Open Journal Unimal (e-Jurnal Universitas Malikussaleh)
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Antioxidant potential of endophytic bacteria on the bark of Rhizophora stylosa as a free radical scavenger
Get PDFRhizophora stylosa mangrove contains secondary metabolite compounds with antioxidant potential, including those produced by endophytic bacteria within its bark tissue. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and secondary metabolite content of endophytic bacteria. The methods used include exploration and experimentation, with qualitative data (isolation, identification, mass culture, phytochemical tests) and quantitative data (total phenolic content and antioxidant activity). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the bark of R. stylosa, cultured in bulk, and extracted using liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Phytochemical tests were conducted to detect secondary metabolites, while total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and measured with a spectrophotometer at 765 nm. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method at 500 nm and analyzed through linear regression to determine the IC50 value. Three isolates were obtained: RS1 (Gram-positive, cocci), and RS2 and RS3 (Gram-negative, bacilli). Phytochemical tests showed that all isolates contained triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols, while tannins were only present in RS1 and RS2. The highest phenolic content was found in RS3 (193.8431 mgGAE/g). IC50 values were 111.86 ppm (RS1, moderate), 82.01 ppm (RS2, strong), and 90.68 ppm (RS3, strong).
Keywords: Antioxidant Activity; Endophytic Bacteria; Rhizophora stylos
Comparative growth performance of Kappaphycus striatus and the green variety of Kappaphycus alvarezii under longline cultivation
Get PDFThis study compares the growth of two seaweed species, Kappaphycus striatus and Kappaphycus alvarezii (green variety), using the longline method in the waters of Pelakak Village, Lingga Regency. This research aims to identify differences in daily growth rates and environmental factors affecting the productivity of both seaweed species. The study was conducted over 45 days using a randomized block design with two treatments and four replications. Measured parameters included absolute weight growth, specific growth rate, and water quality. The results showed that K. alvarezii (green variety) exhibited a higher daily growth rate (0.55% weight/day) compared to K. striatus (0.31% weight/day). Environmental factors such as temperature (28–30°C), salinity (30–31 ppt), and pH (7.1–7.4) were within the optimal range, but the current velocity (0.4–0.5 m/s), which exceeded the standard, potentially inhibited growth an increased the risk of talus damage. The t-student test indicated no significant difference in growth between the two seaweed species (p>0.05). These findings suggest that K. alvarezii (green variety) is more adaptive to local environmental conditions than K. striatus, although current velocity and pest presence remain challenges in seaweed cultivation. This study contributes to optimizing seaweed farming strategies in coastal areas.
Keywords: Growth; Kappaphycus striatus; Kappaphycus alvarezii Green Variety; Longlin
Macrozoobenthos diversity in the waters of Krueng Pasee River
Get PDFMacrozobenthos is a sensitive water biota to changing water quality, it can give you an idea of the water conditions. The research was done by subtracting samples from the waters of the Pasee River and being analyzed in the lab. The abundance of macrozoobenthos on the various pasee rivers ranged between 140 ind / m2, the diversity index ranged from 2,039, the evenness index from 0,928, and the dominant index from 0.503. Of that value, it can be said that the water condition of the river is still good.
Keyword: Abundance; Dominant; Evenness; Krueng Pasee; Macrozobentho
Identification and pathogenicity of bacteria in Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni)
Get PDFThe banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) is an endemic fish species in the Banggai waters of Central Sulawesi, with an attractive body shape, making it a prime target for ornamental fish hobbyists. One of the causes of the decline in the Banggai cardinalfish population is disease infection. This study aims to identify pathogenic bacteria that infect the Banggai cardinalfish and to determine their pathogenicity levels. The research was conducted in two stages: first, isolation and identification of bacteria from the Banggai cardinalfish, and second, pathogenicity tests of the identified bacteria. Four bacterial isolates were obtained from the Banggai cardinalfish, and based on morphological characteristics and biochemical tests, four bacterial types were identified according to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, namely Microbacterium spp., Rhodococcus spp., Bacillus sp., and Edwardsiella spp. The bacterium with the highest pathogenicity toward the Banggai cardinalfish was Bacillus sp., followed by Edwardsiella spp., Microbacterium spp., and Rhodococcus spp. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the identified bacteria are capable of killing the Banggai cardinalfish.
Keywords: Bacterial; Banggai Cardinalfish; Identification; Isolates; Pathogenicit
Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Petani Bawang Merah di Kecamatan Cibitung Kabupaten Sukabumi
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of shallot farming households in Cibitung Subdistrict, Sukabumi Regency. A qualitative descriptive method was used. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling, with a total of 30 shallot farmers participating in the study. The results show that most farmers are of productive age but have limited farming experience and low levels of formal education. Shallot cultivation is conducted on a small scale, with an average land size ranging from 0.02 to 0.04 hectares, and a productivity rate of 3,017 kg/ha. Although production volume is relatively low, the relatively high selling price offers income opportunities. The main source of capital is personal funds, while the marketing system remains dominated by middlemen. All respondents are members of farmer groups, which serve as a source of information and cooperation. However, none are members of village unit cooperatives (KUD), as there are no active cooperatives in the area. In addition to farming (on-farm) activities, some farmers also engage in off-farm and non-farm work to supplement their income. These findings highlight the need to strengthen farmers’ capacity through training, institutional support, and improvements in the marketing system to enhance the sustainability of shallot farming
Analisis Perkembangan Produksi dan Efisiensi Teknis Komoditas Pangan di Indonesia
Get PDFFood security is a critical concern for Indonesia which is well-known as an agricultural country. The risk of a food crisis can be mitigated through comprehensive assessments of production trends and efficiency analysis of Indonesia’s food crops commodities. This study aims to demonstrate the production trends of Indonesia’s strategic food crops commodities namely paddy, maize, soybean, cassava, and sugarcane. This study also aims to measure the technical efficiency score among the food crop commodities. The research utilized secondary time-series data from 1999 to 2023, comprising agricultural input variables such as land area, fertilizer, agrochemical, and labor, alongside the output of food commodity production. The analytical methods applied were Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and descriptive statistics. The results showed that the production of food crops commodities in Indonesia over the past 25 years has been relatively volatile and varied, with most commodities demonstrating adequate satisfying technical efficiency. However, soybean production requires particular attention due to its lower performance in both production volume and technical efficiency. The study also analyzed the agricultural input use trends. The finding highlights an ongoing increase in land area for food crop cultivation through extensification programs. Meanwhile, the use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals has continued to rise. On the other hands, the use of organic fertilizers has declined, raising concerns about sustainability. These findings are expected to inform policymakers in designing and implementing agricultural development programs to achieve national food self-sufficiency
The Effect Of Dangke Feeding On Body Mass Index In Male White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) With Obesity From The Sprague Dawley Strain
Get PDFObesity is defined as a metabolic disorder characterised by an increase in body fat mass and can lead to various chronic diseases. Dangke, a traditional fermented food from Enrekang, contains lactic acid bacteria which have been shown to have the potential to aid weight loss (Jones et al., 2022). The objective of this study was to ascertain the impact of dangke administration on the Body Mass Index (Lee Index) in male Sprague Dawley obese white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The present study was an experimental laboratory study with a pre-post-test design, incorporating a control group. The study involved 30 rats, which were divided into three groups: control, low-dose treatment (1.8 g/200 g BW), and high-dose treatment (3.6 g/200 g BW). Dangke was administered the substance for a period of 14 days via a feeding tube. The subsequent analysis of the data employed a range of statistical tests, including the Shapiro-Wilk, Levene, Paired Sample T-test, and One Way ANOVA. The findings indicated that there was no statistically significant difference in the control group (p = 0.893). However, the low-dose (p = 0.001) and high-dose (p = 0.004) groups demonstrated a substantial decrease in the Lee Index, indicating a dose-dependent response. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test following treatment indicated a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.002). The LSD follow-up test revealed a significant difference between the control group and the two treatment groups, but not between the low and high doses. The present study concluded that dangke significantly reduced the Lee Index in obese rats, although increasing the dose did not provide a significant additional effect. It is hypothesised that Dangke has the potential to be an alternative fermented nutritional intervention to aid weight loss
Analisis Antarmuka Pengguna pada Sistem Informasi Desa (OpenSID) Gampong Keubang Kabupaten Pidie dalam Perspektif Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the user interface of the Village Information System (OpenSID) in Gampong Keubang, Pidie Regency, based on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles. The research uses direct observation and documentation of system interfaces such as the dashboard, village service menus, population data, and administrative features. The analysis focuses on usability aspects, including ease of use, design consistency, text readability, navigation, and user needs compliance. The findings indicate several issues, such as unstructured layout, icons without text labels, low color contrast, and important information that is not immediately visible. However, the system has sufficiently supported village officials in managing data digitally. This study is expected to provide recommendations for improving the OpenSID interface design to be more user-friendly and in line with user needs.Sistem Informasi Desa (OpenSID) merupakan platform digital yang digunakan oleh pemerintah desa untuk mendukung transparansi informasi, pelayanan administrasi, dan keterbukaan data kepada masyarakat. Namun, hasil pengamatan pada website OpenSID Gampong Keubang (https://keubang.desa.id) menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman pengguna (user experience) masih belum optimal. Waktu akses halaman utama tergolong lambat, fitur pengaduan masyarakat sudah tersedia namun belum dimanfaatkan sehingga halaman hanya menampilkan pesan “404! Pengaduan Belum Tersedia”. Hal ini mengindikasikan kurangnya sosialisasi atau pemahaman masyarakat terhadap fitur tersebut. Selain itu, menu panduan layanan online hanya berisi “Privacy Policy” dalam bahasa Inggris tanpa adanya panduan layanan lain yang dapat membantu masyarakat menggunakan platform secara mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis antarmuka pengguna OpenSID Gampong Keubang berdasarkan prinsip Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer (IMK), meliputi aspek kemudahan penggunaan, konsistensi tampilan, aksesibilitas, dan efektivitas informasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara visual sistem sudah informatif, namun masih memerlukan peningkatan pada kecepatan akses, kelengkapan fitur layanan, pemberian panduan penggunaan, serta penambahan kategori pengaduan seperti infrastruktur, administrasi, keamanan desa, dan lainnya. Rekomendasi perbaikan diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dan kualitas pelayanan digital desa
PERAN VISUALISASI DATA DAN KECERDASAN BUATAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGALAMAN PENGGUNA PADA SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK
Get PDFPenelitian ini mengembangkan chatbot akademik berbasis kecerdasanbuatan yang terintegrasi dengan visualisasi data interaktif dalam SistemInformasi Akademik (SIA). Sistem dibangun menggunakan Python dengandata JSON sebagai sumber informasi akademik mahasiswa. Hasil evaluasimenunjukkan chatbot mampu menjawab pertanyaan akademik secarakontekstual dengan waktu respons rata-rata 1,8 detik dan akurasi 88%.Integrasi AI dan visualisasi data terbukti efektif meningkatkan kecepatanserta pemahaman pengguna terhadap informasi akademik. Sistem inidiharapkan dapat membantu mahasiswa dan dosen dalam memperolehdata akademik secara cepat, akurat, dan efisien.Penelitian ini mengembangkan chatbot akademik berbasis kecerdasan buatan yang terintegrasi dengan visualisasi data interaktif dalam Sistem Informasi Akademik (SIA). Sistem dibangun menggunakan Python dengan data JSON sebagai sumber informasi akademik mahasiswa. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan chatbot mampu menjawab pertanyaan akademik secara kontekstual dengan waktu respons rata-rata 1,8 detik dan akurasi 88%. Integrasi AI dan visualisasi data terbukti efektif meningkatkan kecepatan serta pemahaman pengguna terhadap informasi akademik. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat membantu mahasiswa dan dosen dalam memperoleh data akademik secara cepat, akurat, dan efisien
Analisis Tema Kontemporer Sebagai Metode Desain Arsitektur
Get PDFKarya arsitektur dihasilkan melalui proses desain arsitektur yang mengintegrasikan kreativitas dan inovasi sebagai elemen utama. Pada pendidikan Arsitektur saat ini, proses desain didukung oleh pendekatan melalui eksplorasi tema dan konsep desain. Salah satu tema dalam perancangan arsitektur yang terus berkembang dan cukup diminati adalah tema kontemporer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi prinsip-prinsip arsitektur kontemporer serta menganalisis penerapan prinsip tersebut dalam perancangan arsitektur mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan analisis studi kasus terhadap empat karya Tugas Akhir Perancangan Mahasiswa Arsitektur Universitas Syiah Kuala. Analisis difokuskan pada penerapan prinsip-prinsip arsitektur kontemporer dalam masing-masing karya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tema Arsitektur Kontemporer memiliki enam prinsip utama; gubahan massa ekspresif, imajinatif, atau dinamis, memiliki bentuk geometris sederhana, bangunan yang kontras dengan lingkungan sekitar, memiliki harmoni ruang dalam dan ruang luar, memiliki fasad yang transparan serta bukaan yang besar, dan menggunakan material non-konvensional. Semua prinsip tersebut telah diterapkan dalam proses perancangan tugas akhir perancangan mahasiswa dengan interpretasi yang berbeda pada setiap individu. Prinsip pertama memiliki kendala pada penerapan tema terhadap rancangan secara optimal. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam edukasi di bidang arsitektur, khususnya pengetahuan terkait teori dan tema arsitektur kontemporer serta penerapannya.Karya arsitektur dihasilkan melalui proses desain arsitektur yang mengintegrasikan kreativitas dan inovasi sebagai elemen utama. Pada pendidikan Arsitektur saat ini, proses desain didukung oleh pendekatan melalui eksplorasi tema dan konsep desain. Salah satu tema dalam perancangan arsitektur yang terus berkembang dan cukup diminati adalah tema kontemporer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi prinsip-prinsip arsitektur kontemporer serta menganalisis penerapan prinsip tersebut dalam perancangan arsitektur mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data sekunder dari studi literatur terkait serta mengambil empat objek studi kasus penelitian dari hasil perancangan Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa Program Studi Arsitektur, Universitas Syiah Kuala. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tema Arsitektur Kontemporer memiliki enam prinsip utama; gubahan massa ekspresif, imajinatif, atau dinamis, memiliki bentuk geometris sederhana, bangunan yang kontras dengan lingkungan sekitar, memiliki harmoni ruang dalam dan ruang luar, memiliki fasad yang transparan serta bukaan yang besar, dan menggunakan material yang tidak konvensional. Semua prinsip tersebut telah diterapkan dalam proses perancangan tugas akhir mahasiswa yang mengambil tema Kontemporer dengan interpretasi yang berbeda pada setiap individu. Prinsip pertama memiliki kendala pada penerapan tema terhadap rancangan secara optimal. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam edukasi di bidang arsitektur, khususnya pengetahuan terkait teori dan tema arsitektur kontemporer serta penerapannya