ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
Not a member yet
5464 research outputs found
Sort by
RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF CONTACT AND AERIAL COMPONENTS IN THE CONTROL OF AERIAL ROTATION TO GUIDE ACROBATICS SKILLS LEARNING
Full text linkThe contribution of release state, change in inertia moment, and angular momentum transfer to the performance of a transition move on asymmetrical bars was analysed to better guide acrobatics learning in novices and experts. Numerical simulation based on actual release state was used to optimise aerial technique in novices and experts. Optimised novice performances did not reach actual expert ones. Thereafter, it may be crucial to orient novice learning toward improving release state. In addition for both groups, adjustments of inertia moment and momentum transfer in optimised techniques significantly increased performances. Finally in all actual or optimised techniques, the level of contribution of inertia moment correlated the most with the level of performance. Therefore technique enabling larger change in inertia moment should be preferred
STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF CHANGES OF AIR RESISTANCE ATHLETES’ TAKING-OFF SPEED IN FREESTYLE SKIING AERIALS
Full text linkFreestyle skiing is a competitive sport in the open-air environment. The air resistance that athlete meets in the process of slipping, transition and entering stage determines the athletes’ taking-off speed, thus affecting the performance in competition. This paper set up a function model of frontal area and time about L, T, F, DF, F and other single action in the process completed, and establishes the function between windward area and time in specific action. It studies and analyses the influence of air resistance on athlete’s taking-off speed, combining with the results of the taking-off speed calculation software. The main findings are shown as follows: When the wind speed each increases 0.8 m/s in the leaving platform phase, athlete\u27s taking-off speed will decrease 0.4m/s. When the wind speed is low, the change of wind direction exerts little impact on athletes’ taking-off speed
ASYMMETRY IN SPRINT RUNNING: STRENGTH AND PERFORMANCE INTERACTIONS
Full text linkAsymmetry in sprint running can influence performance and injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between asymmetry in sprint performance and lowerlimb strength. Ground reaction force data were collected from eight sprint runners whilst performing maximal effort squat jumps. Asymmetry during jump tests was compared with asymmetry of step responses and kinetic variables collected during maximal velocity sprint running trials. Significant positive correlations were reported between net ankle work in sprinting and peak force (r = 0.895) and peak power (0.761) during strength diagnostic jump tests. Results indicated individual athlete asymmetry profiles for both performance and strength asymmetry, suggesting that bilateral strength imbalances do not entirely account for asymmetry in performance variables during sprint running
AN EMG PROFILE OF LOWER LIMB MUSCLES DURING LINEAR GLIDE AND STANDING SHOT PUTTING
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to provide a descriptive analysis of the phasic muscle activity of 8 lower limb muscles during performance of the shot put field event in track and field athletics. Six shot putters performed 3 standing and 3 full linear glide technique throws. Electromyography (EMG) of 8 lower limb muscles was recorded during the trials and the distance thrown was also measured. A comparison between standing and glide techniques are important from a coaching perspective. An increase in peak muscle activity of the Rectus Femoris was observed between the glide and standing throw, all other lower limb muscles showed no significant increases between the techniques. Results show significant increases between performances of standing and glide throws in female athletes however the mean differences were smaller in the male athletes
PARAMETRIC STUDY OF MUSCULO-ARTICULAR STIFFNESS OBTAINED BY FREE VIBRATION TECHNIQUE
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to analyse the effect of several variables on musculo-articular stiffness (MAS) linked to ankle articulation using free vibration techniques. Twenty one university students participated in the present study. The outcomes: 2nd metatarsal head moment arm (R), Achilles tendon moment arm (r), the ratio of both (R/r), force (f), MAS (k) and a unitary MAS (ku). Independent samples t-tests and One-way ANOVA with repeated measures were carried out. Results: Across gender, very significant differences in k values (
ANKLE MUSCLE STRENGTH AND ACHILLES TENDON PROPERTIES IN RUNNERS WITH DIFFERENT SPEED DEPENDENT STRIKE PATTERNS
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to investigate ankle muscle strength and Achilles tendon anthropometrics of heel-strikers who a) do not switch or b) do switch their strike pattern towards a forefoot-strike when increasing running velocity. Differences were primarily found in the capacity to develop plantarflexion strength. This indicates that the two groups differ - next to kinematic aspects - in muscular characteristics of the plantarflexors, which could be influenced by Achilles tendon properties
THE BENEFITS OF STRETCHING DURING IMMOBILZATION
Full text linkStretching may help maintain physiological functions during immobilization. We examined the effects of static stretching on calf girth, and dorsiflexion ROM, and plantarflexor strength after two weeks of immobilization. Thirty-six females aged (19.81±2.48) were randomly assigned to a control group (CG), experimental group (EG), or experimental stretching group (ESG). All groups completed pre-test and a post-test measures of muscle girth, dorsiflexion ROM, and plantarflexion strength. The EG and ESG wore an Aircast FP Walker for two weeks on the left leg, with the ESG participating in a stretching program two times each day. ANCOVA’s and least significant differences procedures (
“BIRTH IS LIKE A MARATHON” REVISITING CHILDBIRTH BY USING SPORT BIOMECHANICS APPROACHES
Full text linkChildbirth is a sport according to women who have experienced it. The physiological demand of this specific sport activity is indeed close to what is measured in many other sport activities. From a biomechanical point of view, it also seems possible to consider childbirth as a sport activity that can be optimized. After explaining how childbirth is similar to a sport activity, we will present the methodology and preliminary results of an innovative approach in delivery biomechanics. A biomechanical analysis of childbirth as performed in many sport activities seems to be appropriate in order to optimize some parameters of this sport activity so special in a lifetime
WRIST JOINT LOADING DURING THE ROUND-OFF SKILLS IN FEMALE GYMNASTICS
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate key injury risk factors including wrist joint kinetics and kinematics in the second contact limb for both parallel and T-shape RO techniques. Seven international level female gymnasts performed 10 trials of round-off from a hurdle step to back handspring with “parallel” and “T” shape hand position. Two force plates were used to determine ground reaction forces. Eight infrared cameras were employed to collect the kinematic data. Ttest and effect size statistics established differences. Key findings of the current study are that in the parallel technique the wrist joint is exposing to higher axial compression load. Increased wrist joint dorsiflexion and radial deviation in the T-shape technique may indicate higher risk of wrist injury in gymnastics
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY RISK FACTORS DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FEMALE DANCERS AND FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS DURING SINGLE-LEGGED AND DOUBLE LEGGED LANDING TASKS
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to compare ACL injury risk factors between female dancers and female soccer players during single-legged drop landing and double legged drop landing vertical jump tasks. Fifteen elite female soccer players and 45 professional female dancers (15 ballet, 15 modern, and 15 Korean dancers) were recruited to participate in this study. Two-way repeated measure of ANOVAs (participant groups & landing tasks, 4x2) were used. Female dancers landed with a significantly lower trunk flexion, trunk external rotation, knee external rotation, and knee valgus moment than those of female soccer players. Also, single-legged drop landing task demonstrated a higher trunk external rotation and knee valgus moment than those of double legged drop landing vertical jump task