Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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STUDIES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HALOPHYTIC SPECIES CRAMBE MARITIMA L. AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS INTRODUCTION INTO CULTURE IN THE SOUTHERN AREA OF ROMANIA’S OLTENIA REGION
Get PDFCrambe maritima L. is a perennial plant from the Brasicaceae family that grows spontaneously in Romania on the beaches of the Black Sea. Its tolerance to salt also makes it tolerant to soil drought. Therefore, it was considered that the sandy and dry soil in the southern part of the Oltenia region could be favorable for the cultivation of this plant, known in the world for its food value. Studies show that the plant develops high values of osmotic pressure and suction force on dry and salty soil and thus manages to absorb optimal amounts of water. Wax impregnation of the leaves reduces water losses and is thus another adaptive advantage. In conditions of moderate salinity or drought, the photosynthesis values are maintained at fairly high values and the net assimilation intensity also has values that ensure a moderate productivity
FOUNTAINE WATER POTABILITY ASSESSMENT IN THE SUCEAVA COUNTY
Get PDFDue to the qualitative changes of groundwater, produced by pollution with substances that alter the physical, chemical and biological qualities of water, at the level of individual water sources (wells), there are frequently recorded exceedances of the maximum permissible concentration for chemical parameters such as ammonium, nitrates, nitrites, hardness, etc.
The quality of water in wells is influenced by the soil structure and various sources of pollution and the excessive use of fertilizer for fertilization and also by rain washing of agricultural soils (especially in winter). The presence of severe storms can be important sources of nitrate contamination for surface waters. Even the natural structure of the soil can alter the quality of the water.
Increased concentrations of nitrate in drinking water can be produced by several sources already mentioned, but also by the non-compliance with hygienic-sanitary conditions and location of wells. The goal of this study is to increase the awareness of the importance of monitoring the quality of the water that people consumes. Systematic monitoring of the quality of drinking water is essential, considering the negative influence of the exceedence of maximum admissible values for some parameters, especially on the organisms of children and infants for whom can even lead to death. The results show that the maximum admissible limit values for nitrate and ammonium concentrations in the fountaine water from the Suceava district are exceeded in some cases, while the other parameters under investigation are in general within the permissible limits
THE DIVERSITY OF USEFUL BEETLES FROM THE POBORU ORCHARD ECOSYSTEM, OLT COUNTY
Get PDFThis paper presents data on the abundance and diversity of useful coleopteran species collected in the plum plantation in Poboru, Olt county. The research was carried out in 2022, starting from April to September.During the observation period, research was carried out on the entomofauna of useful coleoptera found in the Poboru orchard ecosystem. This was subjected to an analysis regarding the structure and abundance of useful coleopterans encountered in the studied fruit crop, and they were selected from the total of coleopterans identified and treated separately.Thus, in 2022, 8 species from the Carabidae family, 2 species from the Staphilinidae family and 10 species from the Coccinellidae family were identified.According to the data obtained in 2022, the Coccinellidae family represented 61.12%, the Carabidae family accounted for 28.75% and the Staphilinidae family 10.13%
IMPROVING THE PLANTING PROCESS BY USING CUP OPERATING CYCLE DIAGRAM
Get PDFThe study carried out on the qualitative indicators of work for planting seedlings requires knowledge of the cyclogram of the operation of the cup of the planting device.This involves knowing and correctly setting the operational phases of the bucket at a full rotation of the distributor disc.The realization of the cyclogram takes into account the kinematic elements of the transmission that determine the peripheral speed of rotation of the cup and influence the time of placing the seedling in the cup by the user.Consisting of several sectors, namely the sector of placing the seedling in the cup, moving the seedling cup until it opens and leaving the seedling in the ground, moving the open cup without seedling, closing the cup for feeding the seedling by the user, mainly influences the distance between the plates at a time.At the same time, the peripheral speed of rotation and the times for completing the operational phases of the cup have an influence on the state of fatigue of the user, in the conditions where an experienced user can place 60-70 seedlings/minute.Following the conducted research, conclusions were drawn on the operation of the planter with different number of cups at different work speeds on the achievement of the respective work quality indices: the distance between plants in a row, the position of the plant in the soil. The obtained results led to observations for the optimization of the cyclogram
CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING OPTIMAL SYSTEM FOR MINERAL FERTILIZATION AT FEED SORGHUM CULTURE, IN OLTENIA CENTRAL AREA
Get PDFIn our country there are a lot of surfaces with sandy soils and soils with a high concentration of salts, but the lack of some productive soils and free of tannin made that this plant to be less used than the corn. The macro-elements consumption at sorghum culture, in natural conditions is made at level of P70N80-100, with appliance of Phosphorous under sorghum work of the soil and Nitrogen at preparation of germinative bed under work with disk
COMBINED USE OF SOLID AND LIQUID FERTILIZERS TO IMPROVE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT CROPS IN URZICUTA,DOLJ COUNTY
Get PDFThis research is important because there is a good time to apply each type of fertilizer and it is necessary to know it, as well as to interact these fertilizations of the wheat with the phytosanitary treatment. The fertilizer doses can vary from one crop to another, but even so the main purpose is to ensure correct fertilization, without recording losses of products in the soil and, finally, with maximum production effects. As for the fertilizer dosage, it varies depending on the type of soil and how much nitrogen it contains, why fertilizers were applied to the fertilization in autumn, the planned production and the financial needs of the farmer involved.
In Romania in recent years, agriculture has seen a continuous development and therefore the productions have increased, of course, except for the situations in which drought has changed this course of things. We can see if we look at the statistics as wheat production increased from 1,541 to /ha in 2007 to 4,8 to ha in 2018 and the trend is increasing if the pedo-climatic conditions help us. The fertilizers used play an important role in this equation. For example, in Urzicuța, Dolj County, several ways of fertilizing the wheat have been experimented on several ha in order to observe the correlation between the economic benefits obtained, the quality of the wheat obtained and the quantity. Fertilization with liquid nitrogen and solid nitrogen plus other elements proved to be the most efficient both in terms of the production obtained and the cost of production
LIVESTOCK FARM LOCATION OF PIGS REPRODUCTION BASED ON THE GEOTECHNICAL STUDY
Get PDFThe geotechnical study resulted from the need to know the foundation land in order to properly place the investment and includes the geotechnical exploration works performed in the site area, with the aim of providing the data necessary to solve the basic problems specifying the aspects related to: the stratification of the land on the site; physical-mechanical characteristics of existing soils; admissible pressures at different foundation levels; probable settlements; framing of field excavations; frost depth; seismic framing; hydrogeological data
SUCCULENT PLANT SPECIES FROM THE CRASSULACEAE FAMILY PRESENT IN THE GREENHOUSES OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN "AL. BUIA" FROM CRAIOVA
Get PDFDissemination of information regarding the existing plant collections in the Botanical Garden "Al. Buia" from Craiova is a necessity for knowing, understanding and appreciating its plant heritage at its fair value. Through the collections it holds, it can be said that the Botanical Garden effectively contributes to the conservation of plant diversity, as some rare and threatened species from Europe and other regions of the world are also present here. Also, an interesting group of plants grown in the greenhouses of the Craiova Botanical Garden is represented by succulent plants, with representatives from several families, of which species belonging to the Crassulaceae family are presented in this work. This family includes mostly herbaceous species, rarely frutescent plants with succulent leaves that grow spontaneously in dry, rocky, water-poor places in the warm and temperate regions of the globe. The Crassulaceae family is well represented in the greenhouse by species of the genera Adromischus, Aeonium, Aichryson, Bryophyllum, Crassula, Echeveria, Kalanchoe, Monanthes, Pachyphytum, Sedum, Sinocrassula, generally originating in the arid areas of South Africa. Some species are native to the Canary Islands, South America, Central America and Mexico, but all exhibit adaptations to xerophytism, such as covering with trichomes or a wax coating
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TO THE CROP PLAN FOR THE EAST AREA OF ROMANIA, IN THE CONTEXT OF DRY-FARMING
Get PDFImplementation of the dry-farming work system is one of the solutions that allow maintaining the balance between the growing demand for the production of food and plant materials with different uses, together with the negative impact that intensive agriculture has on the planet's natural resources. The paper aims to observe how some species of oilseed plants, namely Sinapisalba L., Linumusitatissimum L., and Coriandrumsativum L., can adapt to the prolonged drought conditions of the south-eastern part of Romania and its impact on the quality and quantity of the harvests obtained. Sinapisalba L. proved to be the plant with the highest sensitivity to the lack of precipitation, suffering losses of 70-80%. The emergence of coriander was higher compared to flax and mustard
DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN PEPPER FRUITS FERTILIZED WITH NATURAL BIOSTIMULATORS FORMED FROM SPORES AND MICHELIA OF TRICHODERMA ATROVIRIDE NON-GENETICALLY MODIFIED AND FULVIC ACID
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the role of fertigation with Trichoderma atroviride and fulvic acid at 6 varieties and a hybrid of long pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) var. longum. For this purpose, determinations were made on the content of totalpolyphenols, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity of peppers that have reached physiological maturity.The determinations were made by the Folin-Cicâlteu method, by titration and the DPPH method. The results obtained in the samples fertigated with Trichoderma atroviride are superior to the samplesfoliarly fertilized with fulvic acid. Although there is a difference between them, we believe that it is appropriate to use both biostimulators in pepper culture