ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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LANDING WITH A SUPINATED ANKLE JOINT COULD INCITE AN INVERSION SPRAIN INJURY
Get PDFAnkle sprain injury mechanism has been recently analysed quantitatively. This study further investigated if a supinated ankle joint at landing is an aetiology of the injury. One inversion ankle sprain case from a previous study was selected, and the video sequences of two similar play movements performed by the same athlete without injury were collected and analysed by a model-based image-matching motion analysis method. The ankle joint orientations at the moment of landing in these three cases were compared. Results showed that the ankle joint was in a supination orientation with a combined 14 degrees inversion and 16 degrees plantarflexion at landing, while it was neutral in the inversion/eversion plane and dorsiflexed to 10-21 degrees in the non-injury cases. The supination ankle joint at landing was suggested to be the inciting event of the injury
EFFECTS OF WALKING SPEED AND AGE ON THE DIRECTIONAL STRIDE REGULARJRY AND GAIT VARIABILITY IN TREADMILL WALKING
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to assess the directional stride regularity (SR) and gait variability (GV) of data from shoe-type inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors during levelled treadmill walking. The DynaStabtm (IMU based gait analysis system) including Smart Balance\u27 (shoe-type data logger) was used to collect normal gait data from forty-four subjects in their 20s (n=20), 40s (n=13), and 60s (n=ll). Four different walking speeds (3, 4, 5, and 6 km/h, respectively) on a treadmill were applied for one-minute of continuous levelled walking. Only lateral kinematics (mediolateral acceleration and yawing and rolling angular velocities) revealed significant interactions from walking speed and age, demonstrating lower stride regularity and higher gait variability than the anteroposterior and vertical kinematics
THE SAGITTAL-PLANE LANDING BIOMECHANICS WITH MOVING FORWARD
No full textThe purpose of this study was to identify the difference of vertical ground reaction force and lower extremity and trunk kinematics in landing with moving forward. Ten healthy female subjects participated in this study. They performed four different single-leg landing tasks with dominant leg. The distances between 30 cm height box and force platform were set 0, 15, 30, 45 cm, respectively. A motion analysis system was used to obtain ground reaction force and the lower extremity and the trunk kinematics. There were significant differences in the only hip joint kinematics, such as the hip flexion angle at initial contact and the peak hip flexion angle during absorption phase of landing. Hip flexion angle showed the increase with the increase of forward moving distance. This result suggested that the landing with moving forward would change only hip joint kinematics
THE NOVEL BIOMECHANICAL MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR TUG-OF-WAR
Get PDFTug of war (TOW) is a kind of sport that has been accepted as one of the formal items in the Olympic game. Because of having well defined rule, the TOW has high potential to be extended to all over the world in the near future. To increase the possibility of success in the competition, athletes of the TOW should be subjected to a series of training courses. After experiencing certain training course, an athlete of TOW required to carry out pulling force test to evaluate his performance and consequently verify the effectiveness of the training course. In this study, a multi-purposes biomechanical measurement and analysis system is proposed in which various evaluations of the athlete performance. The idea of the proposed system is discussed and the associated theoretical methods are derived
Kinematics Characteristic of Lower Extremity during Simulated Skiing Exercise
Get PDFWe analyze the kinematic factors of sectional and total movements in healthy participants to providing group dependent information during simulated exercise. Participants in this study\u27s experiment were 26 male adults, the elapsed times in each phase, the difference in the lower extremity angles, and muscle activity were computed through analysis of kinematic factors. We revealed that motions of the experts took shorter to perform than non-experts, and showed larger variation of lower limb joint angle in most events during simulated skiing. There were also significant group dependent differences in the peak and mean EMG values during simulated skiing. Referring to these results, such a non-expert\u27s posture leads to enhance muscle activity to keep the lower body in balance. Non-experts should maintain appropriate ROM with lower-intensity exercise to improve muscle endurance initially, and it can be useful in providing preliminary data for future training and rehabilitation studies, as well as improvements in muscle strength
MARATHON STRIDE RATE DYNAMICS: A CASE STUDY
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate stride rate (SR) dynamics of a recreational runner participating in his debut marathon. Tibial accelerometry data obtained during a half marathon (R1) and marathon (R2) were utilised. SR data were extracted utilising novel computational methods and descriptive statistics were utilised for analysis of R2, and comparison of the first half of the marathon (R2half) to R1. Results indicate that the participant employed comparable SR strategy in R1 and R2half. For R2 a combined decreasing trend in SR and increased variance in SR from 30 km (R2 =0.0238) was observed. Results indicate that the participant had the ability to maintain SR strategy for the first half of the marathon, however as fatigue onset occurred this ability decreased. Running strategies on SR during fatigue may be of future use to recreational runners
BILATERAL CMJ ASSYMETRIES IN YOUNG MALE ATHLETES: A STUDY ACROSS DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS AND SPORTS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate bilateral countermovement jump asymmetries on a sample of 232 male student-athletes of 10 different sports, on a cross sectional approach over one year duration. Asymmetry in a number of force-related variables during the concentric and eccentric phases of a countermovement jump was defined as the absolute difference in performance between limbs expressed as a percentage of the total performance. Thresholds based on those asymmetries’ means plus standard deviations of the whole sample were set. Our study indicates that regardless of the sport, asymmetries defined in this way are more likely to occur in active boys from 13 to 15 years old
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN EXPERTS’ SCORING AND BIOMECHANICAL ASSESSMENT IN BALLET MOVEMENT
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between assessment of ballet movement by experts and biomechanical variables. Releve point movement was recorded by a video camcorder (Sony, Japan) for the expert assessment. Eight infrared cameras (Qualisys, Sweden) and two force plates (Kistler, Switzerland) were used for biomechanical analysis. A High reliability in score for flexibility and assistance among three judges was found. Based on the analysis of correlations, flexibility and ROM were positively correlated as the subject who performed wider motion at the ankle achieved higher sores in flexibility from the judges. Negative correlations were found between the judges’ scores in assistance and ankle joint power as well as their scores in balance and COP on the left side. Development of objective and reliable scoring standards in ballet based on the understanding of body movements supported by the verification of scientific method is needed
THE INFLUENCE OF DROP HEIGHT ON GROUND REACTION FORCES IN MOUNTAIN BIKING
Get PDFThis study examined ground reaction forces (GRFs) when landing from a drop-off in mountain biking. Eight male mountain bikers participated in this study. Participants rode up onto and across an adjustable wooden platform, performing three drop maneuvers at each vertical height of 29 cm, 48 cm, and 67 cm, simulating drop-offs in mountain biking. Peak vertical GRFs when landing from each drop was measured using 3 force platforms in the landing area. When examining the rear and front tire individually, peak vertical GRFs were significantly higher for the rear tire at each drop height. Additionally, significant increases in summed peak vertical GRFs occurred from the low to middle and middle to high dropoff. Therefore, this may support implications that mountain biking includes osteogenic stimuli that is beneficial to bone health
JOINT KINEMATIC ASYMMETRY BASED ON SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERN DEVIATION DURING AN INCREMENTAL TEST IN HIGH LEVEL CYCLING
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to use two asymmetry indexes from a kinematical point of view in professional cyclists during an incremental test to exhaustion. Twelve professional cyclists were evaluated during the French Cycling Federation’s protocol. Based on motion capture, asymmetry analysis was addressed by means of cross-correlation technique and a normalized symmetry index (NSI). Results pointed out that NSI could vary up to 18% throughout the pedaling cycle, with different behavior between upward and downward pedaling phases. Both methods exhibited low values of asymmetry especially for flexion/extension, but higher asymmetry values for other DOF. This study shows the complementarity of both NSI and cross-correlation methods. It enables to continuously evaluate changes during the crank cycle associated to skeletal movement