Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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STUDY ON MONITORING AND COMBATING THE ATTACK OF TUTA ABSOLUTA ON TOMATOES CULTIVATED IN PROTECTED SPACES IN SOUTH ROMANIA
Get PDFLately, for tomatoes grown in protected spaces there is another limiting factor, an extremely dangerous pest (Tuta absoluta). Tuta absoluta is an extremely dangerous polyphagous insect. It belongs to the Gelechiidae family, Lepidoptera order. The pest is a small butterfly (moth), 5-7 mm long, brown with shades of dark gray. The larva is white-green, with a black head and a brown pupa. It has 12 generations per year. An adult female can have up to 250 eggs during her lifetime. The life cycle is completed in 30-40 days, but largely dependent on environmental conditions. It has 4 larval stages, wintering as an egg, pupa or adult. Moths are more active during the night, during the day being hidden among the leaves. Starting with 2020, in some protected spaces from well-known vegetable basins for growing tomatoes in South Romania, a study was initiated on monitoring the attack of Tuta absoluta. Preliminary results show that the pest is extremely harmful (sometimes the damage to tomato crops can be very high, even compromising the crop), and that chemical control measures, in the absence of agrophytotechnical measures, do not ensure good effectiveness
CEREAL STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS
Get PDFBy storing the cereals immediately after harvesting in warehouses, or silos, in layers with a height of 2-3 m, the phenomenon of heating inevitably occurs, which leads to a decrease in quality and even to the degradation of the products in a relatively short time. Proper aeration is one of the most important processes in a grain storage system and is essential for maintaining the quality of stored products. A properly used aeration system helps control insect infestations and moisture migration, reducing grain damage and saving money. The paper will present the results of experiments for storing grain in bulk, in a warehouse with floor ventilation channels, for different products, depending on the variable elements: layer height for various seeds, product humidity, air flow speed, etc
VARIABILITY OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS AT THE ISALNITA 43 GARDEN DWARF BEAN VARIETY IN THE PROCESS OF CONSERVATIVE SELECTION
Get PDFThe researches carried out at the Research and Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands from Dăbuleni, in the period 2018 - 2020 regarding the variability of the main quantitative characters, for the Işalniţa 43 dwarf garden bean variety showed differentiated results, depending on the climatic conditions of each study year. Through the statistical analysis of the main quantitative characters, the variety Işalniţa 43 presented a coefficient of variability (s%) small, medium and high for the studied characters. The calculation and analysis of variability showed a medium variability (15.04%) for plant height. low variability (7.77%) for pod length. low variability (6.98%) for pod thickness / width ratio and high variability (30.42%) for the number of pods / plant. The study of the coefficients of genotypic and phenotypic variation, are used to determine the genetic variability, and its correct estimation is an essential condition in the seed breeding and production program
CONTRIBUTIONS ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF AGROTEHNICAL METHODS OF LAND PREPARATION, IN VIEW THE ESTABILISHMENT OF TEMPORARY MEADOWS
Get PDFPerennial forage crops are very demanding to the quality of soil work, a requirement motivated primarily by the need to incorporate the seed at shallow depths, where it is necessary to maintain favorable soil moisture conditions throughout the germination period. It turned out that plowing at 24-25 cm in autumn and in the spring 1-2 threads, the last work in the ring roller, would be the best way to influence a meadow. The results showed that achieve large productions of over 9 tha su and with favorable economic effects
CHARACTERISTICS OF FIELD MAPLE STANDS FROM THE MOLDAVIAN PLAIN (ROMANIA)
Get PDFAcer genus comprises approx. 120 species, mostly trees and rarely shrubs. There are several species of this genus in Romania (8), both forest and ornamental. Acer campestre is a tree of the third size and a species of understory. The present study was conducted on field maple stands from the Moldavian Plain, Romania. A series of characteristics were studied, namely: altitude, slope, stand age, crown density, increments and stand volume. The area occupied by field maple in the Moldavian Plain is of 666.4 ha. The maximum altitude at which the studied species is found is 525 m
THE VARIABILITY OF SOME CHARACTERS AND THEIR CORRELATIONS WITH THE YIELD OF AN EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT OF AUTUMN WHEAT VARIETIES, TESTED ON THE CHERNOZEM FROM ARDS CARACAL
Get PDFIn 2021 year, 120 cultivars of winter wheat were tested on the Caracal chernozem in microplots. The following traits were determined: yield, thousand kernel weight, test weight, days from 01.01 to heading date. The variability of the characters was studied by the method of boxplots and variability coefficients. The obtained yield registered values between 12306 kg / ha for the Romanian cultivar Ursita and 5803 kg / ha for the KWS Marvel cultivar. The plant height had values between 110 cm for the Kapitol cultivar and 69 cm for the Avenue cultivar. The test weight showed values in the range 78 kg / hl (Apexus) - 64.2 kg / hl (Atuan). The thousand kernel weight recorded values between 47.2 g for the SY Starlord cultivar and 29.29 g for the Amburgo cultivar. The period from 01.01 to heading date lasted between 143 days (Sophie and Lennox) and 123 days (Tata Mata and Felix). The highest coefficient of variability was presented by the yield, this being over 10%. The lowest variability was registered by the test weight and the period from 01.01 to heading date, the values being around 3%. The analysis of the variability of the yield by the boxplot method highlighted a negative outlier (KWS Marvel cultivar). From the point of view of plant height, by the same method, three positive outliers were observed - Kapitol, Bezostaia and Exotic. Their height - 110, 109, and 108 cm, respectively, is significantly larger than that of all other cultivars. The values of the calculated correlation coefficients suggested that in the climatic conditions of 2020-2021 agricultural year, the yield was not correlated with any of the studied characters, the coefficients being below 0.21 (the value from which the correlation could be considered significant at P = 5%)
STUDY OF SOME PEDOCLIMATE FACTORS THAT CHARACTERIZE THE VINEYARD AREA FROM DRAGASANI
Get PDFThis paper presents geological aspects regarding the territory of Dragasani vineyard, an area belonging to the molasses area known in the literature as Getic Depression, an area located on Pleistocene deposits made of clays, sands and gravels
STUDIES ON THE CONVERSION FROM A CONVENTIONAL AGRICULTURE SYSTEM TO AN ECOLOGICAL AND BIODYNAMIC ONE, WITHIN THE FARM "TERRA NOSTRA ECOLAND FARMS" BAILESTI, DOLJ - ROMANIA
Get PDFTraditional and natural agriculture has been practiced for centuries in Romania. However, in recent years, agriculture has taken a different approach due to the fact that substance and medium sized farmers no longer have access to markets. The inception of cheap and highly subsidized industrial food is a reason for this phenomenon. On the other hand, most farmers have moved away from traditional and indigenous agriculture, gradually losing their livelihoods due to the mass emergence of high-cost pesticides, use of hybrids and other agricultural resources which are also responsible for the low level of employment in rural areas. Simultaneously, traditional and indigenous agriculture has been negatively affected as a result of monopolistic and industrial marketing, thus depriving farmers of their rights to their own seed resources for farming. For this reason, it is important to support subsistence farms and agricultural production that originates in the region and can be managed efficiently with the resources at their disposal.At the end of the conversion period, it was discovered that farms designed in this way produce healthy food, through the resulting soil fertility, increased plant vitality as well as proper and efficient animal attributes. At the same time, such farms develop a cultural landscape capable of development and regeneration in the sense of nature conservation. Thus, such a model can be successfully practiced by all farmers in the Oltenia Romania region, but also in all the country and of course in other European countries
REVIEW OF THE MAIN EQUIPMENT USED FOR SEPARATING CONTAMINANTS FROM WHEAT SEEDS, CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO THEIR FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Get PDFWheat seed cleaning require a complex set of operations to be performed in order to remove impurities from the grain mass and obtain high quality final products. These operations are carried out in a technological flow, starting from harvesting until the final processing stage, depending on the crop destination. The stages used to clean the wheat grain are usually following the operations: cleaning in aerodynamic separators, cleaning with sieves, sorting in indent cylinder separator, additional cleaning in special cleaning machines. The paper presents a synthesis of the primary processing phases of wheat seeds for the use in the food industry depending on their functional role
LEVELS OF LEAD AND CADMIUM ON WHEAT FLOURS ON THE ROMANIAN MARKET: AN ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS
Get PDFCereal industry and its derived products, especially wheat flour, have a big economic and social importance in Romania and worldwide. Therefore, as wheat flour is the main ingredient for obtaining bread, the most consumed product among Romanian people, its safety is of real wide interest.The present work aims to determine the concentrations of Lead and Cadmium in 33 different wheat flour samples, available on the Romanian market. Analysis was performed by atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace (GF-AAS), after dry digestion. Lead content ranged between 0.002 and 0.137 mg/kg while cadmium content ranged between 0.0002 and 0.024 mg/kg. All samples were within the accepted limits, imposed by the legislation in force