ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM TAICHI ON THE STABILITY OF THE ELDERLY DURING STAIR DESCENTS UNDER DIFFERENT ILLUMINATIONS
Get PDFThis study investigates the effectiveness of Tai Chi on the stability of the elderly during stair descents under illumination of 3 lx and 300 lx. A total of 30 healthy elderly who are aged between 65 and 70 years old are recruited as subjects. Two force plates and eight Vicon cameras were used to collect data. The results indicated that Tai Chi exercise may increase the lower limb strength of the elderly, the stair descent strategies was influenced by Intensity of illumination, it may increase the risk of fall during stair descent under lower Intensity of illumination
PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS OF THE 180°-TURN WITH THE BALL KINEMATICS IN YOUTH SOCCER PLAYERS
Get PDFThe interpretation of parameters extracted from sophisticated sport-specific techniques is not always straightforward. This is the case of the 180° change of direction with the ball in soccer. The 180°-turn performance of ten Under-13, sub-elite soccer players was recorded by means of a motion capture system. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to a set of 21 anthropometrics and kinematic variables including center of mass related quantities and joints range of motion. The first three principal components, explaining 61% of the overall variance, were retained and discussed. PCA unveiled the relevant structure of the dataset, describing both movement speed and amplitude issues, and the relationship between body size and the change of direction ability
RESEARCH ON LEARNING INTRODUCTORY BIOMECHANICSIMECHANICS
Get PDFMost students find mechanics and biomechanics concepts munterintuitive and difficult, and therefore have a negative perception of the subject. This paper reviews the research on learning biomechanical concepts, noting recent advances in standardized tests, identifying factors associated with learning, and strategies to increase learning. Active learning pedagogies typically double learning of mechanics and biomechanics concepts compared to traditional lecturellab instruction. The Scholarship of Teachlng and Learnlng (SoTL) literature in many sclences clearly supports use of active learning strategies, focusing on student engagement through personal and career interests, and emphasis on qualitative understanding of concepts. Biomechanics faculty can advance student interest in the field by continued faculty engagement and support of SoTL research
THE EFFECTS OF BALL CARRYING ON SPRINT MECHANICS: AN INSIGHT INTO THE TECHNICAL DEMANDS OF RUGBY
Get PDFSprinting ability is fundamental to success in rugby, Mere athletes are repetitively required to accelerate and occasionally reach maximal velocities while carrying a ball. Despite this, the mechanical influences of ball carrying are not understood. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of ball carrying technique on sprint performance and underlying mechanics. Sprint kinetics were collected with a radar gun on 16 male rugby athletes during three maximal 40-m sprints under three conditions: no ball, ball in two hands and ball in one hand. Carrying a ball in two hands produced similar mechanics to no ball over acceleration while carrying a ball in one hand had advantageous alterations at maximal velocity. A new sprint training protocol is proposed based on these findings
INSTEP SOCCER KICK TECHNIQUE AND PERFORMANCE THROUGH AN ANALYSIS OF MOVEMENT VARlABILlN
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the structure of movement variability (MV) for hit and missed instep kicks using the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis. University soccer players (n=1 1 ) performed a maximal instep kick at a target 11 metres (m) away. Hit and missed kicks were analysed using the UCM method. Dependent measures for UCM analysis were UCM variability measures and strength of synergy across six performance variables. Clear differences were noted between hit and missed kicks based on the UCM analysis. The UCM analysis provided a powerful tool for showing clear differences between hit and missed kicks and suggest that accurate kicking performance could be dependent on the structure of MV within the human motor system
MAGNITUDE OF MAXIMUM SHOULDER AND HIP ROLL ANGLES IN BACK CRAWL AT DIFFERENT SWIMMING SPEEDS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of maximum shoulder and hip roll angles in back crawl at different swimming speeds. Ten male elite swimmers performed back crawl at four different swimming speeds. The swimming trials were filmed by a total of six digital video cameras and three-dimensional coordinates of swimmer\u27s anatomical landmarks were calculated using the three-dimensional direct linear transform. The data were input to a MATLAB programme to calculate linear and angular kinematics. Among the four speed trials, maximum shoulder and hip roll angles were unchanged, and maximum shoulder roll angle was significantly larger than maximum hip roll angle in all trials. In conclusion, the swimming speed does not affect swimmer\u27s shoulder and hip roll angles in back crawl swimming
ANALYSING ROLES OF POSITION IN CURLING BASED ON SHOTSCORES
Get PDFThis paper reports on the analysis of the characteristics for each position based on shot-scores in curling. We computed average shot-scores for each position from 26 curling game information, and analyzed the correlation between the differences in average shot-scores and the differences in final game scores. The results show that strong correlations appeared for the position of the lead and the fourth, and weak correlations for the second and the third. It indicates that the roles of the lead and the fourth relate to game score directly, but the roles of the second and the third relate to the game progress. We were able to confirm the relationship between the score and each position of the target team
MEASUREMENT ACCURACY OF HEAD IMPACT MONITORING SENSOR IN SPORT
Get PDFHead injury and brain trauma exposure in sport have been recognized as potential contributors to long-term neurological disorders. As a result sensors have been proposed as an impact severity monitoring tool for on-field measurement of head accelerations. The purpose of this study was to characterize the accuracy of a head impact monitoring sensor system. Peak acceleration responses from a Smart lmpact Monitor (SIM) sensor were compared against reference sensors from a Hodgson-WSU headform. The headform with SIM was impacted for 7 impact conditions and 3 inbound energies. Moderate to strong positive correlations were found between the SIM and reference sensors for all impact conditions. At higher inbound energy the SIM overestimated, suggesting that under higher risk conditions the SIM represents a conservative tool in identifying dangerous impacts
Effects of Different Soccer Stud Configurations on Knee Kinematlcs and Shoe-Surface Traction of Sidestep Cutting Movement on Natural Grass
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to inwstigate the effect of different stud configuration on knee joint kinematics of sidestep cutting movement on natural grass. A total of 14 amateur soccer players participated in the tests. Participants were asked to complete tasks of 45" sidestep cutting at the speed of 5.0M+-2m/s on natural grass. They selected soccer s h m with firm ground design (FG), artificial ground design (AG) and turf cleats (TF) randomly. During 45" cut, peak knee flexion (p less than 0.001) and abduction angles (