ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAXIMAL AND EXPLOSIVE VOLUNTARY MUSCULAR TORQUE AND THE RESPONSE TO UNEXPECTED PERTURBATIONS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between explosive toque of the plantar flexors and knee extensors and the centre of mass (COM) response to unexpected perturbations. 17 subjects were assessed for maximal and explosive isometric knee extension (KE) and plantar flexion (PF) toque and their response to unexpected anterior platform translations. The relationships between these measures were investigated using Pearson\u27s correlation coefficients. Explosive torque of KE at 25 and 50 ms and PF at 50 and 75 ms demonstrated significant negative correlations (r = -0.528 to -0.575, p < 0.05) with COM acceleration at 300 ms post perturbation. This suggests that the ability to produce torque rapidly could assist in reducing and reversing the imposed COM acceleration following an unexpected perturbation
ASSESSING THE KINEMATICS OF A NOVEL COLLISION SPORT SIMULATOR
Get PDFThe tackle is a common and dynamic phase of play in rugby union and other collision sports. It is necessary to study the tackle to characterise its various facets that include impact force, biological markers, and technical and skill-related requirements. Therefore, a novel collision sport simulator was &signed to replicate front-on tackle situations. This study describes the movement and velocity properties of the simulator relative to the force of pressure exerted by a pneumatic system. Future research using this simulator may guide the development of skill training/conditioning sessions and injury prevention programs
EFFECTS OF LEISURE SPORTS PARTICIPATION PERIOD ON BALANCE AND THE LOWER EXTREMITY ASYMMETRY
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the sports participation on balance measurements and lower extremity symmetry. Eighty healthy middle-aged adults (male 35, women 45) were participated in this study. COP related variables were selected for both double and single leg standing as center of pressure anterior posterior (COP-AP) and medial lateral (COP-ML) displacement, center of pressure mean velocity (COP-MV), center of pressure area (COP-Area), and the symmetry index (SI) of dominant and non-dominant leg. Only the COP-MV showed statistically difference for both double and single leg standing test. However, no significant differences were observed for single leg standing asymmetries. As a result, long term sports participation has positive effects on balance which can be helpful to prevent falls in middle-aged adults
DELAYED RECOVERY OF KNEE EXTENSION TORQUE FOLLOWING MAXIMAL ECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS MAY BE DUE TO CENTRAL FATIGUE
Get PDFThis study compared 1) The isometric strength, and 2) Peripheral and central fatigue assessed by resting twitch and voluntary activation, following maximal eccentric contractions of knee extensors in young men and women. Nine healthy participants performed 150 maximal eccentric contractions at 60 degls of the knee extensor muscles while on a dynamometer. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) were assessed before, immediately, 1 day, 2 days, and 14 days after the eccentric contractions. Electrical stimulation was applied over the skin of knee extensor muscles to elicit twitch torque responses during and immediately following each MVIC. The MVIC torque, rate of torque development (RTD), resting twitch torque (RT), voluntary activation (VA), and time to peak decreased from the baseline after the eccentric fatiguing contractions (P c 0.05). RT and time to peak increased and fully recovered after 1 day (P > 0.05; compared with baseline). However, MVIC, RTD, and VA increased during the recovery but did not fully recover after 14 days (P c 0.05; compared with baseline). These results suggest that the delayed recovery of toque production is mainly due to decrements in central nervous system
THE EFFECTS OF CORE STABILITY TRAINING ON DYNAMIC BALANCE IN HEALTHY YOUNG STUDENTS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of core stability training (CST) on dynamic balance in healthy young students. 24 healthy collegiate female students volunteered and underwent a series of CST exercise. Dynamic balance was evaluated by the 8-direction limits of stability (LOS) test. The CST combined the Pilates mat and Swiss ball exercise, ninety minutes, twice per week, for six weeks. The LOS performance in right and backward-right directions at level 3 was significant improved in post-training than pre-training. Furthermore, The LOS performance in overall, forward, right, forward,left, backward-right, and backward-left directions at level 6 were significant improved in post-training than pre-training. It is concluded that regular CST can improve the dynamic postural stability in healthy young students
THE EFFECTS OF QUADRICEPS TAPING AND NOWTAPING APPROCHES ON COUNTERMOVEMENT JUMP PERFORMANCE
Get PDFKinesio is one of the most common adhesive therapeutic tapes. Expect for clinical applications, kinesio claims to be able to enhance muscle activity performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kinesio taping on quadriceps during a maximal counter-movement jump. Six healthy men was recruited in this study (Height: 173.8 k 4.2 em; Weight: 68.8 k 7.3 kg; Age: 22.9 k 2.3 yrs ). The kistler force plate was used to measure the jump height, takeoff force and landing force. No significant differences between two groups. The results showed that kinesio tape did not affect muscle activity and ground recreation force, jumping height and landing force
COMPARISON OF THREE EXERCISE THERAPIES FOR RECREATIONAL RUNNERS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Get PDFThe prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in among recreational runners is high. A singleblinded (outcome assessor blinded) randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel therapy using lower limb (LL) exercises, in comparison with 2 conventional therapies [(lumbar extensor (LE) exercises and lumbar stabilization (LS) exercises], in managing chronic LBP in recreational runners. Eighty-four runners, assigned to 1 of the 3 exercise groups, completed 8 weeks of exercise therapy. The findings revealed that LL exercise therapy was superior to the 2 conventional exercise therapies in improving running functional outcome and knee extension strength, and was equally effective in improving lumbar multifidus activation. Thus, the novel LL exercise therapy is recommended for clinical management of chronic LBP in recreational runners
STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT MOVEMENT DURING BACKSWING IN BASEBALL PITCHING MAY BE A GOOD INDICATOR OF SHOULDER INJURY
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to demonstrate the characteristics of joint movements performed by the pitchers who suffered from throwing shoulder injuries. Fourteen semiprofessional baseball pitchers participated in our longitudinal study. We captured their pitching using an optical motion capture system. We investigated their disease history once a year, for 5 years, in order to investigate the relationship between baseball-related throwing injuries and pitching mechanics. T w of the players suffered from shoulder pain and had to take a "no throw" rest for several weeks during the season. Both pitchers had a reduced range of motions for retraction at the sternoclavicular joint during backswing. However, they presented the same range of motions for shoulder horizontal abduction, as the other healthy pitchers
THERAPEUTIC PATELLAR TAPING TECHNIQUES EFFECT LOWER EXTREMITY RUNNING KINEMATICS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME
Get PDFThis study investigated the effects of patellar taping (McConnell\u27s Medial Glide, MMG; Mechanical Correction with Tension in the Base, MCT; no tape, NT) on lower extremity kinematics in runners with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Twenty healthy individuals and 12 with PFPS participated. Significant taping effects were found for hip flexion (p=.0001) and knee flexion angles (p=.0001) at initial contact and peak hip flexion angles during swing (p=.003). MMG produced more flexion than the MCT and NT. Peak knee flexion angles during stance (p=.036) and flight time (p=.010) revealed significant taping effects, with MMG resulting in more flexion and shorter flight times than NT. A significant taping effect was seen for peak knee flexion angle during swing (p=.010), with MCT resulting in less flexion than MMG and NT. The application of patellar taping may impact on running mechanics
CHANGES OF LUMBOPELVIC RWTHM DURING TRUNK EXTENSION IN ADOLESCENT SOCCER PLAYERS
Get PDFHip-spine coordination (or lumbopelvic rhythm) can be used to assess the lower-limb and spine functions. We measured low-back pain (LBP) in adolescent soccer players before and after a 6-month period and divided them into four groups: no LBP both before and after the period, LBP before but not after 0,LB P after but not before (NP), and LBP both before and after. We used 3D motion analysis during trunk extension to measure the lumba spine and hip ranges of motion QOMs). During the 6-month follow-up, lumbar spine ROM decreased in the NP group. This group extended their lumbar spine excessively compared with the hip before the period, which could cause LBP, but decreased the extension after the period. Lumbar extension relative to hip extension decreased in the PN group, which could decrease the excessive load on the lumbar spine and eliminate LBP