ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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LOWER LIMB JOINT KlNETlCS IN THE BLOCK PHASE OF ATHLETIC SPRINTING: RELATIONSHIP WITH PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between internal and external kinetics in the block phase of athletic sprinting. Ten male sprinters (100 m PB 10.50 * 0.27 s) performed five to six maximal effort block starts. External force (10000 Hz) and 30 kinematics (250 Hz) were collected and internal kinetics at the ankle, knee and hip joint were calculated using inverse dynamics. Results indicated no significant associations between joint kinetic variables and block performance, although horizontal force production in the front and rear block was significantly related to kinetic data at the front knee and ankle, and rear hip and ankle, respectively. The present study expands current knowledge of force production in the block phase and highlights that no joint is independently able to significantly determine block performance
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DURATION TIME OF TURN AND THE THROWING RECORD IN THE MEN\u27S HAMMER THROW
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the duration time of turn and the throwing record. We analyzed the duration time of turn for the 116 men\u27s hammer throwers in the competitions. As a result, significant correlation was observed between the total time of turn and the throwing record (I=-0.83,
EFFECT OF JOINT TORQUE ON HORIZONTAL MOTION OF CENTER-OF-MASS DURING SWING ON GYMNASTIC RINGS
Get PDFTo perform a good swing on the rings in gymnastics, it is said to be important to keep the center-of-mass (COM) almost along the vertical line through the cable attachment point on the ring frame. However, the theoretical background of this empirical knowledge is not clear. In this study, we address a question whether a gymnast can always affect the horizontal motion of COM by the input of joint torque during swinging. Using a three-segment model in the sagittal plane, composed of a cables-rings segment, an arms segment, and a headneck- torso-legs segment (Sprigings et al., 1998), we analyse the relation between the shoulder torque and the COM motion. The results show that there exist a variety of configurations where the shoulder torque cannot affect the horizontal motion of COM
DIFFERENCES IN STROKE TECHNIQUE TO EXERT HAND PROPULSION BEWEEN ADVANCED AND INTERMEDIATE SWIMMERS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate differences in hand propulsion exerted by advanced and intermediate swimmers during insweep and upsweep phases in the front crawl stroke. Swimmers wore pressure sensors on their hands while performing the front crawl stroke in the swimming pool where a motion capture system was set up. The hand propulsive drag (PD) and lift (PL) were estimated during the two phases. The advanced swimmers exerted more PD than PL (70% vs 30%) during the insweep phase and used a similar amount of PD to PL in the upsweep phase. The intermediate swimmers used a similar amount of PD to PL in the insweep phase and exerted more PD than PL in the upsweep phase (65% vs 35%). The advanced swimmers used the different technique to exert hand propulsion in the two phases as compared to the intermediate ones
THE ACUTE EFFECT OF UPPER EXTREMITY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to probe the acute effect of the performance of upper extremity muscle groups after the plyometric training intervention. The participants were 13 healthy male college students. The force transducers (300kg, 200 Hz) and EMG sensor (1000 Hz) were taken to diagnose the acute effects of strength and muscle activation done by upper extremity pre and post plyometric training (load :24kg, 12 repetiiion times Iset, 3 set), and pair t-test was taken to test the significance(a=.05). The result showed that the strength after the upper extremity plyometric training intervention obviously had decreased 8% (
A TEMPORAL AND KINETIC COMPARISON OF THE KETTLEBELL SWING AND MAXIMAL VERTICAL JUMP
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to compare the temporal and kinetic characteristics of the kettlebell swing to those of the maximal vertical jump in an attempt to understand how the kettlebell swing could potentially enhance vertical jump performance from the kinetic perspective. Twenty-five recreational athletes completed five two handed kettlebell swings and 5 maximal vertical jumps while ground reaction force data was sampled at 1200 Hz using two force plates. Variables related to power such as time to peak rate of force development (RFD), peak RFD, and average RFD were smaller in the kettlebell swing than the vertical jump. The lack of similarity between the kettlebell swing and vertical jump indicates the kettlebell swing may not be an appropriate training method for eliciting improvements in vertical jump performance at the 20% body weight load examined in this study
A STUDY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN PELVIC ROTATION AND RUNNING PERFORMANCE FOR DESIGNING A RUNNING QUALITY INDEX
Get PDFToday, there are many people who enjoy jogging in a regular basis. Many of them uses wearable devices to log their running time, route, etc. To improve running performance, it is important to assess running qualitatively as well. However, these devices do not assess quality of running, and do not teach users what to change and how to change in order to improve quality of running. The purpose of this study is to present correlation between pelvic rotation and running performance, experimentally, and discuss how indices can be designed to assess quality of running. For the experiment, 60 student athletes participated and run 1500 meter for two times with an accelerometer and gyro meter sensor attached to their lower back. The result shows that there is a correlation between pelvic rotation and running performance. Followed by discussion for designing the indices of running quality
THE ROLE OF PELVIS AND THORAX ROTATION VELOCITY IN BASEBALL PITCHING
Get PDFThe objective of the present study was to examine the relative timing of pelvis and thorax rotations in achieving high throwing velocities in baseball pitching. During the preseason, a kinematic analysis was performed on eight pitchers. Peak angular velocities of the pelvis and thorax were determined and separation, defined as the time between the moments of maximal rotation velocity of the pelvis and thorax, was calculated. By themselves, maximal pelvis and thorax rotation velocity were not associated with throwing velocity. Separation was positively and significantly associated with throwing velocity. Results indicate that the relative timing of pelvis and thorax peak rotation velocity in pitching fastballs in baseball is a determinant of throwing velocity in skilled pitchers
EVALUATING ICE HOCKEY SPECIFIC ABILITY TESTS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate on and off ice testing for hockey players. Eighteen National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) level ice hockey players performed a series of on ice and off ice exercises, We compared the performance during these exercises to the plus minus scores for those players for the first half of their competitive season to identify which of those best correlate to performance on ice. The one ice sprints were performed as part of normal ice hockey practice. The off ice exercises were performed in the biomechanics and physiology laboratories at our university. Correlation analyses were performed to identify the extent to which the on ice and off ice drills were associated with on ice performance
EFFECTS OF THE EXTERNAL MUSCLE SYSTEM ON THE FUNCTION OF HAMSTRINGS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to develop a device which can simulate the function of the hamstrings and increase these muscles\u27 strength. By wearing it during daily training, one can train the hamstrings according to the specific needs of each sport event. Fifteen subjects were involved in the study and the external muscle system was examined by using EMG and kinetics methods. The results showed that there was an increasing trend in jumping performance and muscle co-contraction (pc less than 0.1) during running; There were significant differences (pc less than 0.05): in the first peak force between high loading and none and in the second peak force between low, medium, high loading and none. Thus we believe the system can be used in training sessions. By wearing the system during training, athletes can train muscles when performing movements unique to sport events