Rumah Jurnal Online - Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
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Evaluasi Pewadahan Sampah Berdasarkan Perilaku Masyarakat (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Karang Rejo Kota Balikpapan)
No full textTransfer Station is one of the most important parts of waste management operational aspects. The condition of Transfer Station container is often neglected whether it meets the standards based on SNI 19-2454-2002 and Minister of Public Works Regulation Number 3 of 2013 concerning waste containers. The container of Transfer Station can be seen from the characteristics of it such as the shape, nature and material. Waste problems in Karang Rejo Village are caused by several factors such as the decrease in quality, the distribution of Transfer Station points, and community’s behaviour in disposing the solid waste. This study aims to analyze the distribution and provision of Transfer Station, analyze community behavior in disposing of waste and evaluate Transfer Station in Karang Rejo Village based on community behavior in waste disposal. This research is a qualitative research, the research procedures carried out are observation, identification of the provision and distribution of Transfer Station, analysis of Transfer Station conditions in a descriptive qualitative way, distribution and collection of questionnaires, data processing and the evaluation stage of waste containers according to people's behavior in disposing of waste. The results showed that in Karang Rejo Village there were 16 Transfer Station units where the distribution of it, was disproportionate, in terms of supply there were 8 out of 16 Transfer Station units whose buildings were in damaged condition (percentage <60%), 99% of the behavior of the Karang Rejo Village community in disposing of garbage by how to get off the vehicle and throw garbage into the Transfer Station and 90% of the Karang Rejo Village community did not know information about waste containers. The evaluation results showed that the Transfer Station in Karang Rejo Village was not in accordance with the standards and there were 10 units that required total renovation, and 6 units requires the addition of components such as lids on containers.Permasalahan persampahan di Kelurahan Karang Rejo disebabkan beberapa faktor seperti penurunan kualitas TPS, persebaran titik TPS, serta perilaku masyarakat dalam membuang sampah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persebaran dan penyediaan TPS, menganalisis perilaku masyarakat dalam melakukan pembuangan sampah dan mengevaluasi TPS di Kelurahan Karang Rejo berdasarkan perilaku masyarakat dalam membuang sampah dan SNI 19-2454-2002. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, prosedur penelitian yang dilakukan adalah observasi, identifikasi penyediaan dan persebaran TPS, analisis kondisi TPS secara deskriptif kualitatif, penyebaran dan pengumpulan kuesioner, pengolahan data dan tahap evaluasi pewadahan sampah sesuai perilaku masyarakat dalam membuang sampah dan SNI 19-2454-2002. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada Kelurahan Karang Rejo terdapat 16 TPS dimana persebaran TPS tidak proporsional, dari segi penyediaan terdapat 8 dari 16 TPS yang memiliki persentase kondisi bangunan dibawah 60%, sebesar 99% perilaku masyarakat Kelurahan Karang Rejo dalam membuang sampah dengan cara turun dari kendaraan dan membuang sampah ke dalam TPS serta sebesar 90% masyarakat Kelurahan Karang Rejo tidak mengetahui informasi tentang pewadahan sampah, hasil evaluasi menunjukan TPS pada Kelurahan Karang Rejo tidak sesuai dengan SNI 19-2454-2002 dan terdapat 10 TPS yang memerlukan renovasi secara total, 6 TPS yang memerlukan renovasi tidak total
Pemanfaatan Limbah Organik Tulang Ayam dan Sisa Nasi Sebagai Pakan Larva Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia illucens L.)
Full text linkOrganic waste originating from restaurants brings problems to the environment because it can cause bad smells and environmental pollution. To reduce this pollution, organic waste can be decomposed and used as feed for black soldier fly (BSF) larvae can be useful as fish or poultry feed with high nutrition. Therefore, this research aimed to determine and study the feeding of organic waste, namely leftover rice and chicken bones, on the growth of BSF larvae. The resesearch was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 feeding treatments consist of leftover rice, chicken bones, and combination of leftover rice and chicken bones; and control treatment used T-51 pig feed. All teratments used triplicates. Data obtained from this study consist of BSF larvae growth parameter for 12 days, and proximate analysis of the feed and BSF larvae. Results showed that larvae fed with a combination of leftover rice and chicken bones was the best treatment to support the groeth of BSF larvae as shown by values of waste reduction index (WRI) 0,034 g/day, substrate reduction 51%, and 98 % of BSF larvae survival rate 98% in 12 days
Produksi Biomassa, Analisis Nutrisi dan Senyawa Bioaktif Jamur Grigit (Schizophyllum commune)
Full text linkSchizophyllum commune, a wild edible mushroom, has gained significant attention due to its potential as a valuable source of biomass, nutrients, and bioactive compounds. This study aims to explore the production of mycelial biomass and analyze its nutrient and bioactive compound content to be applied as a raw material in food production. The Schizophyllum commune was cultivated in potato dextrose broth media with temperature (25, 30, 35, and 40oC) and pH treatments (3, 7, and 8) to determine the optimal conditions for biomass production. Mycelia biomass was harvested and extracted. Nutrient and bioactive compounds were analyzed. Results showed that 30oC and pH 7 give the highest biomass production. Proximate analysis revealed that the mushroom's mycelia biomass contained high protein, low fat, and fiber. The analysis also demonstrated a rich profile of bioactive compounds, including flavonoid and phenolic compounds, respectively1 2,32 ± 0,95 dan 415,72 ± 15,23 g/100 g mycelia dry weight. Schizophyllum commune exhibits promising prospects for mycelial biomass production
Perancangan Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Berdasarkan Kebutuhan dan Pola Perilaku Pengguna
No full text Life expectancy in Indonesia has significantly increased. The 2010 census shows that the Indonesian population has a life expectancy of up to 70.7 years. As for Medan, life expectancy increased to 73.14 in 2020, with 129,063 older people. The number of residents is considered unbalanced with the number of available nursing homes, and there are still few nursing homes with adequate facilities. Nursing homes are also often seen as an act of alienation for the elderly; they are considered harmful. Therefore, nursing homes will implement a behavioural architecture, which is an architecture that, in its application, always includes considerations of user behaviour in its design. This research aims to make a nursing home a facility that can make the elderly comfortable and safe by considering their needs and behaviour patterns. The method used is a qualitative approach in which data is collected through observation, field surveys, literature studies, and comparative studies. The results show that the design of the nursing home must support and meet the needs of the elderly, who tend to require their territory, need an area with a good view, a bright and quiet environment, and can socialize easily. The results of this study can be used as a basis for designing nursing homes in the future.Angka harapan hidup di Indonesia telah meningkat secara nyata. Hasil sensus 2010 menunjukkan bahwa penduduk Indonesia memiliki harapan hidup hingga mencapai usia 70,7 tahun. Adapun pada Kota Medan harapan hidup meningkat yaitu di angka 73.14 pada tahun 2020 dengan jumlah penduduk lanjut usia (lansia) yaitu sebesar 129.063 jiwa. Banyaknya penduduk tersebut dianggap tidak seimbang dengan panti sosial yang tersedia serta masih sedikit panti sosial yang memiliki fasilitas memadai. Panti sosial tresna werdha juga kerap dipandang sebagai tindakan pengasingan para lansia sehingga kerap dianggap sebagai hal yang negatif. Maka dari itu,Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha akan menerapkan Arsitektur Perilaku, Dimana arsitektur perilaku merupakan arsitektur yang dalam penerapannya selalu menyertakan pertimbangan-pertimbangan perilaku pengguna dalam perancangannnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang panti sosial tresna werdha sebagai fasilitas yang dapat membuat lansia nyaman dan aman dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan dan pola perilaku pengguna. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang mana data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, survei lapangan, studi literatur dan studi banding. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perancangan bangunan panti sosial tresna werdha harus mendukung dan memenuhi kebutuhan para lansia yang cenderung memerlukan teritorinya sendiri, menginginkan area dengan view yang baik, lingkungan yang terang, tenang serta dapat bersosialisasi dengan mudah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar bahan kajian dalam perancangan bangunan panti sosial tresna werdha
POLA PERILAKU PENGHUNI DI DALAM HUNIAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19
No full textDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, housing is not only a protector and a shelter; it also accommodates all activities, both working and studying. The changes that have occurred as a result of the stay-at-home policy have made residents make various changes to their activities and adjustments to their homes. This study aims to reveal the correlational relationship between perceptions of satisfaction, changes in activities, and housing adjustments during the COVID-19 pandemic. so that it can be determined what the pattern of behaviour in the house was during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses qualitative methods in the first stage and quantitative methods in the second stage. The first stage investigates all changes in activity and adjustments made in the house during the pandemic. The second stage reveals the relationship between activities, mental adjustment, and perceived satisfaction in housing, including productive groups, family-oriented groups, and self-oriented groups. Productive groups tend to correlate with forms of adaptation in the form of cleaning activities, semi-public activities, and adjustments through the configuration of space and functions. Then, closeness to a family group tends to correlate with diversification activities such as online activities, online shopping, cleaning activities, room cleanliness, and increased space privacy. Meanwhile, self-oriented groups tend to correlate with activities in the room, recreational activities, and privacy enhancements. The behavioural patterns of occupants in housing during the COVID-19 pandemic that were found in this study can contribute to future residential design considerations.Di masa pandemi Covid-19, hunian tidak lagi berfungsi sebagai pelindung dan berteduh. Hunian juga dapat mewadahi segala kegiatan baik untuk bekerja maupun belajar. Perubahan yang terjadi akibat adanya kebijakan tetap di rumah saja membuat penghuni melakukan berbagai perubahan kegiatan dan penyesuaian hunian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap hubungan korelasional antara persepsi kepuasan, perubahan kegiatan, dan penyesuaian hunian saat pandemic Covid-19. Sehingga dapat diperoleh bagaimana pola perilaku di dalam hunian saat pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif pada tahap pertama dan kuantitatif pada tahap kedua. Tahap pertama mengeksplorasi perubahan kegiatan dan penyesuaian yang dilakukan di dalam hunian pada saat sebelum dan saat pandemi . Tahap kedua mengungkap hubungan korelasional antara kegiatan, penyesuaian jhunia, dan persepsi kepuasan di dalam hunian. Dari hasil analisis korelasi multivariat terungkap bahwa secara umum, terdapat pola perilaku penghuni berdasarkan persepsi kepuasan di dalam hunian, diantaranya kelompok produktif, dekat dengan keluarga, dan orientasi pada diri. Kelompok produktif cenderung berkorelasi dengan bentuk adaptasi berupa kegiatan kebersihan, kegiatan semi publik, dan penyesuaian melalui konfigurasi ruang dan fungsinya. Sedangkan kelompok dekat dengan keluarga cenderung berkorelasi dengan kegiatan diversifikasi seperti aktivitas online, belanja online, aktivitas kebersihan, kebersihan ruang, dan peningkatan privasi ruang. Sementara kelompok yang berorientasi pada diri cenderung berkorelasi dengan kegiatan di dalam kamar, kegiatan rekreatif. dan peningkatan privasi. Adapun pola perilaku penghuni di dalam hunian pada saat pandemi Covid-19 yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini dapat berkotribusi dalam pertimbangan perancangan hunian di kemudian hari
Economic value estimation of Sontoh Laut mangrove ecosystem, Surabaya, Indonesia
Full text linkMangrove ecosystems provide many benefits both indirectly (non-economic value) or directly (economic value) to human life. Mangrove ecosystem has a role as nursery ground, feeding ground, and spawning ground for a number of associated biotas. Mangroves also play the role of pollutant absorbers and abrasion prevention. This study aims to estimate the total economic value (TEV) of Sontoh Laut mangrove ecosystem in Tambak Sarioso Village, Asemrowo District, Surabaya, Indonesia. Using total economic valuation methodology, the economic value of Sontoh Laut mangrove ecosystem is estimated IDR 7,976,672,305. The value of direct use as milkfish ponds, salt ponds, and tourism in the amount of IDR 1,551,435,267. Indirect use value as feeding, nursery, and spawning ground and coastal protection in the amount of IDR 4,921,379,060. Option value (biodiversity), existence value, and bequest value are IDR 2,026,451, IDR 1,346,688,000, and IDR 155,143,526, respectively. The results of the study show that the mangrove resources must be managed based on sustainable basis in line with balanced economic development
Active Materiality sebagai Basis Perancangan Arsitektur dalam Merespons Polusi
No full textThis paper describes the architectural design process based on an understanding of living materials’ properties and their growth process in response to pollution. The development of the design method was based on the existence of living materials and their potential to be the active unit of architecture. Living materials could actively grow and adapt through their reactions to external factors, in this case, pollution, allowing the material to be in a passive phase temporarily due to the forces. This paper focuses on the development of design methods based on the understanding of algae, fungi, and lichen as the living materials that will detect and detoxify air and soil pollution around Daan Mogot, West Jakarta. By conducting research through design, this paper then proposes architectural design by injecting the active-passive growth process of living materials (algae, fungi, and lichen) into the context using split and absorb mechanisms. In response to pollution, the active and passive schemes of living materials become the foundation of architectural design. This paper then proposes the term "active materiality," considering the existence and capability of the living materials as the active unit. The development of an architectural design method in this study demonstrates the possibility of design ideas to enhance dialogue between humans, other living things, and the environment and to develop programming to respond to environmental issues.Tulisan ini menjelaskan proses perancangan arsitektur berdasarkan pemahaman mengenai proses pertumbuhan material hidup dalam meresponspolusi. Pengembangan metode desain dilakukan berdasarkan kehadiran material hidup dan potensinya sebagai unit aktif dalam arsitektur. Material hidup secara aktif mampu bertumbuh dan beradaptasi dengan faktor eksternal, dalam hal ini, polusi sehingga memungkinkan material tersebut berada dalam fase pasif sementara. Tulisan ini kemudian berfokus pada pengembangan metode perancangan berdasarkan pemahaman terhadap alga, jamur, dan lumut kerak sebagai material hidup yang mampu mendeteksi dan mengurangi polusi udara serta tanah di Kawasan Daan Mogot, Jakarta Barat. Melalui penelitian perancangan, tulisan ini kemudian menggagas rancangan arsitektur dengan menginjeksi proses aktif-pasif pertumbuhan material hidup (alga, jamur, dan lumut kerak) dalam konteks melalui mekanisme “split” (memisahkan) dan “absorb” (menyerap). Skema aktif dan pasif dari material hidup tersebut dijadikan sebagai basis perancangan arsitektur dalam merespons polusi. Istilah “active materiality” diajukan dalam tulisan ini dengan mempertimbangkan kehadiran dan kemampuan material hidup sebagai unit aktif. Pengembangan metode perancangan arsitektur dalam studi ini mendemonstrasikan kemungkinan ide perancangan yang dapat meningkatkan dialog antara manusia, makhluk hidup lainnya, dan juga lingkungan dalam mengembangkan pemrograman yang merespons isu lingkungan
Analisis Daya Dukung Tata Air untuk Monitoring Kinerja Pengelolaan DAS Poleang, Sulawesi Tenggara
Full text linkThe carrying capacity of water resources for various uses is highly dependent on the condition of the quality, quantity and continuity of water in a watershed. The lack of research conducted in the Poleang Watershed greatly limits information regarding the carrying capacity of the watershed. This study aims to determine the carrying capacity of the watershed based on water management indicators in the Poleang watershed. The method used in this study uses Minister of Forestry No. P.61/Menhut-II/2014 concerning monitoring and evaluation of watershed management with 5 parameters namely Flow Regime Coefficient, Annual Flow Coefficient, Sediment Load, Flood, and Water Use Index. The results showed that KRA in the Poleang watershed was in the category of KRA ≤ 20 with very low class, KAT was in the category of 0.2 < KAT ≤0.3 with low class, MS reached 97.25 tons/day so it was in the category of M> 20 with very high class, flooding occurs 1 time a year with high class, IPA reaches 1,299.9, so it is in the category of IPA ≤1,700 with very bad class. So that it can be concluded that the carrying capacity of the Poleang water system is included in the medium carrying capacity classDaya dukung sumberdaya air untuk berbagai peruntukan sangat tergantung pada kondisi kualitas, kuantitas dan kontinuitas air pada suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai. Minimnya penelitian yang dilakukan di DAS Poleang sangat membatasi informasi mengenai daya dukung DAS tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya dukung DAS berdasarkan indikator tata air di DAS Poleang, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Permenhut RI No. P.61/Menhut-II/2014 tentang monitoring dan evalusi pengelolaan DAS dengan 5 parameter yaitu Koefisien Rezim Aliran (KRA), Koefisien Aliran Tahunan (KAT), Muatan Sedimen (MS), Banjir, dan Indek Pengunaan Air (IPA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KRA DAS Poleang masuk kategori nilai KRA ≤ 20 dengan kelas sangat rendah, KAT masuk kategori 0,2< KAT ≤0,3 dengan kelas rendah, MS mencapai 97,25 ton/hari sehingga masuk kategori nilai M > 20 dengan kelas sangat tinggi, banjir terjadi 1 kali dalam setahun dengan kelas tinggi, IPA mencapai 1.299,9, sehingga masuk kategori nilai IPA ≤1.700 dengan kelas sangat jelek. Berdasarkan hasil analisis daya dukung DAS Poleang berdasarkan kondisi tata air masuk pada kategori 90< DDD ≤110 dengan kelas daya dukung sedan
Penerapan Budaya K3 Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Department of Mining PT Semen Baturaja
Full text linkThe company's goals will be achieved when it has good and qualified human resources. One of indicator that company has a good human resources governance, is when it puts safety and health of its employees as priority. The company through the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) program, tries to protect its employees in all forms of work activities, as an effort to keep its workers away from accidents or injuries while working. This is also an effort to avoid diseases that occur in the short or long term due to the work that employees do in the company. Department of Mining at PT Semen Baturaja Tbk is one of departement whose activity in working process has high potential risk and danger. This research aims to know the impact of the implementation of OHS culture in the Department of Mining and how deep the implementation of OHS culture effects employee’s performance in working. Multiple Linear Regression Test in the SPSS 18 program is used to examine the data obtained through questionnaires and interviews, the value of the impact of implementing OHS culture on employee performance within the Department of Mining at PT Semen Baturaja will be known. From the analysis conducted, known that the regression coefficient X1 is 0.281, and the regression coefficient X2 is 0.577. From the F Test that conducted, it is obtained that t value is bigger than t table, means that the OHS culture factor has a significant impact on employee performance with a coefficient of determination is 16.5%. Thus, we can conclude that factor of implementing OHS culture has a real impact on employee performance within the Department of Mining at PT Semen Baturaja tbk.Tujuan perusahaan akan dapat dipenuhi bila perusahaan tersebut dapat menangani Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang dimilikinya secara baik. Salah satunya adalah dengan memperhatikan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pegawainya, merupakan gambaran tata kelola SDM yang baik. Perusahaan melalui program Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) berusaha melindungi pegawainya, di segala bentuk kegiatan pekerjaan sebagai usaha dalam menjaga pekerjanya agar terjaga dari kecelakaan atau cidera ketika bekerja juga sebagai upaya menghindar dari penyakit yang terjadi baik jangka pendek atau jangka panjang akibat dari pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan karyawan di perusahaan tersebut. Departement of Mining PT Semen Baturaja Tbk merupakan satu unit kerja yang proses kegiatannya memiliki potensi resiko dan bahaya yang sedikit tinggi. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini bertujuan melihat telah sejauh mana penerapan budaya K3 di unit kerja Department of Mining serta seberapa efektif penerapan budaya K3 yang sudah dilaksanakan pihak perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode survey atau pengamatan langsung dilapangan. Pengolahan data dengan memakai Uji Regresi Linier Berganda pada program SPSS 18 dan data yang didapat berasal dari kuisioner yang disebar dan wawancara pada responden. Dari analisis yang dilakukan didapatkan koefisien regresi X1 yaitu 0,281, dan koefisien regresi X2 yaitu 0,577. Dari Uji F yang telah dikerjakan didapat bahwasannya t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel, maknanya faktor penerapan budaya K3 memiliki dampak signifikan pada kinerja karyawan dengan koefisien determinasi yaitu 16,5%. Dengan demikian dapat ditarik satu kesimpulan bahwasanya faktor penerapan budaya K3 memiliki dampak nyata pada kinerja karyawan di lingkungan Departemen of Mining di PT Semen Baturaja tbk
Dekontaminasi Parameter Biologi dan Pathogen Menggunakan Biofilm Konsorsium Bergerak Dilanjutkan dengan Intergrasi Pengolahan Fisik (Pengendapan-Sterilisasi) Secara Simultan
Full text linkThe amount of domestic wastewater without prior treatment is discharged into water bodies so that it is felt that the quality is decreasing day by day. Organic content and microorganisms are a concern in terms of quality. The high content of organic and microorganisms such as Total coliform. Decreasing these parameters is the main goal in this study. In the aerobic process, organic processing uses an air supply of 20 L/min in suspended and attached treatment for attached media using K5 caldnes media and spiked bioball, each of which is 30% of the reactor volume, preceded by the seeding and acclimatization process. Variations in processing time used were suspended for 2 hours and attached for 6 hours and vice versa. Furthermore, it is processed by simultaneous physical processing, namely the process of deposition and sterilization with exposure and deposition times of 2 to 6 hours. Based on the results of the study showed that seeding and acclimatization were carried out for 21 days. The best processing was obtained using suspension for 2 hours, attached for 6 hours on kaldnes K5 media and precipitation as well as exposure to ultraviolet light for 6 hours showed a decrease in COD of 92.85% and for Total coliforms of 98.67%.
Keywords: domestic, organic, media, ultravioletBanyaknya air limbah domestik tanpa pengolahan terlebih dahulu dibuang ke air badan air sehingga dirasa semakin hari kualitas menjadi menurun. Kandungan organik dan mikroorganisme menjadi perhatian dalam segi kualitas. Tingginya kandungan organik dan mikrooorganisme seperti Total coliform. Penurunan parameter tersebut sebagai tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini. Pada proses aerob, pengolahan organik menggunakan pasokan udara sebesar 20 L/menit pada pengolahan secara tersuspensi dan terlekat untuk media terlekat menggunakan media kaldnes K5 dan bioball berduri masing-masing 30 % dari volume reaktor yang didahuili proses seeding dan aklimatisas. Variasi waktu pengolahan yang digunakan adalah tersuspensi 2 jam dan terlekat selama 6 jam serta sebaliknya. Selanjutnya diolah dengan pengolahan secara fisik secara simultan yakni proses pengendapan dan sterilisasi dengan waktu paparan dan pengendapan yakni 2 hingga 6 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil seeding dan aklimatisasi dilakukan selama 21 hari. Didapatkan pengolahan terbaik menggunakan tersuspensi 2 jam, terlekat 6 jam pada media kaldnes K5 dan pengendapan sekaligus paparan sinar ultraviolet selama 6 jam menunjukkan hasil penurunan COD sebesar 92,85 % dan untuk Total coliform sebesar 98,67 %. Kata Kunci: domestik, organik, media, ultraviole