Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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TOMATO PRICE AT EUROPEAN UNION LEVEL (2015-2017)
Get PDFActivity in agricultural production - vegetable and animal, in terms of the basic condition - profitability and economic efficiency - is directly related to prices operating on the free market. The prices highlight the relationships of agricultural holdings with upstream and downstream branches. The economic efficiency of tomato crops is very different depending on the cultivation system and within it, the applied agrotechnics, respectively the productive performance of cultivars, the degree of mechanization and automation of technological sequences, material consumption, etc. In order to highlight the evolution of the price, it is analyzed in the context of the phenomena manifested at regional level, during the period (2015-2017). At regional level, the evolution of the indicator is uneven, a phenomenon that is also manifested for the vast majority of component states (Austria, Czech Republic, Croatia, Denmark, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Hungary). There are also states characterized by upward developments (Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Romania, Slovakia), as well as countries where the indicator has evolved downward (Bulgaria, Sweden)
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON DETERMINATION OF DEFORMATIONS IN THE CUTTING PROCESS IN WET SANDY SOILS
Get PDFThe active parts of tillage equipment must be checked for wear resistance, under different conditions working with the soil, so that the average life span should be determined wear resistance, to ensure timely changes of parts. Research in the field has shown that there are at least two main forces acting on the active parts: impact and friction, the action of these forces causes wear. In order to test the tillage knives in laboratory conditions, was used a stand made by INMA Bucharest. With the help of this stand, the deformations in the cutting process were determined in different working conditions: at a certain working speed and at a certain humidity of the sandy soil
PARASITIC PLANTS AND THEIR PHYSIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS IN THE NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS
Get PDFThis paper presents the results of a research which had been carried out on the physiology of the parasitic plants Cuscuta campestris Yunker and Orobanche caryophyllacea Smith.    The physiological indices which have been analyzed were: respiration, transpiration, total water content, bound and unbound water, osmotic pressure,  suction force, the phosphorus and potassium contents.    The recordings show an increased value for the transpiration, a high content of total water, a low percentage of bound water and high values of osmotic pressure and suction force. The data obtained after these studies had been compared with the recordings from the host plants.   The results from the host plants indicate the following: reduced osmotic pressure of the cellular juice, a reduced suction force and a lower overall water content.  The ash content is greater in the case of the parasite plants, compared with their hosts.   At the same time, the phosphorus and potassium contents are clearly superior when compared with the values determined for the host plants
PLUTELLAXYLOSTELLA- A NEW CHALLENGE FOR RAPESEED CULTURE
Get PDFDiamondblack moth (Plutellaxylostella) although a pest specific to the cabbage culture in the autumn of 2020 in the SE part of the Boianului Plain has proven to be the biggest challenge for rapeseed growers. To control the larvae of this species, six treatment variants were tested, five chemicals belonging to three chemical groups with different modes of action and a biological insecticide. Following the treatments, the mortality rate varied between 1.21% in the case of cypermethrin and 71.75% in the case of the use of the biological insecticide based on Bacillus thuringiensis subspkurstaki
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR PROPER ALFALFA STAND ESTABLISHMENT
Get PDFAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), is a perennial legume that grows best on deep, well-drained, friable soils. For a good stand establishment, the seedbed must be smooth, free of weeds and residues and contain readily available nutrients and adequate moisture for germination and emergence. The study emphasizes the importance of the soil analysis for alfalfa crop. Soil samples were collected in 2020 from farm fields located in Hălchiu, Braşov department. Results show that even for weak acidic soils high in organic matter content, the soil`s available phosphorous is 3 - 5 times lower than the recommended guidelines, due to its retrogradation with the soil`s cations – various fertilizing techniques and the use of phosphorous protected fertilizers are required to reach the desired soil levels and to achieve an improved stand establishment and higher yields
INTELLIGENT WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY USAGE EFFECT IN CONTEXT OF PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENT SPRAYING
Get PDFIn agriculture, pesticides and fertilizers are applied to prevent crop disease and increase plant productivity. As a result of the digitalization of agriculture, human labor is increasingly interacting with intelligent technology through robots to facilitate agricultural operations. The use of intelligent technology protects the natural ecosystem by reducing the major damage caused by the unconventional application of phytosanitary treatments resulting in a flexible, proportional spraying at precise angles, thus avoiding the generation of large amounts of chemicals. This paper presents a short review about the state of the art of wireless sensors networks and how together with robotics can be applied in different fields of agriculture through the prism of sprayers that include a detection system and a wireless controlled spraye
USE OF THE STONEX S9 PLUS GPS RECEIVER FOR THE PREPARATION OF CADASTRE DOCUMENTATION FOR THE REGISTRATION IN THE LAND BOOK OF A PROPERTY
Get PDFThe purpose of the paper is to present a model for preparing topo-cadastral documentation for registration in the Land Book of a property, using modern equipment, methods and measurement systems. The respective building is located in Călăraşi commune, Sărata village, Dreptăţii street, number 3, Dolj county, being composed of construction yards and arable land, a residential building and two household annexes. In order to prepare the technical documentation necessary for registration in the land book of the building, a topographic survey was performed in the Stereographic 1970 projection system and the 1975 BLACK SEA reference system, using a Stonex S9 PLUS GPS receiver
THE PRELIMINARY RESULTS REGARDING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME CURRANT CULTIVARS ON THE SANDY SOILS FROM THE SOUTH OF OLTENIA
Get PDFThe currant is an rustic species, with a high biological potential, able of yielding 5-8 tons/ha. It grows wildly in mountainous areas of Europe (Alps, Carpathians), Asia and North America. The currant is one of the most widespread shrubs in cultivation in our country. The production results were better for the black currant compared to the red currant. In the study period, from all studied red currant cultivars, the Detvan cultivar was highligth with 2.9 t/ha yield. For the black currant cultivars the yield was much higher versus to the red currants yield, being between 3.0 t/ha to Poli 51 cultivar and 4.6 t / ha to Tisel cultivar
STUDY ON THE PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF AN ASSORTMENT OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE GROWN AT ARDS CARACAL
Get PDFJerusalem artichoke is a plant native to North America, having numerous features from the agronomic point of view, such high growth rate, good tolerance to frost, drought and poor soil, strong resistance to pests and plant diseases and very low requirements related the fertilizers. Usually, Jerusalem artichoke has been used for food or animal feed, but due his chemical compounds it starts to be used for the production of functional food ingredients such as inulin, oligofructose and fructose. The biomass is considered a rich source of ethanol and the production of biogas from Jerusalem artichoke is much higher compared to other energy crops. The variety is one of the main factors of technology, the cultivation of a variety should be done only after a prior test on its adaptability to natural environmental factors. In this paper we present the behavior of 4 tested variety of Jerusalem artichoke cultivated in the conditions of the argic chernozem from the Caracal Plain. The most valuable variety proved to be Olimp, which generate o biomass production of over 49 tons/ha, followed by Rareş variety with 43 tons/ha
STUDY CONCERNING THE EVOLUTION OF VINEYARDS IN THE NORTH WEST REGION OF ROMANIA AND IN CLUJ COUNTY
Get PDFThe study regarding the evolution of the vineyard surfaces on private property forms, in the North West development region as well as in Cluj Country, over the period 1990-2019, provides the creation of the main image describing the direction of development in the vine- and viticultural field, an important component of agriculture.Such an orientation has already emerged:the viticulture will be organized within the territorial limits of traditional areas.In the future, we foresee the establishment of new viticultural plantations, in areas with oenological potential.In Cluj Country, there is a fovourable direction in the development of viticultural areas.In 1990, the private form of vineyards was timidly represented, later it is described as a debut for the establishment of new vineyards in Cluj County, in Turda, on the Durgău hills, a place where vineyards have been cultivated for thousands of years. (Potaissa).In recent years, we can see an association between the culture of the vine and the tourist component of these areas, created and developed similarly within the local and regional tradition (from Transylvania)