Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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RESEARCH ON THE EFFICACY AND SELECTIVITY OF SOME HERBICIDES APPLIED TO GRAIN SORGHUM
Get PDFThe research carried out during the period 2018-2019 at Dabuleni Research Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands (Dabuleni RDSPCS) underlines the importance of the herbicide work on the sorghum crop for grains, placed under the conditions of sandy soils. The products were tested: Trek P34 SE (pendimethalin 64 g / l + terbuthylazine 270 g / l), in doses of 2.5 l / ha and 3.5 l / ha, Gardoprim Plus Gold 500 SC (S-metolachlor 312, 5 g / l + terbuthylazine 197.5 g / l), in a dose of 1 l / ha, Universal Buctril (bromoxynil 280 g / l + 2,4-D acid (ester) 280 g / l), in a dose of 1 l / ha, Dicopur Top 464 SL (344 g / l 2.4 D acid from DMA salt and 120 g / l dicamba), in a dose of 1 l / ha and Dual Gold 960 EC (960 g/l S-metolaclor), in a dose of 1,5 l/ha. The spectrum of weeds recorded in the untreated variant is highlighted by the abundant presence of the species Ambrosia artemisiifolia, in 48.9%, followed by Digitaria sanguinalis (29.6%), Portulacca oleraceaea (12.2%) and Chenopodium album (9.3 %). The EWRS ratings, regarding the weed degree in the untreated variant, underline high values throughout the vegetation period, the grades being in the range 6-9, with an average of 7.88. Compared to this variant, the application of herbicides ensures a weed control, for the period 15-60 days after application, in a percentage of 50.8-71.4%. The obtained results show that the best control over the weed degree in the sorghum culture was achieved by the post-emergent application of the product Trek P34 SE, at a dose of 3, 5 l / ha, the production of grains obtained at harvesting being 7333.5 kg / ha, compared with the non-herbicide control, in which 3070.5 kg / ha were registered
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TIMES OF SUMMER PRUNING TO PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUITS QUALITY OF APPLE CULTIVAR GALA BROOKFIELD
Get PDFApple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) is the most important of the deciduous tree fruits in Serbia in last decade, with annual production of about 450.000 tonnes. The cultivar Gala is one of the most represented cultivar in orchard. Serious problem in increase of profitability of apple producers in Serbia is low fruits quality of this cultivar, especially expressed in decrease of surface blushing. Summer pruning, before fruits harvest is one of possiability to improved their quality. In this paper the aim of examination was to determine effects of three different times of summer pruning to productivity and fruits quality of cultivar Gala Brookfield. The trees pruning four weeks before harvest (treatment 1) had significantly bigger fruits (138.6 g) with higher diameter (68.4 mm), percent of surface blushing (66.3 %) and content of soluble solid (12.9° Brix) according to other treatments. The trees pruning two weeks before pruning (treatment 3) had the lowest fruits quality in terms of fruits mass (109.5 g), intensity of surface blushing (1.6) and content of soluble solid (11.4° Brix). Mainly, the highest values of fruits quality in all treatments had fruits in upper part of trees. Trees in treatment 1 and treatment 2 (pruning threes weeks before harvest) had fruits with more than 65% of surface blushing and without of sunburn demage
THE CLASTOGENIC EFFECT OF TARTRAZINE, A SYNTHETIC YELLOW DYE, IN PLANT MERISTEMATIC TISSUES
Get PDFFood dyes is used both in commercial food production and in domestic cooking. One of the colorants is tartrazine (Tz), a synthetic lemon yellow dye. The purpose of this paper was to highlight the clastogenic effect of Tz to plants meristematic tissues, using the Allium assay. Three different concentrations (0.3, 1 and 1.3%) were used, the exposure time being 6 hours. The statistical analysis of the obtained results indicates that with the increase Tz concentration, mitotic activity is inhibited, while the chromosomal aberration rate in the cells in mitosis as well as the frequency of nuclear abnormalities in the interphase cells increases. The main genetic abnormalities identified were laggards, stickiness, C-mitosis and micronucleus. These results suggest prudence regarding the consumption of processed foods which containing tartrazine
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEVELLING OF SANDS FROM THE LEFT PART OF THE RIVER JIU UP ON THE ENERGY BALANCE IN THE CASE OF GROWING BARLEY IN THE FALL
No full textIn agriculture, as is known, plant production is the only branch in which energy consumed in the form of work, fuels (for soil work), electricity, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicide, etc., and fixed assets materialise In agricultural products generating energy. The calculations made on energy produced (Mcal/ha), energy consumed (Mcal/ha), energy balance (Mcal/ha), energy efficiency and energy consumption for 1 kg of product obtained indicate different values from one crop to another, and within the each crop varies quantitatively depending on the production obtained by the factors allocated and their allocation level. The energy balance is primarily influenced by the levelling of soils
DYNAMICS OF THE APPEARANCE THE PEST DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA, IN THE MAIZE CROPS OF NEAMŢ COUNTRY, UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF 2019
Get PDFResearch on the dynamics of the appearance of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera was made in the frame of a farmland cultivated with maize in Neamt county. The biological material collected using sticky yellow traps during the year 2019 from June to August. The variants and repetitions of the experience were organized according to the mode of protection of culture and according to the treatment applied, and thus resulted in three variants as follows:Variant 1 - untreated maize; Variant 2 - ground treatment with granulated insecticide FORCE G 1.5; Variant 3 - treatment of the seed with Seedoprid 600 FS.During the entire period of observation, a total of 5313 adult specimens of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera were collected, where the first alert of the adult was made on 12 June, and its last registration was on 16 August
PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS CEPHALANTHERA LONGIFOLIA AND PLATANTHERA BIFOLIA THAT GROW IN THE PEDO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS FROM OLTENIA REGION OF ROMANIA
Get PDFFor studying the physiology of terrestrial orchids, plants from the species Cephalanthera longifolia and Platanthera bifolia have been used. The experiences were carried out directly on the field, in Mehedinţi County, Comanesti Hills. In both species of orchids, the seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis registers a peak during the flowering period that corresponds to a maximum content of assimilating pigments and also a maximum leaf surface. In terrestrial orchids, the seasonal dynamics of leaf transpiration intensity is highest during spring, when the water content in the soil is high and minimal in summer. The graphs showing the diurnal variation of photosynthesis for the two species indicate that Cephalanthera longifolia prefers semi-shaded and sunny habitats, while the plants of Platanthera bifolia that are found in the studied areas prefer a more shaded environmen
STUDIES ON THE STAGE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AT THE , LOCAL ACTION GROUP "ŢINUTUL CLOŞANI", THROUGH THE NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 2014-2020
Get PDFLocal Action Groups (LAG`s) that operate in a rural territory, with a population between 10,000 - 100,000 inhabitants and the density of maximum 150 inhabitants per km2 are the beneficiaries of the LEADER Program. The financing plan of the Local Development Strategy (LDS) of the LAG "ŢINUTUL CLOŞANI", is: 2,613,306.31 euros, of which: 1,933.756 euros - the amount related to Component A; 679,550.31 euros - the sum related to Component B, representing the bonus allocated by the Managing Authority of the National Rural Development Program. Within the activity of the LAG "ŢINUTUL CLOŞANI", in the reference period studied, respectively 11.11.2016 - 01.10.2018, a single selection call was launched for the measure M1 / 6B, during the period 31.10.2017 - 30.11.2017, call from selection which was subsequently extended until 14.12.2017. During this selection call, a budget of 1,175,762 euros was allocated, out of which funds with a public value of 917,043 euros were contracted at the LAG level and 907,052 euros in the last evaluation phase (ARIF). According to the selection calls submitted until 01.10.2018, it follows that in the future selection calls will be allocated the remaining unused amounts, respectively: 258,719 euros - M1 / 6B; € 405,412 - M2 / 1A; 456,731 euros - M3 / 2A; 54,075 euros –M4 / 1B
EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY FOR IRRIGATION OF WATER FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES FROM SOUTHERN OLTENIA
Get PDFThe researches were carried out under the conditions of 2019 and aimed at assessing the quality and availability for irrigation of groundwater and surface water from different sources located on the territory of Dabuleni Research Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands (Dabuleni RDSPCS). The results regarding the quality of the water showed different values according to the source and climatic conditions. The average values regarding the fixed mineral residue, pH, nitrate content and ammonium ions, determined in 9 working points, show that the analyzed sources cannot be used as drinking water, but can be used for irrigation of agricultural crops. The obtained results showed the following water quality indicators: mineral residue = 475 -1350 mg / dm3; pH = 7.05 - 8.43; nitrates = 10.23 - 28.08 mg / dm3, ammonium (NH4 +) = 1.73 - 8.82 mg/dm3
STRUCTURAL ANATOMICAL ASPECTS OF TWO EUPHORBIA (EUPHORBIACEAE JUSS.) SPECIES LEAVES
Get PDFThe paper presents a study concerning the leaf structure (petiole, as the case) and blade of two Euphorbia species belonging to Euphorbiaceae family: Euphorbia trigona Mill., and E. tirucallli L. In literature is little information concerning the leaf petiole or blade anatomy of species of Euphorbia genus in general and concerning these two species in particular. The petiole of Euphorbia trigona possesses one epidermis cells which are more or less rounded in shape, covered by a thin cuticle. The vascular system of the petiole is represented by three closed–collateral vascular bundles. Anatomically, the leaves blade of the studied species are heterogenous and amphistomatic with lacticifers especially presented to the midrib zone, more abundant în Euphorbia tirucalli. The midrib vascular system is more developed in Euphorbia tirucalli than E. trigona.Â
STUDIES REGARDING THE IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUB-MEASURE 6.4 - "SUPPORT FOR INVESTMENTS IN THE CREATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF NON-AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES" OF THE NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM, IN THE DEVELOPMENT SECTOR OF RURAL TOURISM IN OLTEN
Get PDFSub-measure 6.4 "Support for investments in the creation and development of non-agricultural activities" falls within measure 06 "Development of farms and enterprises" and contributes to the areas of intervention: 5C - Facilitating the supply and use of renewable energy sources, by-products , waste and residues and other non-food raw materials, for the purpose of bio-economy; and 6A - Facilitating the diversification, establishment and development of small businesses, as well as job creation. In this paper, it was proposed to follow the dynamics of investments in the development sector of rural tourism by measure 6.4, in the South-West Region Oltenia, where 47 projects were financed, with an eligible value of 3,290,000 euros, where the highest eligible value was for Gorj county with 2,100,000 euros, followed by Mehedinti county with eligible value of 700,000 euros, followed by Dolj county with an eligible value of 210,000 euros, and in the last place was Olt counties (eligible value 140,000 euros) and Valcea (eligible value 140,000 euros), in the period 2015-2017