Rumah Jurnal Online - Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
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Pemanfaatan Kulit Singkong sebagai Adsorben dalam Menurunkan Kadar BOD, COD di Air Waduk Manggar Kota Balikpapan
Full text linkBalikpapan City is a city that does not have a large river to supply raw water like in several other cities, so to meet the water needs of the community, the main source of raw water is obtained from surface water from the Manggar Reservoir. The presence of high amounts of organic contaminants such as BOD and COD will affect water quality if treatment is not carried out to reduce these pollutants. One of the efforts that can be made to reduce pollutant levels is by the adsorption process using natural adsorbents, namely activated carbon from cassava peels. This research was conducted to find out how the effect of mass, contact time and the effectiveness of adsorbents from activated carbon of cassava peels in reducing BOD and COD levels in Manggar reservoir water, Balikpapan City. The adsorption process was carried out using variations in mass of 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 gr and contact time variations of 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. Based on the results of the study, the efficiency of reducing the BOD concentration of the adsorbent of activated carbon from cassava peels was 95.06% from the initial concentration of 8.3 mg/L to 0.41 mg/L at the optimum mass of 5 grams and the efficiency of reducing the COD concentration was 100% of the initial concentration of 28.54 mg/L to 0 mg/L at an optimum mass of 3 grams with a contact time of 30 minutes. From the results of the statistical analysis tests performed, it was found that the mass variation of the adsorbent did not significantly affect the decrease in BOD and COD concentrations, while the contact time had a significant effect only on the decrease in BOD concentrations.Kota Balikpapan merupakan Kota yang tidak memiliki sungai besar untuk memasok air baku seperti di be erapa Kota lainnya, sehingga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bagi masyarakat, sumber air baku utama yaitu diperoleh dari air permukaan yang berasal dari Waduk Manggar. Adanya bahan pencemar organik dalam jumlah yang tinggi seperti BOD dan COD akan mempengaruhi kualitas air jika tidak dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu untuk mengurangi polutan tersebut. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan kadar polutan yaitu dengan proses adsorpsi memakai adsorben alami yaitu karbon aktif dari kulit singkong. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari massa, waktu kontak serta efektivitas adsorben dari karbon aktif kulit singkong dalam penurunan kadar BOD dan COD pada air waduk Manggar Kota Balikpapan. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi massa sebanyak 1, 3, 5, 7, dan 9 gr serta variasi waktu kontak 30, 45, 60, 75 dan 90 menit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, efisiensi penurunan konsentrasi BOD dari adsorben karbon aktif kulit singkong yaitu sebesar 95,06% dari konsentrasi awal yaitu sebesar 8,3 mg/L menjadi 0,41 mg/L pada massa optimum yaitu 5 gram dan efisiensi penurunan konsentrasi COD sebesar 100% dari konsentrasi awal yaitu sebesar 28,54 mg/L menjadi 0 mg/L pada massa optimum 3 gram dengan waktu kontak selama 30 menit. Dari hasil uji analisis statistik yang dilakukan didapatkan bahwa variasi massa adsorben tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penurunan konsentrasi BOD dan COD, sedangkan waktu kontak berpengaruh signifikan hanya terhadap penurunan konsentrasi BOD
Gambaran Kualitas Lingkungan Sungai Cimandiri Akibat Cemaran Merkuri di Wilayah Penambangan Emas Skala Kecil (PESK) Kabupaten Sukabumi
Full text linkIn Indonesia, ASGM has increased. This results in an increased risk of mercury pollution in the environment (Minamata Initial Assessment Report, 2019). The amalgamation process for ASGM in Sukabumi, it used mercury as basic material for amalgamation process. It can increase to negative impacts on the environment and humans. This study aims to describe the impact of mercury contamination on the environmental quality of the Cimandiri River around ASGM in Sukabumi District. This research was conducted using a laboratory test method with reference to PP No. 22 at 2021 and SNI 7387 at 2009. The results of the tests found that the highest mercury exposure occurred in aquatic biota (catfish, snakehead and eel) which exceeded the quality standard, although the media water and sediment does not exceed the quality standard. This indicates that the quality of the Cimandiri River is unsafe for biota due to mercury contamination in local biota around ASGM. Therefore, there is a need for further studies on the safety of local food products from the Cimandiri River
Optimization of RNA Extraction from Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Full text linkRNA extraction is the critical initial stage in analyzing certain gene expressions, further analysis using Real Time PCR technology, and performing virus detection. However, the process of extracting RNA is often hampered by the risk of contamination, resulting in low concentrations of RNA and low purity of RNA. This is often an obstacle in extracting mosquito RNA especially detecting Dengue Virus (Den-V). Dengue virus (Den-V) can cause dangerous diseases in humans such as Dengue Fever (DHF) which is transmitted through the bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. This study aims to find out the effective steps for extracting RNA from Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The method being compared is a commercial RNA extraction kit with modification (addition of β-mercaptoethanol) and without modification. The results showed that the best DNA concentration and purity were obtained in mosquito samples from modified process. The purity ratio of RNA extracted without modification was 1.971 (0.021 ± 0.800) while with modification it was 2.003 (0.011 ± 0.112). Aedes aegypti had a better average concentration of 7.146 µg/ml for unmodified RNA and 7.613 µg/ml for modified RNA. This research is expected to be a reference for further studies on viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Biokatalisator Cairan Rusip dalam Mereduksi Limbah Ikan menjadi Pupuk Organik Cair
Full text linkRusip is known to contain fermenting microbes such as lactic acid bacteria, fungi, and yeast which are almost similar to EM4. The content of bacteria contained in rusip liquid has the potential to be used as a local biocatalyst, one of which is in reducing waste in the manufacture of liquid organic fertilizer. This study aimed to examine the potential of rusip as a biocatalyst by knowing its effect in reducing fish waste into liquid organic fertilizer with different concentrations. Fertilizer was made by fermenting 200 g of fish waste with a concentration of 30%, 40% and 50% rusip liquid for 7 days. As a control treatment, 40% EM4 was used because this treatment gave the best results in decomposing fish waste in the manufacture of POC from previous studies. The results showed that the concentration of the rusip liquid biocatalyst had an effect on reducing fish waste into liquid organic fertilizer. The highest reduced waste weight and liquid fertilizer volume were produced by the P3 treatment, namely 78.7 g and 67 ml. The lowest pH value was obtained by the control treatment of 4.73 and followed by the P3 treatment of 4.9. The highest nitrogen value was obtained from the P3 treatment of 0.77%. The most dominant fertilizer characteristic was produced by the P3 treatment which produced the same visual characteristics of the fertilizer as the control treatment.Rusip diketahui mengandung mikroba fermentasi seperti bakteri asam laktat, jamur, dan khamir yang hampir serupa dengan EM4. Kandungan bakteri yang terdapat di dalam cairan rusip berpotensi dijadikan sebagai biokatalisator lokal salah satunya dalam mereduksi limbah pada pembuatan pupuk organik cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi rusip sebagai biokatalisator dengan mengetahui pengaruhnya dalam mereduksi limbah ikan menjadi pupuk organik cair dengan konsentrasi berbeda. Pembuatan pupuk dilakukan dengan memfermentasikan limbah ikan sebanyak 200 g dengan konsentrasi cairan rusip 30%, 40%, dan 50% selama 7 hari. Sebagai perlakuan kontrol digunakan EM4 40% karena perlakuan tersebut memberikan hasil terbaik dalam menguraikan limbah ikan pada pembuatan POC dari penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menyatakan konsentrasi biokatalisator cairan rusip berpengaruh dalam mereduksi limbah ikan menjadi pupuk organik cair. Bobot limbah tereduksi dan volume cairan pupuk terbanyak dihasilkan oleh perlakuan P3 yaitu 78,7 g dan 67 ml. Nilai pH terendah diperoleh perlakuan kontrol sebesar 4,73 dan diikuti perlakuan P3 yaitu 4,9. Nilai nitrogen tertinggi diperoleh dari perlakuan P3 sebesar 0,77%. Karakteristik pupuk yang paling dominan dihasilkan perlakuan P3 yang menghasilkan karakteristik visual pupuk sama dengan perlakuan Kontrol
Analisis Mikrobiologi Dengke Naniura Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio L) Terhadap Pengaruh Konsentrasi Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC)
Full text linkDengke naniura is a traditional fermented food made from carp which is often consumed in the traditional ceremonies of the Batak people. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) the best concentration of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) on microbes in dengke naniura. The method used in this research is an experimental method. The experimental design that will be used is a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 4 variations of andaliman concentrations of 0 g (A0), 25 g (A1), 27.5 g (A2), 30 ( A3). Dengke naniura’s microbial testing was carried out at the Samudra University Laboratory. The best concentration after addition andaliman to the microbial colonies that appeared after incubation was at the A3 (30 g) concentration. The number of microbes that can be counted on the addition 30 g andaliman is 3.66 x 104 colonies/g had met the standardization of SNI for food maximum 5.0 x 105 colonies/g
Keragaman Morfologi Bakteri Nitrifikasi Asal Kompos Kotoran Domba pada Peternakan Domba dengan Sistem Bedding
Full text linkThe application of compost bedding system on sheep farm is a technology to minimize the negative impact of sheep manure waste toward environment. The microorganisms which inhabit the compost bedding, especially nitrifying bacteria are expected to have significant role in odor emission reduction which become environmental problem around the sheep farm. This study aims to analyze the abundance and diversity of nitrifying bacteria of compost bedding obtained from sheep farm which have important role in reducing odor emission of ammonia. The 12 days, 1 and 1,5 months old of compost bedding samples were obtained from sheepfold, while 3 and 4 months old of compost samples were obtained from compost pile. Furthermore, nitrifying bacteria were isolated from compost samples by pour plate method using specific media for Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. The results indicated that compost bedding samples with different composting time duration displayed different abundance and diversity of nitrifying bacteria. The current study was successfully isolated 39 and 47 nitrifying bacterial isolates using specific media for Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas, respectively. The highest diversity of nitrifying bacteria was gained from 12 days old compost bedding sample. Nitrifying bacterial isolates from compost bedding samples have significant role in odor emission declining as well as manure composting at sheep farm. The obtained bacterial isolates are also potentially to develop as bio-activator for compost bedding
Determinants of the Amount of Waste in East Java
Full text linkListed as one of the largest waste contributor provinces in Indonesia. The population of East Java in 2020 reached 39 million people, it is the second highest in Indonesia. The increasing number of people accompanied by an increase in income will increase people's consumption in an area and this will cause the increasing amount of waste. If this waste problem is not handled properly, it will have a domino effect as well as degrading the environment. This study wanted to determine the effect of population, real expenditure per capita per year and the number of waste banks on the amount of waste in 2020 in East Java Province. This study uses a comparison of OLS Regression and Robust Regression models. The criteria for selecting the best model use the smallest MAPE, RMSE, and RSE values and the largest R-square value. The results of the partial test and the simultaneous test show that the variables of population, real expenditure per capita per year and the number of waste banks significantly affect the variable amount of waste in East Java with the selected model is the Robust Regression model. The R-square value of the Robust Regression model in this study is 0.8909, meaning that the model's ability to explain the variability of the East Java waste amount data is 89.09 percent, and the rest is explained by other variables not included in the model.Tercatat sebagai salah satu provinsi penyumbang sampah terbesar di Indonesia. Jumlah penduduk Jawa Timur pada tahun 2020 mencapai 39 juta jiwa, tertinggi kedua di Indonesia. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk yang disertai dengan peningkatan pendapatan akan meningkatkan konsumsi masyarakat di suatu daerah dan hal ini akan menyebabkan jumlah sampah yang semakin meningkat. Jika masalah sampah ini tidak ditangani dengan baik, maka akan berdampak domino sekaligus merusak lingkungan. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui pengaruh jumlah penduduk, pengeluaran riil per kapita per tahun dan jumlah bank sampah terhadap jumlah sampah tahun 2020 di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan perbandingan model Regresi OLS dan Regresi Robust. Kriteria pemilihan model terbaik menggunakan nilai MAPE, RMSE, dan RSE terkecil dan nilai R-square terbesar. Hasil uji parsial dan uji simultan menunjukkan bahwa variabel jumlah penduduk, pengeluaran riil per kapita per tahun dan jumlah bank sampah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel jumlah sampah di Jawa Timur dengan model yang dipilih adalah model Robust Regression. Nilai R-square model Robust Regression dalam penelitian ini adalah 0,8909, artinya kemampuan model dalam menjelaskan variabilitas data jumlah sampah Jawa Timur sebesar 89,09 persen, dan sisanya dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam model
Business feasibility analysis of purse seine at Fish Auction Place (Tempat Pelelangan Ikan/TPI) Kranji, Lamongan
Full text linkLamongan Regency is one of the districts in East Java which have high potential of fishery resources. Purpose of this study is to determine the business feasibility of purse seine fishing gear at TPI Kranji, Lamongan. The data collection technique was carried out by field observations and in-depth interviews. Methods of data analysis with financial analysis using Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PP), and Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio) methods. Analysis results shows that the purse seine business at TPI Kranji was financially feasible according to the NPV value at the 5th year of IDR 1,890,298,600. The purse seine business at TPI Kranji also can return the initial investment costs in a period of 1 year based on the PP calculation and the B/C Ratio value is obtained 22.49 so it is classified as financially feasible. It is recommended that fishing business using purse seines at TPI Kranji is not only an effort to get the maximum profit, but also to maintain the sustainability of fisheries in a sustainable manner
Pemodelan Pencemaran Udara untuk Industri Kayu Lapis di Kabupaten Blitar
Full text linkA research to model particulate emission was conducted in the plywood industry in Kendalrejo, Talun, Blitar Regency, East Java at an altitude of 273 masl. The industry already has an environmental pollution control unit, with an outlet through a chimney emitting an average emission of 0.14 g/s. The model simulation was carried out using AERMOD View software with data on wind direction and speed, solar radiation, temperature, clouds, and air pressure. The results show that the presence of the wood industry in Talun, Blitar Regency will have an impact on particulate emissions to areas in the east, southeast, west, and south, as the dominant wind direction. Dispersion modeling of particulate pollution with current conditions has resulted in dispersion with concentrations below the allowable limit in PP 22 of 2021. Modeling with several scenarios shows that the dispersion pattern can be maximized by increasing the chimney emission rate to 18 m/s, to minimize turbulence around the chimney and accelerate the reduction of particulate concentrations. Increasing the height of the chimney or increasing the diameter of the chimney will also affect the decrease in concentration in all directions so it becomes a recommendation that should be considered by the industry.Penelitian mengenai pemodelan pencemar partikulat dilakukan di sebuah industri kayu lapis di Kendalrejo, Talun, Kabupaten Blitar, Jawa Timur dengan ketinggian 273 mdpl. Industri ini telah memiliki unit pengendali pencemaran lingkungan, dengan outlet melalui sebuah cerobong yang mengeluarkan emisi rata-rata sebesar 0,14 g/s. Simulasi model dilakukan dengan software AERMOD View dengan data arah dan kecepatan angin, radiasi matahari, suhu, awan, dan tekanan udara. Hasil menunjukkan adanya industri kayu di Kendalrejo, Talun, Kabupaten Blitar akan memberi dampak emisi partikulat kepada daerah di timur, tenggara, barat, dan selatan, sebagaimana arah angin dominan. Pemodelan dispersi pencemaran partikulat dengan kondisi saat ini sudah menghasilkan dispersi dengan konsentrasi di bawah batas yang diijinkan dalam PP 22 Tahun 2021. Pemodelan dengan beberapa skenario menunjukkan bahwa pola dispersi dapat dimaksimalkan dengan penambahan laju emisi cerobong menjadi 18 m/s, untuk meminimalkan turbulensi di sekitar cerobong dan mempercepat penurunan konsentrasi partikulat. Penambahan ketinggian cerobong ataupun penambahan diameter cerobong juga akan sangat berdampak kepada penurunan konsentrasi di semua arah, sehingga menjadi rekomendasi yang patut dipertimbangkan oleh industri
Analisis Pengaruh Budaya Asing Pada Desain Interior Bangunan Masjid Agung Banten
Full text linkAbstrak:Desain interior sebuah bangunan memiliki pengaruh terhadap terciptanya aktivitas komunal yang dilakukan di dalam bangunan tersebut. Aktivitas komunal ini akan memberikan 'pengalaman ruang' bagi siapa saja yang berada di interior bangunan. Seorang individu yang berbeda mungkin memiliki pengalaman ruang yang berbeda dari bangunan tersebut. Di sisi lain, pengaruh budaya dan kondisi lingkungan di sekitar kompleks Masjid Agung Banten juga mempengaruhi desain interiornya. ruang-ruang pada bangunan di dalam kompleks Masjid Agung Banten yang bersejarah ini merupakan elemen utama yang penting karena dapat memberikan kesan, pesan, dan suasana sakral ketika kegiatan keagamaan atau tradisi dilakukan di sana. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran pengaruh budaya asing pada ruang masjid melalui pemahaman