ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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LOWER LIMB KINEMATICS AND KINETICS AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY SURGERY DURING RUNNING - A CASE STUDY
No full textTo date orthopedist\u27s recommendations concerning high impact athvities after knee arthroplasty surgery such as running are rather based on conjectures than evidence based research. Hence this study aimed to investigate walking and running locomotion of a female total knee arthroplasty patient by means of an inverse dynamic approach. The results showed reduced knee adduction moments in the affected knee and a redistribution of generated energy to the detriment of the hip joint during running. The described results should be confirmed by further studies with larger cohorts. The primary purpose should be to provide profound information to patients after knee arthroplasty surgery regarding possibilities and limitations of high impact sports activities participation
THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF FUNCTIONAL AND DYNAMIC STABILITY OF THE 16-18 YEARS OLD BASKETBALL PLAYERS - A PILOT STUDY
Get PDFWe aimed to determine the interdependence between functional and dynamic stability of young basketball players. Nineteen, young basketball players took part in the experiment. They were tested with Y Balance TestTM for functional stability and with *Drift protocol" of the Optojump Next System for dynamic stability. The correlation analysis showed interdependencies between functional balance testing and dynamic performance. The Composite Reach Score is highly associated with individual leg jump power. Also there are significant dependencies between jumping stability in AP and ML planes and reach distances in specified directions. Other significant correlations indicate the need for conducting functional testing in parallel with dynamic trials in order to achieve wider picture of the athletes perforrnance
THE KINEMATICS OF HEAD IMPACTS IN CONTACT SPORT: AN INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF MODEL BASED IMAGE MATCHING
Get PDFModel Based Image Matching (MBIM) has potential to assess three-dimensional linear and rotational motion patterns from multiple camera views of head impact events in contact sports. The goal of this study is to assess the accuracy of the MBlM method for estimating 6DOF head kinematics in a vehicle-cadaver impact scenario for which Vicon motion analysis data are available as an independent measure. A three camera view MBlM reconstruction yielded RMS errors between 0.14-0.26 mls for change in head linear velocities ranging from 0.56-5.70 m/s, and 0.27-1.38 rad/s for change in head angular velocities ranging from 6.1041 -90 rad/s. The results from this study indicate that the MBlM method is a useful approach for measuring the kinematics of head impacts in sport
DETERMINING INITIAL KNEE JOlNT LOADiNG DURING A SINGLE LIMB DROP LANDING: REDUCING SOFT TISSUE ERRORS
Get PDFThis study examined the influence of modeling approaches on lower limb on transient knee joint moments during single leg landings. A typical GDoF joint model was compared to a constrained 3DoF model. For peak moments and rates of moment increases there was no difference between joint models. Earlier, and greater moments were obtained using data from a 3D-printed plate moulded to each individual\u27s tibia. Maintaining high frequencies in the dataset using the 3D-printed plate was important for determining initial joint loading and associated risk factors for sports injuries
A SIMPLE METHOD TO MEASURE EXTERNAL FORCE, POWER OUTPUT AND EFFECTIVENESS OF FORCE APPLICATION DURING SPRINT ACCELERATION
Get PDFThe aim of this applied session was to introduce and show a recently validated simple field method to determine individual force, velocity, power output properties and effectiveness of force application onto the ground during a sprint running acceleration. This method requires the use of a radar device (or several timing gates), and models the horizontal, vertical and resultant force an athlete develops over sprint acceleration using a macroscopic inverse dynamic approach. Low differences in comparison to force plate data support the validity of this simple method to determine force-velocity relationship and maximal power output, as well as the index of effectiveness of force application onto the ground. Its validity and ease of use make it an interesting tool for sprint training and performance optimization, in a specific field context of practice
HYDRODYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS AROUND MOVING BODIES
Get PDFThis applied session will proceed in the Pprime Institute of Poitiers. This Institute is a research unit whose topics are Physics and Mechanics of Materials, FluidThermal-Combustion, Mechanical Engineering and Complex Systems. These issues are addressed through experimentation, numerical simulation and theoretical modeling. Within this Institute are grouped two axes, RoBioSS and HydEE, which respectively investigate the biomechanics of sports and the hydrodynamics of flows. It is at the crossroads of these two teams that are located this applied session entitled "Hydrodynamic measurements around moving bodies". The objective of this session is to present kinematic and dynamic measuring tools to analyse the flow around a solid in motion, especially around the arms of swimmer, in front crawl
FROM MEASUREMENT TO MODELLING IN SPORT COLLISIONS
Get PDFUnderstanding the factors and the mechanism causing injury is one of the fundamental stages of the “sequence of prevention” of injury in sport (van Mechelen et al., 1992). Sports activities typically impose high and repetitive biomechanical demands on the neuro-musculo-skeletal system (e.g. Dufek & Bates, 1991; Trewartha et al., 2015), which research can try to capture and characterise. However, despite the progress of technologies and experimental methods, it is often impossible to directly measure the effects of specific sport events on the anatomical structures of the human body. In particular, the analysis of injury mechanisms in sports involving impacts (e.g. scrummaging and tackling in rugby, landing after a jump, or kicking in martial arts) needs to face a number of interdependent challenges, for which conventional approaches are not always adequate
ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION AND CRITERIA TO RETURN TO SPORTS AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION
No full textThe goal of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is for athletes to return to their previous level of athletic ability, which has been an indicator of treatment success for many surgeons. In many cases. an ACL injury results in a premature end to a career in sports. However, ongoing advances in graft selection, anatomical graft placement, and fixations have allowed athletes to more consistently return to sports (RTS) after surgery. The combined use of strong fixation and an appropriate rehabilitation program should restore the knee function and normally allow RTS. However, the ability to make RTS is determined by many factors, including postoperative knee function, proprimption and muscle strength, associated meniscal, cartilage, or ligament injury, social factors, and psychological issues, such as fear of re-injury and motivation. And Returning to previous level of sports more determined by differences in rehabilitation than by surgical procedure, fixation method, or type of graft
HOW BIOMECHANICAL IMPROVEMENTS IN RUNNING ECONOMY COULD HELP BREAK THE 2-HOUR MARATHON BARRIER
Get PDFA sub-2-hour marathon requires an average velocity that is "only" 2.5% faster than the current world record of 2:02:57. A 2.5% reduction in the metabolic cost of running would enable a 2.5% faster velocity of 5.86 mls, i.e. a sub-2-hour marathon. Our analyses suggest that the metabolic cost of body wei 9 ht support could be reduced by running at the equator (slightly lower gravity = 9.78 mls ) and by pre-emptive, strategic dehydration of 2% body weight. Drafting and tailwinds could reduce the cost of forward propulsion. These biomechanical factors could each be exploited to enhance running economy by small amounts, and sum to save at least 178 seconds, permitting a time of 1:59:59
OPTIMIZATION OF HANG-TIME TECHNIQUE FOR VOLLEYBALL SPIKE JUMPS
Get PDFIn a previous study, we found that hang-time can have potential benefits on athlete performance during volleyball spikes, but hang-time usually comes at a cost of decreased peak height. To address this loss in peak height, we tested whether the trajectories of the "non-performing segments" (legs and non-hitting arm) can be modified to maximize the performance of the hitting arm without affecting the hang-time (defined by vertical motion of the head and trunk). The purpose of this study was to present details of an optimizer to facilitate a wide range of future studies aimed at maximizing performance. Using optimization we predict that for males the peak height of the hitting arm and its sagittal plane velocity at its peak can be increased by 52k11 mm (