ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HITTING MOTION USING BATS HAVING DIFFERENT LENGTH AND MASS BUT EQUAL MOMENT OF INERTIA
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of hitting motion when using training bats with altered length and mass. Four different long bats (LB) and four different weight bats (WB) that had the equal moment of inertia (MOI) were manufactured based on a normal bat (NB; 0.84 m, 0.90 kg). Eleven male collegiate baseball players performed tee batting with maximal effort. The hitting motion was analyzed using a VICON (250 Hz) to collect nine reflective markers fixed on the body and bat. Results indicated that the angular displacement of the trunk twist tended to be larger in LB with increasing MOI. And it was remarkable in subjects with smaller angular displacement of trunk twist in NB. Thus, compared to WB, LB may contribute to a larger angular displacement of trunk twist, particularly in players with smaller angular displacement of trunk twist in NB
THE EFFECTS OF UNSTABLE EXERCISE TRAINING ON DYNAMIC BALANCE AND ABDOMINAL MUSCLE STRENGTH IN YOUNG FEMALE INDIVIDUALS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of unstable exercise training (UET) on dynamic balance (DB) and abdominal muscle strength in young female individuals. 22 healthy collegiate female students underwent a series of UET sessions. DB was evaluated by the 8-direction limits of stability (LOS) test. Abdominal strength was measured using 60s sit-up test. The UET combined the Both Sides Utilized (BOSU) and Swiss ball exercises, undertaken for 90mins, twice per week, for 6 weeks. The LOS performance in overall, forward, right, forward-left, backward-right, and backward-left at level 6 also significantly improved post-training. Further, significant improvements were observed in the 60s sit-up test. It is concluded that regular UET can improve DB and abdominal muscle strength in young female individuals
A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SQUASH SHOT ACCURACY
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the Hunt Squash Accuracy Test (HSAT) for predicting within-game performance on specific shot types. A correlation analysis compared the accuracy of specific shots during tournament match-play to the accuracy of the corresponding shot type in the HSAT. The correlation of the overall HSAT score against tournament rank was significantly large (0.95), as were the total % shot accuracy (0.90), total % backhand (BH) accuracy (0.94) and total % forehand (FH) accuracy (0.77) correlations. The only specific HSAT shot types with significantly large correlations to the corresponding match-play shots were; BH straight drive (0.92) and BH straight volley (0.97). The remaining shot types; boast, volley-drop and drops all showed non-significant correlations on both the BH and FH sides
DANCING AS A POTENTIAL INITIATOR OF EARLY HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS
Get PDFWe present a study carried out with professional female ballet dancers to better understand the potential factors leading to early hip osteoarthritis in this population. This research consisted in three study arms: a radiological examination, a clinical evaluation and a biomechanical analysis to provide a comprehensive assessment of the dancer’s hip. We concluded that the practice of dancing movements could cause a loss of hip joint congruence and recurrent superior/posterosuperior femoroacetabular impingements, which could lead to early degenerative lesions in the morphologically normal hip
SPRINT ACCELERATION BIOMECHANICS
Get PDFSprint start performance (SSP) is of prime importance in short sprint races. The purpose of this workshop was to present a method for the evaluation of SSP in a typical training environment. For this purpose, starting blocks, instrumented with 3D force sensors in the front and the rear block were utilized in combination with high-speed video cameras and light barriers. Performance related parameters could be extracted immediately from the captured force signals. Individual values were compared to a large reference database. Comparisons were made to reference values of athletes with similar sprint performance capacity. Optimisation potentials in technical and strength related aspects of SSP were highlighted for each start, based on the actual overall sprinting performance level of the athlete
TEACHING SPORT BIOMECHANICS IN JAPAN
Get PDFSport biomechanics programs conducted in the School of Health and Physical Education, University of Tsukuba, Japan are shown to share teaching experiences and discuss its outcomes, contents and managing of classes with our successful and failed examples. More importantly, we have to seek for effective ways to apply knowledge of sport biomechanics such as effective data feedback to teaching, coaching, training and rehabilitation, which would most attract students of physical education, heath and sport sciences
INTRODUCTORY BIOMECHANICS IN TAIWAN AND UNITED STATES
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper was to share the experience of teaching and learning biomechanics in the United States and Taiwan. The challenge of learning biomechanics for students appears to be somewhat similar in both countries yet the difficulties result from different factors. Factors affecting leaming outcomes can be separated into two major categories, instructor and students. The instructor is responsible for course materials and pedagogical approaches to deliver content. For students, there are different types of factors that impact their learning in biomechanics. This paper provides some approaches to promote the connection between instructor and students to further students\u27 learning. The intent is to fuel the continuing discussion of engaging students\u27 learning and application of biomechanics
AN ANALYSIS OF THE POSTACTIVATION POTENTIATION EFFECT OF THE PRIMARY GLUTEAL MUSCLES FOLLOWING HABITUALLY PRESCRIBED ACTIVATION AND COMDlT IONlNG EXERCISES
Get PDFThis study examined the effects of a high load gluteal activation protocol on counter movement jump (CMJ) performance and gluteal activation levels. Eight sprinters performed 5 CMJ\u27s prior to and subsequently after a gluteal activation protocol on two separate days. Height jumped (HJ), peak force (Forcewk), modified reactive strength index (RSId) and electromyographic gluteal activation levels were calculated on both days. Paired samples T tests found no significant differences for all reported variables on either day. This suggests that the gluteal activation protocol had no effect on CMJ performance. Future research should incorporate typical error analysis to investigate potentiation effects on an individual basis due to individual nature of the postactivation potentiation response and biological variability
CORRELATION BETWEEN THROWING MOTION AND MAXIMUM ELBOW VARUS TORQUE IN FEMALE PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL PITCHERS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between throwing motion and maximum elbow varus torque (MEV) in female professional baseball pitchers. Twelve pitchers without pre-existing pain were recruited. Ball velocity and pitching motion were measured. Ball velocity and, kinematic and kinetic data from each joint during the pitch were extracted to evaluate the correlation with MEV. There was no correlation between the fastest ball velocity and MEV. Sixteen kinematic and kinetic parameters were found to have significant correlations with MEV. Particularly, as trunk rotation angle to the non-throwing direction before lead foot contact (FC) increased, the MEV decreased. Rotating the trunk in the non-throwing direction before FC and immediately in the throwing direction after FC could be a key component of the throwing motion