ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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WEEKLY DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL QUADRICEPS STRENGTH PARAMETERS DURING HIGH-INTENSITY RESISTANCE TRAINING
Get PDFThe time course of muscular adaptation is unclear, especially for strength parameters measured by interpolated twitch technique, such as peak twitch torque, voluntary activation level and rate of toque development. Two male subjects participated in a longitudinal study over 11 weeks, with one pre-measurement, eight weeks of training and two weeks of detraining (rest). Resting twitch parameters decreased for both participants and only recovered to baseline level and above in the detraining phase. Voluntary quadricsps strength increased with training, with increasing activation level. The study shows the complexity of adaptation to intense strength training, being influenced by fatigue and individual factors and showing the need for a careful consideration of resistance training intensity in athletes prior to competition or scientific settings
EFFECTS OF 8-WEEKS WHOLE BODY VIBRATION TRAINING ON SOME MARKERS 06 TENNIS PERFORMANCE
Get PDFThe aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of Whole Body Vibration (WBV) training on some tennis performance parameters like International Tennis Numbr (ITN) scores, serve speed, reactive agility (with and without racket), 5171, 10m, 20m sprint and isokinetic strength values. 19 tennis players (training group: 9, control group: 10) participated in the research as volunteers. All the selectd parameters were measured before and after the training protocol. While control group was following regular tennis training, intervention group practiced WBV training for eight weeks (3 times a week, 1 level up for every fortnight, 15-20 mins per section). Consequently, it has been revealed that WBV training made an increase in selected performance parameters of athletes
NEUROMUSCULAR ACTIVATION DURING ROTATION AND PUSH-OFF PHASES OF BACKSTROKE TO BREASTSTROKE TURNING TECHNIQUES IN AGE-GROUP SWIMMERS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to assess and compare, through electromyography, the neuromuscular activation during the rotation and push-off phases of four backstroke to breaststroke swimming turns. Eight male swimmers volunteered in this study, comparing the open turn, the back flip turn and the crossover turn. The crossover turn was the one that most activated the studied muscle. Erector spinae (ES) and rectus abdominis (RA), as well as latissimus dorsi (LD) were the main activated muscles during rotation phase. Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and Tibialis anterior (TA) were mainly activated muscles during the explosive action of the push-off phase. These results provided better understanding about neuromuscular contributions during rotation and push-off of turning performance
KINEMATICS OF SIDE-FOOT BALL STOPPING TECHNIQUE IN SOCCER
Get PDFThe present study aimed to illustrate the kinematics of side-foot ball stopping in soccer. Eleven male university soccer players performed side-foot ball stops of an air ball fired from a machine from 10 m away. The ball stopping motion was captured using a 10- camera motion capture system sampling at 500 Hz. The changes of foot and ball linear velocities were computed just before, during and after ball contact. Six joint angular motions of the stopping leg were also calculated. The participants demonstrated a distinct draw back of the foot before ball contact after a gentle forward swing. A rapid knee external rotation was also initiated just after ball contacting, suggesting the knee was passively rotated externally. These kinematic aspects may represent significant motion features required for the side-foot ball stopping technique in soccer
ACTIVATION PATTERN OF TRUNK, THIGH AND LOWER LEG MUCLES DURING UNDERWATER DOLPHIN KICK IN SKILLED FEMALE SWIMMERS
Get PDFThis study investigated the muscle activation pattern between the agonist and the antagonist muscles in the trunk, thigh and lower leg during underwater dolphin kick. Thirteen female elite swimmers participated in this study and they performed 15 m underwater dolphin kick swimming at maximum effort. The surface electromyography (sEMG) of six muscles were measured and the muscle activation pattern between the agonist and antagonist muscles in the trunk, thigh and lower leg were estimated from the sEMG data. As results, the trunk and the thigh muscles showed a reciprocal activation pattern during one-kick cycle. However, the activation pattern of the lower leg muscles did not show a reciprocal pattern and it was clarified that the lower leg muscles were co-activated during the upward kick phase
RELATION OF KINEMATICS VARIABLES AND ACCURACY OF SHOOTING BY UPWARD LEAP FOR OMAN\u27S NATIONAL HANDBALL TEAM PLAYERS
Get PDFThe relations between kinematics variables and the accuracy of shooting by upward leap for players of Oman National Handball Team were investigated. Three digital JVC video cameras of 25 images per second were used to capture the two styles of shooting from jumping vertically with defense wall, and without defense wall on five players. APAS, MAXTRAQ system and KINOVEA software were used for motor analysis. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, regression and t-test were used to treat the data. A direct relation between the take-off angle and accuracy of shooting was found. Correlations between kinematics variations of the shooting skills of upward leap were also found. Significant differences between shooting with and without defense in favor of shooting without defense during the takeoff flight vertically were also determined
RESEARCH ON GENDER DIFFERENCES OF PREPARATIVE MOTION FOR TAKEOFF IN THE LONG JUMP
Get PDFThe purposes of this study were to compare the preparative motion between female and male long-jumpers whose records were approximately the same, and to obtain the characteristics of motion of female long-jumpers. The motion was the female athletes have a larger extension angles and angular velocities of the hip and knee joint in the preparative phase than the male athletes. This motion influences on a CG drop Midl is the most important role for the preparation for takeoff. Upper body motion of female athletes indicated a large tilting range of motion at the time of each foot touching down. In addition, these two motions led the deceleration of the approach velocity. Therefore, it is thought that to improve these two motions resulting in better results
GAME PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SOCCER GOALKEEPERS COMPARISON BETWEEN SAVING MOTION AND OTHER MOTIONS
No full textThe purposes of this study were to clarify the most important goalkeeper (GK) motion of the various motions, such as saving motion and other motions to evaluate the performance and to analyze the most important motion biomechanically. Data were obtained from 27 official games from 2014 Kanto University League and others. The novel findings in this study are summarized as follows: (1) the corresponding motion to the shot was the important motion in the performance of goalkeepers in comparison with other performances.(2) it is assumed that the saving motion with the preparatory motion should be analyzed preferentially for improvement of GK motion, (3) corresponding motion to the centering and throwing are the second and third most important motions for the GK next to the corresponding motion to the shot during a game
LEG AND VERTICAL STIFFNESS OF TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTEES USING RUNNING-SPECIFIC PROSTHESES
Get PDFSince running-specific prostheses (RSPs) emulate spring-like leg functions, human musculoskeletal system is often modelled as a spring-mass model. In the model, the leg (KM) and vertical stiffness (KM) is known to strongly influence running performance. The purpose of this study was to quantify the asymmetry in stiffness between the intact limbs and prosthetic limbs during sprinting. Eight sprinters with unilateral transfemoral amputation performed overground sprinting at maximum speed. & and Kw,t were calculated from vertical ground reaction force data in both the intact and prosthetic limbs. & was significantly greater in intact limbs than prosthetic limbs. Although there was no significant difference on Kvert, cohen\u27s d of Kvert between legs was 1.28. Therefore KM might have potential significant difference
FACTORS INFLUENCING VARIATION IN DIVE HEIGHT IN 1M SPRINGBOARD DIVING
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the factors contributing to variation in dive height in performing a 1m springboard dive. 15 performances of a forward dive pike by an international diver were recorded using high speed video (250 Hz) and were digitised manually. The relationships between variables at hurdle landing, during board contact and dive height were determined. Hip extension during board contact accounted for 77% of the variance in dive height