Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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VIEWS ON SOME OF THE MORE IMPORTANT WEEDS FROM THE CORCOVA VITICULTURE PLANTATIONS
Get PDFThis paper presents an analysis of the seedlings found in the Corcova viticultural center, the degree of spreading, as well as some aspects related to their biology and ecology. Weeds are harmful to agriculture, fruit growing, vegetables and viticulture. The term weed is attributed to spontaneous, herbaceous plants that grow in cultivated or uncultivated places, their presence inducing harmful effects on useful plants. According to the place where they grow, two categories of weeds are distinguished: segetal weeds, they grow in cultivated places; ruderal weeds, grow in uncultivated places
RESEARCH ON MYCOBIOTA FOREST HABITATS IN "SILVOSTEPA OLTENIEI" (I)
Get PDFIn the protected area "Silvostepa Olteniei" are present 3 forest habitats with different area: 91M0, 91I0, 91E0. Studies are focused on the 3 forest habitats for several reasons: they are the most stable natural ecosystems, a synonym of their mycobiote can be established, fungi are a major component in the establishment of natural ecosystems...The main objective of our research is to make contributions to the corology of the area of mushroom species in forest habitats present in "Silvostepa Olteniei" and to come up with data and suggestions related to solving problems of local forestry interest.Following the determination of the collected material, an inventory was made containing 95 taxa which are either parasites on different grassy or woody species or saprofitons on various substrates
THE PRESENCE A THREATENED FERN, ASPLENIUM ADULTERINUM MILDE, IN MEHEDINŢI PLATEAU (ROMANIA)
Get PDFThis paper reports identification of serpentine fern, Asplenium adulterinum, in the South-Eastern Carpathians, Mehedinţi Plateau, on serpentine substrate, in a vegetative context specific to these rocks: Cheilantho marantae-Asplenietum cuneifolii Pinto da Silva 1965 ap. de Foucault 1986 association. In 2016 it was identified the Asplenium adulterinum fern on "Dealul cu zgură", to Obârsia Cloşani village. The perimeter under consideration is an enclave (rocks and serpentine screes) in a Quercus dalechampii and Fagus sylvatica forest. About a Threatened Fern, Asplenium adulterinum Milde, has recently published a study that analyzes all previous literature and herbarium material and indicates three new site for the species in Romania. Nevertheless, the three site are on limestone rocks, so the presence of the species in these site is doubtful
RESEARCH ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDUSTRY 4.0 IN INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
Get PDFIn the context of Industry 4.0, manufacturing systems are being upgraded to a smart level. Intelligent manufacturing takes advantage of advanced technologies, information and manufacturing to achieve flexible, intelligent and reconfigurable manufacturing processes in order to address a dynamic and global market. It allows all physical processes and information flows to be available, when and where they are needed across supply chains, multiple industries, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and large companies. Smart manufacturing requires certain core technologies to activate devices or machines in order to vary their behaviors in response to different situations and requirements based on past experiences and learning abilities. The technologies allow direct communication with the production, thus allowing the solution and adaptation of problems and decisions that must be taken in a timely manner
RESEARCH REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT USED IN WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES OF RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Get PDFModern aquaculture technologies are made with the help of recirculation systems, which require the use of innovative and high-performance solutions for the treatment of recirculated water. Aquaculture recirculation is essentially a technology for growing and developing fish or other aquatic organisms by reusing water for more intensive fish production. The technology is based on the use of mechanical and biological filters, and this ecological method can be implemented for any species cultivated in aquaculture, such as fish, shrimp, mussels, etc. The scientific paper presents a brief summary of the control and solution of the main problems faced by water recirculation systems
RESEARCH OF SOILS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FOR THE QUALITATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SEA BUCKTHORN
Get PDFSea buckthorn cultivation in the Republic of Moldova represents a young but profitable branch with development perspectives due to the nutritional value of the products, to the protection qualities of eroded soils and to the accumulation of biosynthesized nitrogen in the soil by the plant root system. The current sea buckthorn plantations in the Republic of Moldova occupy a very wide spectrum of soils and their textural varieties, from typical chernozems in Balti steppe (Sangerei district - Dobrogea Veche), to the gray and brown forest soils in the Central Moldavian Plateau - Codrilor Plateau (Orhei district - Putintei and Clisova, Calarasi district - Leordoaia) and the carbonate chernozems of the terraces of the Dniester river (Dubasari district - Pohrebea). The morphological description and the physical-chemical analysis allowed to highlight some ecological factors determining the productivity of the sea buckthorn plantations: degree of compaction, porosity, structure, moisture, effervescence - for several types and subtypes of soil, textural varieties, complexity of the soil cover, slope exposure and others. It was shown that typical chernozem and light gray soil have more favorable agro-physical conditions for sea buckthorn cultivation, compared to the brown soils and typical gray forest soils, heavy by texture. The high loam content, especially in the drought periods of the year, causes the processes of swelling-contraction. Disorders in the optimal development of plantations - insufficient development or total drying can occur as a result of exceeding soil moisture above the field capacity limit for water or below the wilting coefficient of the plant. In order to optimize the moisture regime depending on the soil texture and type, it is recommended to irrigate the sea buckthorn plantations established on chernozems. Gray and brown forest soils are not suitable for drip irrigation. In some periods, depending on the climatic conditions, there may be a need to optimize soil moisture. On the plantations with unsatisfactory development of sea buckthorn, it is recommended to monitor the bulk density, the soil penetration resistance depending on the hydro-physical constants and the accessibility of water for plants
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS CONCERNING THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRO-OSMOSIS ON DECREASING THE FORCES AND THE ENERGY NEEDED FOR TILLING THE SOIL
Get PDFElectro-osmosis principle consists in the application of a direct current voltage for an anode-cathode system introduced into soil. The effect of this system consists of the mobilization of water particles from the soil and their transport, in a very short time, from the anode to cathode. The soil water transported from the anode to cathode, on the tool-soil contact surface, in consequence, will produce a lubrication of the active surface and thereby a considerable reduction of the friction forces and implicitly of the energy necessary to move the tool through the soil
THE EFFECT OF DROUGHT ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SOME WOODY SPECIES FROM SOUTHWESTERN ROMANIA
Get PDFThe determinations carried out between July and September 2021 in the Comanesti Hills aimed to establish the effect of the prolonged drought in this area on the physiological processes in the young trees of the species Quercus cerris, Q. Robur and Q. freinetto. The results obtained showed that all three species were affected. It was found that drought reduce the amount of water in the leaves, change the ratio of free water / bound water, reduce photosynthesis. The reduction of the stomatal conductance was the main factor that led to the decrease of photosynthesis, but also the lower content of pigments can be considered a determining factor. The peculiarities of the leaves of the species Q cerris have constituted to a certain extent a protective factor for the young trees of this species
TAXONOMY, CHOROLOGY, ECOLOGY AND COENOLOGY OF THE ALCHEMILLA MONTICOLA SPECIES
Get PDFFor some polymorphic genera, such as Alchemilla (Fam. Rosaceae), widespread over large areas, it can be said that the taxonomy of species is difficult. Therefore, the aim was to know the Alchemilla species from the Romanian Carpathians in all aspects, in relation to the complex researches that are carried out from a taxonomic point of view at European level. The species Alchemilla monticola, presented in this paper, is thoroughly analyzed from the taxonomic, ecologic, chorologic, coenologic and even plantlet points of view. New additions have been made in respect of the chorology of this taxon in the Romanian Carpathians
THERMAL REGIME DURING COLD ACCLIMATION AND DORMANT SEASON OF GRAPEVINES IN CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGES- HILLS OF CRAIOVA VINEYARD (ROMANIA)
Get PDFThe thermal regime during the autumn-winter seasons plays a decisive role in cold acclimation and survival grapevine in cold climates. This study aims at assessing the time variability of the thermal regime during dormant season, between 1961-2021, in the Hills of Craiova vineyard and its potential implications on the grapevine, especially regarding its acclimation to cold and its vulnerability to frost. The following observations and analytical data were used in order to assess parameters and indicators with negative thermal stress potential: minimum and maximum temperature (daily, monthly averages), absolute maximum and minimum monthly temperatures, the duration of frost (days), the frequency of several low-temperature thresholds and the temperatures preceding frost episodes.  Â