BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan
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INTERAKSI KEPENTINGAN DALAM PENENTUAN BEA PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH
Get PDFAbstract: Bea Perolehan Hak Atas dan Bangunan atau (BPHTB) is a tax given by the Central Government to the Local Government.This is based on the Law No. 28 of 2009. Magelang Regency, as a local government, which was given the duty, hasprepared regulations in the form of Regional Regulation (Perda) No 13 of 2010. In collecting the taxes, the Magelang Regencydelegates to Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Kekayaan Daerah (DPKKAD). Based on the above order, the verification processof the deeds made by the Land Deed Officials was done. It was proved that the process took a longer time than that of theprocess before it was delegated. The determination of NJOP at the beginning of the year was also late. This causes the processof making the deeds was done later than the time already determined. The dual interest in determining BPHTB in Magelangregency needs to be cooperated so that both parties are accommodated.Keywords: BPHTB, dual interest.Abstrak: Bea Perolehan Hak Atas dan Bangunan atau (BPHTB) merupakan pajak yang telah dilimpahkan oleh Pemerinatah Pusatkepada Pemerintah Daerah berdasarkan Undang Undang No 28 Tahun 2009, Kabupaten Magelang sebagai daerah yang menerimapelimpahan kewenagan tersebut telah mempersiapkan perangkat peraturan perundang-undangan berupa Perda No 13 Tahun2010, Dalam melakukan pemungutan pajak Pemerintah Kabupaten Magelang mendelegasikan kewenangannya kepada DinasPengelolaan Keuangan dan Kekayaan Daerah (DPKKAD), Kabupaten Magelang untuk melakukan pemungutan pajak. Atas dasarhal itu maka dilakukan proses verifikasi atas akta yang dibuat Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Verifikasi yang dilakukanternyata mememerlukan waktu yang lebih lama dari pada waktu sebelum ada pelimpahan, sementara itu dalam penentuan NJOPdi awal tahun juga mengalami keterlambatan. Hal ini menyebabkan pengunduran tanggal dalam pembuatan akta. Interaksikepentingan yang terjadi di dalam penentuan BPHTB di Kabupaten Magelang, mmerlukan sinergi agar kepentingan seluruhpihak terakomodir..Kata kunci: BPHTB, Interksi kepentinganA. PengantarDengan berlakunya Undang- Uundan
Pengurangan Resiko Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Melalui Pemetaan HGU dan Pengendalian Pertanahan (Studi Kasus Provinsi Riau)
Get PDFAbstract: Oil palm plantation expansion through inappropriate land clearing usually trigger forest fire and peat land fire in Riau Province. The purpose of this paper is to find the method to reduce disaster risk through preventive activities, conducted by mapping the distribution of Cultivation Right, and was overlaid with the map of disaster risk and agrarian control through location permit and control of spatial planning. The method used to produce disaster-prone area map was quantitative scoring and weighting, using Composite Mapping Analysis (CMA) method based on the relationship between factors with the percentage of fire spot (hotspot). The results show that from the distribution of cultivation right based on the level of vulnerability in Riau Province, there are 45 location of cultivation right lies along very high-risk area of forest fire with the total area of 95.260,7 hectares (10,4%); most of the area, counted for 70,4% with the area of 647.140,3 hectares covering 143 Cultivation Right location, located on the vulnerable area of forest fire; while 19,2% of the total cultivation right area are in less vulnerable area, spreading over 25 Cultivation Right location. Intisari: Ekspansi perkebunan sawit melalui land clearing yang tidak tepat seringkali memicu terjadinya kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut di Provinsi Riau. Pengurangan resiko bencana melalui kegiatan preventif yaitu penyusunan peta sebaran HGU dioverlaykan dengan peta tingkat kerawanan bencana serta pengendalian pertanahan melalui ijin lokasi dan pengendalian melalui RTRW merupakan tujuan dari tulisan ini. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyusun peta kerawanan bencana adalah scoring dan pembobotan dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode Composite Mapping Analysis (CMA) berdasarkan hubungan setiap faktor terhadap persentase titik api (hotspot). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dari sebaran HGU berdasarkan tingkat kerawanan di Provinsi Riau sebanyak 45 lokasi HGU berada pada daerah sangat rawan bencana kebakaran dengan total luasan 95.260,7 ha (10,4%); sebagian besar yaitu 70,4% dengan luasan 647.160,3 ha dengan sebaran sebanyak 143 HGU berada pada kawasan ancaman rawan terhadap bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan; sementara 19,2% dari total luasan HGU berada pada kategori kurang rawan yang tersebar pada 25 HGU.
Sejarah dan Revitalisasi Perjuangan Pertanian Nahdlatul Ulama Melawan Ketidakadilan Agraria
Get PDFAbstract: Historiographically, there is false understanding that the 1960’s landreform in Indonesia was only supported by communism party, and religion-based parties were on the opposite sides, ideologically and sociologically. This article contradicts the simplification of the understanding of the history by pointed out that Nahdlatul Ulama supported the policy of land reform. The support was within the framework of the creation of justice, as well as the understanding that private land ownership is respected in Islam, as part of the goal in enforcing syari’at: to keep the possessions of the umat (hifdhul maal). Not only on the implementation, Pertanu also defend and fight for the peasants when they were expelled, and their lands were taken over (counter-landreform) post 1965. Based on the archived of ANRI and local military documents, this article record the institutional history of Pertanu and its struggle to defent the peasants after 1965, and the dynamic of the implementation of land reform and its backflow in Banyuwangi, East Java. The description of historical experiences of this peasant organization is equipped by contextual reflection and its revitalization on current era when facing contemporary agrarian issues. Intisari: Secara historiografis berkembang pemahaman yang keliru bahwa landreform era 1960-an di Indonesia hanya didukung oleh partai berpaham komunisme. Sedangkan partai berbasiskan agama, berada pada pihak yang berseberangan, baik secara ideologis maupun sosiologis. Artikel ini membantah simplifikasi pemahaman sejarah tersebut dengan menunjukkan bahwa Nahdlatul Ulama mendukung kebijakan landreform. Dukungan itu dalam kerangka penciptaan keadilan sekaligus pemahaman bahwa kepemilikan tanah pribadi dihormati di dalam Islam, sebab merupakan bagian dari tujuan penegakan syari’at: menjaga harta benda umat (hifdhul maal). Tidak hanya pada tahap pelaksanaan, Pertanu bahkan juga membela dan memperjuangkan kaum tani tatkala mereka diusir dan diambil-alih tanahnya kembali (counter-landreform) pasca 1965. Berdasarkan arsip dari ANRI dan dokumen militer daerah, artikel ini merekam sejarah kelembagaan Pertanu dan perjuangannya dalam membela kaum tani pasca 1965, serta dinamika pelaksanaan landreform dan arus baliknya yang terjadi di Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Uraian pengalaman sejarah perjalanan organisasi tani ini dilengkapi dengan refleksi kontekstualitasi dan revitalisasinya pada era saat ini tetkala berhadapan dengan masalah-masalah agraria kontemporer
Strategi Pengakuan dan Perlindungan Hak-Hak Masyarakat (Hukum) Adat: Sebuah Pendekatan Sosio-Antropologis
Get PDFAbstract: Arizona (2015b) reported that in the last mid-2015, there were lots of local regulation products intended as instruments to recognize the rights of indigenous people. Eventhough 40% of these products contain arrangements of the area, lands and communal forests, in reality, total area that have been effectively possessed by local communities were insignificant. According to Arizona (2015a), this condition occurred because the advocacy agenda trapped by the complexity of the diversity of the subjects and objects of the indigenous rights to be recognized and protected. This article was not about to argue that conclusion. However, this paper believes that the trap of complexity and diversity of the subjects and objects of the recognition of indigenous rights was enabled by three factors. First, the stakeholders within those complexity of definition came from generic concepts; second, failed to approach subjects and objects of the rights as a socio-antrophology reality at field level; and third, this problem was worsen by the stakeholders that barely have a proven instrument in finding sociological-anthropological reality. This article aims to fill those gaps. Keywords : Strategy, Recognition, Indigenous Peoples, socio-anthropologicalIntisari: Arizona (2015b) melaporkan bahwa tengah tahun 2015 lalu ada banyak produk hukum daerah yang dimakudkan sebagai instrument hukum pengakuan hak-hak masyarakat adat. Namun, meski 40% produk hukum daerah itu berisi pengaturan tentang wilayah, tanah dan hutan adat, di tingkat lapangan, total luas yang telah benar-benar efektif dikuasi masyarakat adat relatif sangat sedikit. Menurut Arizona (2015a), hal itu terjadi, antara lain, agenda advokasi terjebak oleh kerumitan keragaman subyek dan obyek hak-hak adat yang akan diakui dan dilindungi. Tulisan ini tak hendak membantah kesimpulan itu. Namun, tulisan ini percaya bahwa jebakan kerumitan keragaman subyek dan obyek pengakuan hak-hak masyarakat adat itu dimungkinkan oleh tiga hal. Pertama, para-pihak terjebak dengan perdebatan definisi dari beberapa konsep yang memang bersifat generik; kedua, alpa mendekati subyek dan obyek hak itu sebagai realitas sosio-antropologis di tingkat lapangan; dan ketiga, masalah ini diperumit oleh para-pihak nyaris tidak memiliki instrument yang teruji dalam menemukan realitas sosiologis-antropologi dimaskud. Tulisan ini disusun untuk mengisi kekosongan-kekosongan itu. Kata Kunci: Strategi, Pengakuan, Masyarakat Hukum Adat, sosio-antropologi
PERTARUNGAN AKTOR DALAM KONFLIK PENGUASAAN TANAH DAN PENAMBANGAN PASIR BESI DI URUT SEWU KEBUMEN
Get PDFThis paper discusses the political ecology conflict in Urut Sewu between various actors. The conflict was caused byiron sand mining in Mirit subdistrict, Kebumen regency. The conflict started from a claim of the land along the southern coastof Kebumen, covering Buluspesantren, Ambal and Mirit subdistricts, was admitted as belonging to armed forces. This claimscontinued due to the issuance of license on iron sand mining to a company involving military elites. In the conflict, there wasa change of problem that was the refusal the military exercises. The results showed that the existing conflict was caused by theinterests of managing the natural resources. The conflict was created by elites in order to gain personal benefits by marginalizingthe local communities who were highly dependent on the ecology. There were struggles among the state actor, localcommunities, company and NGO.Key Words: political ecology conflict, elite politic, military, local politic, powe
Mewujudkan Desa Maju Reforma Agraria
Get PDFAbstract :Law Nr.6/2014 on Village has brought expectations of the opportunities of the villages to manage their natural resources independently with the support of Village Fund Allocation (Alokasi Dana Desa – ADD) from central government. Nonetheless, it is commonly known that village’s natural resources have long been monopolied and dominated by non villagers. This condition caused agrarian cryses in village area. Joko Widodo regime has the plan to set up land redistribution program for 9 millions hectares of land and 12.7 millions hectares of social forestry. These two types of land redistribution are called as Agrarian Reform Program. The combination of village development program and agrarian reform is presented as the concept of “Desa Maju Reforma Agraria - Damara” (Advance Villages Agrarian Reform) as the proposal from the civil society.Intisari: Kehadiran UU No.6/2014 tentang Desa telah membawa sejumlah harapan tentang kemungkinan adanya pengelolaan sumber daya alam di desa dilakukan secara mandiri oleh desa dengan dukungan Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) dari Pemerintah Pusat. Namun, kita tahu bahwa sumber daya alam di desa telah lama dikuasai oleh aktor-aktor diluar desa. Hal yang mengakibatkan krisis agraria di pedesaan. Pemerintah Joko Widodo berencana menjalankan program redistribusi tanah seluas 9 juta hektar dan perhutanan sosial seluas 12,7 juta hektar. Keduanya disebut sebagai program Reforma Agraria. Kombinasi pembangunan pedesaan dan reforma agraria tersebut disajikan dalam konsep Desa Maju Reforma Agraria sebagai usulan dari masyarakat sipil
MASALAH PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN PLTU DI BATANG
Get PDFThe availability of land is important element in development activitiesespecially for public interest. This study aims todetermine the mechanisms applied in land acquisition for Batang Power Plant, in Batang, Central Java; and to explore the supportingand inhibiting supports in the implementation of the land acquisition and settlement efforts. This study explains development ofBatang Power Plant as infrastructure projects use the mechanism of Public Private Partnerships (PPP), according to The Law No. 30of 2009 on Electricity and Presidential Decree No. 13 of 2010. The supporting factors of the implementation of land acquisitionare existence of a positive perspective of residents, the price of the deal, the full support of government and large investmentfunds. The inhibiting factors of the implementation of the land acquisition are the attitude of the citizens of rejection, the pricedisagreement, the issue of environmental pollution and the emergence of land speculators. For resolving obstacles and constraintsin land acquisition created the establishment of a forum of communication together, increasing participation of citizens, transparencyand accountability, creating guarantees the survival of the farm laborers and tenants, and enhancing community empowermentthrough CSR programs.Keywords: Acquisition of land, the power plant
LEGITIMASI IDENTITAS ADAT DALAM DINAMIKA POLITIK AGRARIA (STUDI KASUS LEMBAGA SWAPRAJA DI YOGYAKARTA)
Get PDFPost New Order era is marked by the rise of movements that, claiming on the behalf of the indigenous people,attempt to take over the indigenous rights related to agrarian resources, including the feudalistic self-governing institution(swapraja) in Yogyakarta. That the status and rights of both indigenous community (Adat) and self-governing institution have beenstrictly distinguished by agrarian laws, it does not mean that the laws fully operate in social domain. In reality, the existence ofthe dualistic agrarian politics is recognized although it finds no room for legal certainty. By tracing and comparing between officialhistorical sources, this article is critically reviewing the issue of the dynamics on indigenous community positioning in agrarianpolitics in the former self-governing region of Yogyakarta, as well as further consequences of the implementation of agrarianspecial authority following the issuance of Law Number 13 of 2012.Keywords: indigenous community, self-governing institution, agrarian resources
REFORMA AGRARIA: MOMENTUM KEADILAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN
Get PDFAt least there were two types of political events at the time of the implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia,in both the process and practice. However, both events were not adequately used. As a result, the justice and welfare for poorIndonesian farmers were not yet fulfilled. The opportunity should be gained in order to implement the agrarian reform by theauthoritative actor assisted by an institution various social sheltering social forces.Key words: agrarian reform, political momentum, agrarian justic
Rekayasa Ulang (Reengineering) Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pertanahan Nasional dengan Pendekatan Unified Modelling Language (UML)
Get PDFThe quality of decisions, including in land management, need sufficient, precise and accurate data and information. Land Information System at national level become strategic instruments in providing data and information of land, that nowadays not only needed to provide legal certainty of land ownership, but also to support decision making in land management in term of restructuring land tenure and ownership, land value arrangement, land use planning and arrangement, and permit/license related to land development. The existing Land Management Information System (SIMTANAS) was considered irrelevant with current needs. In its database organization, the existing SIMTANAS only account on land registration. Land information that considered as strategic information, such as restriction of land use and arrangement, and responsibilities related to land right and ownership have not been integrated into the system. Regarding this condition, reengineering of SIMTANAS is considered crucial. Reengineering can be implemented using model driven approach with Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML is able to model reengineering from organizational model, functional model, static model and dynamic model of SIMTANAS. Kualitas keputusan, termasuk di dalamnya keputusan-keputusan dalam manajemen pertanahan sangat memerlukan data dan informasi yanng memadai, tepat, dan akurat. Sistem Informasi Pertanahan Nasional menjadi intrumen strategis dalam penyediaan data dan informasi pertanahan yang dewasa ini tidak hanya untuk kepentingan jaminan kepastian hukum penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah, namun sudah harus mampu mendukung keputusan-keputusan manajemen pertanahan dalam hal penataan penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah (land tenure), pengaturan yang terkait dengan nilai tanah (land value), pengaturan dan perencanaan penggunaan dan pemanfatan ruang (land use), dan pengaturan perizinan yang terkait dengan kegiatan pembangunan di atas bidang tanah (land development). Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pertanahan Nasional atau disebut SIMTANAS yang sudah ada tidak relevan lagi dengan kebutuhan karena disamping penyusunan basis data hanya berdasarkan pendaftaran tanah, informasi-informasi strategis bidang tanah, berupa pengaturan apa yang boleh dan tidak boleh dilakukan (restriction) serta kewajiban-kewajiban yang melekat pada bidang tanah (servitude) atau disebut aspek responsibility belum terintegrasi didalamnya. Rekayasa ulang (reengineering) SIMTANAS menjadi urgen dilakukan. Rekayasa ulang dapat menggunaka pendekatan model driven menggunakan unified modelling language (UML) UML dapat memodelkan rekayasa ulang mulai dari model organisasional, fungsional, model statis maupun model dinamis SIMTANAS