximal effort from a squat position. The coordinate data and the ground reaction force were obtained with a 3D motion analysis system (250Hz) and force platform (10WHz). For a dynamic optimization, we developed muscle activation driven forward dynamics simulation model. As a result, the pattern of length of element estimated by the dynamic optimization was similar to the pattern reported by Kurokawa et al. (2001). On the other hand, the pattern of length of element estimated by the static optimization differed from the pattern reported by Kurokawa et al. (2001). This finding might be useful to clear the mechanics of human movements
HOW MULTILEVEL BIOMECHANICAL MODELLING CAN HELP UNDERSTANDING SPORT MOVEMENT AND DESIGNING SPORT EQUIPMENT
Get PDFAnalysing the complete influence of a sport equipment is highly difficult due to its multifactorial nature (covering physiology, biomechanics, motor control, and psychology). Indeed, changing the sport equipment can deeply modify the performance, in terms of absolute timing (lower running or cycling speed for example), by changing the way the musculoskeletal system is solicited or by favouring related-injuries. In this presentation, two points will be addressed. First, musculoskeletal modelling (EMGDriven model) will be used to understand how wearing a running shoe can affect the muscle and tendon behaviours during the activity. Second, a finite elements model of the shod foot driven by experimentally-estimated muscle forces will be presented. This model can be used to numerically simulate modifications of the running shoe characteristics and assess their influences over the strain and stress of the different structures of the foot. These points will cover both fundamental and applied aspects in sport sciences
SPRING JUMPERS VS POWER JUMPERS: ROLE OF THE ANKLE JOINT IN ELITE WUSHU PERFORMANCE AND INJURY RISK
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to characterize two jumping strategies observed in elite wushu athletes: power and spring jumping. Inverse dynamics analysis was conducted on 12 male wushu athletes performing squat jumps, drop jumps and wushu-specific acrobatic jumps. Ankle laxity and Achilles tendon elasticity were also measured. Spring jumpers showed lower ankle laxity and a bilinear evolution of overall ankle stiffness during the concentric phase of the stance, compared to power jumpers. They also showed higher peak valgus reaction moments at the knee joint. Tendon elasticity was similar between groups. As spring jumping strategy is more efficient in terms of energy expenditure and fatigue dependence, lower limb injury risk can be higher. Attention must be paid to athlete-specific jumping strategies for personalized conditioning and injury prevention