Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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RESEARCH ON THE USEFUL ENTOMOFAUNA OF SOME VEGETABLE CROPS IN SOUTHERN OF OLTENIA
Get PDFVegetable cultivation important for both the national and agricultural economy, being an important segment that must be preserved and developed, vegetable crops benefiting from attention both technically and scientifically.Useful insects are very sensitive and vulnerable, so their disappearance could lead to the destruction of the balance between the different biosystems in agrobiocenoses.The role of this paper is to provide a high input of scientific data on useful entomofauna.Research was carried out in the private station in the locality of Bratovoieşti and three methods of collecting the entomofauna were used, namely: Barber type ground trap, the tapping method, and the method of capture with the help of the entomological net.All entomofauna collected from the vegetable ecosystem was subjected to detailed analyses on the systematic group to which each species belongs.The abundance of the useful species collected are classified by order, so that the largest share is observed in the Coleoptera order, which totals a number of 10 species, and the Hymenoptera with only 3 species
THE IMPACT OF LOGGING WORKS ON THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS - SHORT REVIEW
Get PDFBy their nature, logging works generate various negative effects on the forest ecosystem, through the damages brought to its components. The objective of this paper is to establish, on the basis of an extensive bibliographic study, the specific damages to the components of the forest ecosystem and to study the tolerability thresholds of the main components of the forest ecosystem, with the implementation of logging works. Thus, the main research methods used, were bibliographic research and analysis and synthesis. According to the current state of knowledge in the field, damages to forestry are represented by changes in the natural state of soil, seedlings and trees, produced through anthropogenic interventions in forest care and regeneration, that can adversely affect the further development of forest ecosystems. The paper summarizes the main national and international classifications, on the damage caused to the main components of the forest ecosystem by logging. At the same time, the main researches in the field are mentioned, identified in the specialized bibliography and presented in the paper in chronological order. All the mentioned aspects regarding the damages of the forest ecosystem components are presented for trees, seedling and soil. The conclusions bring together the most relevant aspects of research on damage caused by logging works
THEORETICAL ASPECTS REGARDING SOME ECOLOGICAL MEASURES TO PREVENT SOIL DEGRADATION
Get PDFEco-biological agriculture involves the choice of ecological methods of tillage, more favorable to life, using various equipment and systems of agricultural machinery, depending on the properties of the soil, agrotechnical works in accordance with pedoclimatic conditions, timely and good quality, a fertilization in relation to the requirements of the plants, the favorable zoning of the agricultural crops, the realization of efficient amelioration measures, all based on a good knowledge by the agricultural specialist of the physical, chemical and biological qualities of the soil
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SOME WHEAT VARIETIES FOR YIELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES
Get PDFIdentifying high-yielding wheat varieties for various agro-climatic conditions is important because the farmers are mostly relying on these varieties for wheat production. This comparative study aimed to evaluate the performance of six wheat varieties for yield and some quality attributes, in conventional cropping system from Agricultural Research and Development Station Şimnic, Craiova. The experiment was laid out according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Statistical analysis of the data showed significant differences (p = 0.05) only for grain yield. The highest yield (4.03 t/ha) was recorded by the variety Litera followed by A 15 (3.90 t/ha) and Miranda (3.85 t/ha). The lowest yield was recorded by the variety Bezostaia (2.86 t/ha). It was observed that Bezostaia and Dacia varieties showed greater protein content (11.53% and 11.17%, respectively) than all other varieties, but these differences were statistically non-significant
STUDY ON THE YIELD AND PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS OF AN ASSORTMENT OF WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATED AT ARDS CARACAL
Get PDFOn the chernozem from Caracal, in the agricultural years 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, 9 wheat varieties of Romanian origin were tested, creations of NARDI Fundulea: Glosa, Miranda, Izvor, Otilia, Pitar, Pajura, Semnal, Ursita and Voinic. The following characteristics were determined: height, number of ears / sqm, thousand kernel weight, test weight and yield. On average, none of the wheat varieties tested was significantly superior to the control variety Glosa, in terms of yield, although in the second year of testing the varieties Miranda, Pajura, Ursita stood out with significant increases. The average yield was within the limits of 8520 kg / ha for the Izvor variety and 9429 kg / ha for the Ursita variety. The correlations between yield and height, on one hand, and yield and test weight, on the other hand, were not significant, although 29% and respectively, 19% of yield variability, were associated with the variability of correlated characters. Deviations from the sense of correlation were present for the varieties Ursita and Pajura which had both high yields and high test weight, the correlation being negative
EFFECT OF SOME SOIL APPLIED HERBICIDES ON SOIL MICROFLORA
Get PDFA study on the effect of some herbicides on the number of soil microbial populations and microbial activity was conducted. The herbicides Adengo (225 g/l Isoxaflutol + 90 g/l Thiencarbazone-methyl + 150 g/l Ciprosulfamide (antidote)), Dual Gold (960g/l S-metolachlor), Marlin Flexx (240 g/l isoxaflutol) were applied, in optimal and doubled dose. There was a decrease in the amount of ammonifying bacteria, actinomycetes, nitrifying bacteria, soil fungi in some of the treatments, and the strongest effect, especially in the initial stages of incubation is the suppression of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. After 120 days of incubation in most variants of the experiment, the suppressive effect of herbicides disappeared
THE INFLUENCE OF AGEING ON LEES ON THE QUALITY OF WHITE WINES FROM THE MURFATLAR VINEYARD
Get PDFAgeing of wines on lees allows the release of different compounds such as mannoproteins and polysaccharides into wines during yeast autolysis. Yeasts can release polysaccharides, mainly mannoproteins, from the cell wall, not only during autolysis but also during alcoholic fermentation of the must. The polysaccharides released and more particularly the mannoproteins are wall constituents of yeast. We followed the effect of ageing on lees in 3 white wines from the Mulrfatlar vineyard, vintage 2020. We adopted 3 different maturation periods on yeasts: 10, 20 and 30 days. The results show that this technique offers great prospects for improving the quality of white wines
RESEARCH ON HOUSEHOLD COMPOSTING EQUIPMENT USED FOR PROCESSING ORGANIC WASTE
Get PDFOrganic waste management is a great challenge for authorities in the context of the continuous increase of the quantities annually generated. When is brought to the municipal separation and treatment stations, the organic waste is highly contaminated and difficult to process, therefore one of the best management solutions is considered the treatment at source, using specialized household composting equipment. This paper proposes to analyze the main characteristics of household composters, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of this treatment technique
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING FISH FARMING IN POLYCULTURE SYSTEM
Get PDFMarine aquaculture is becoming more widely recognized as a viable alternative to fishing for supplying high-quality protein to the world's rising population. Capture fisheries output is falling short of global demand, and yearly seafood consumption has increased by more than double in the previous three decades. Under these conditions, raising fish in a polyculture system could be a viable option for increasing production globally, but with low effects on the environment
MECHANIZED PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS OBTAINED IN ALVEOLI
Get PDF In the paper, the authors present a study on the mechanized planting works of seedlings, made with an experimental machine with rotating seed pot planter. For this, seedling of tomatoes, eggplants and peppers were prepared and it started with obtaining the seedling by sowing in alveoli and studying its evolution and quality. The seeds were placed in well-chosen alveoli depending on the seeds size.Until the emergence and development of the seedlings, the germination bed was prepared according to the agrotechnical requirements. The seedlings were  planted  using the above equipment.The obiective of the study is to evaluate the performance of the experimental machine with rotating seed pot planter. Determinations were made regarding the qualitative indices of the respective work, the planting depth and its uniformity, the distance between plants in a row and its uniformity, the degree of damage of the plants. The obtained results were  compared  with the data from the specialized literature and conclusions were drawn regarding the possibilities of using the experienced equipment for the mechanized planting work of the seedlings obtained in the alveoli. As a result of the study, very good values of the qualitative indices of the work in case of the rotary distributor was found