International Review of Humanities Studies (IRHS)
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CULTURAL HERITAGE AND IMAGES OF THE CITY: TRANSFORMATION OF SAWAHLUNTO IN INDONESIA
Get PDFIn order to be acknowledged as a World Heritage Centre by UNESCO in 2016, the city government transformed Sawahlunto, which used to be an old mining city, into what the government claimed as a culturally touristic mining city. The city had basically been declared as a dead city; however, the government has strategically increased its economics through tourism. This article focuses on the meaning-making process in the construction of the city image(s) basing the process in the discussion of the politics of collective memory and cultural heritage. Data, mainly findings from observations, interviews and textual analysis, were collected from two tourism sites namely Goedang Ransoem Museum and Lubang Tambang Mbah Soero. The aim of the research is to interpret how the people in Sawahlunto make sense of the image construction of the city or even contest it as the government conveyed particular meaning in redefining the city‟s identity. Abidin Kusno‟s conceptualization of collective memory in architecture is mainly used to analyze the architectural elements of the two tourism sites. Furthermore, the analysis also refers to Hobsbawn and Thompson‟s notion of cultural heritage and Leif Edvinson‟s images of the city. Research findings reveal that the city government constructs a dominant meaning of what they convey as cultural heritage by utilizing local laws and the authority from other regions which have more experiences in transforming their city into a city of cultural heritage. On the other hand, the people in Sawahlunto have their own understanding of what their city means for them in relation to their own cultural heritage. All in all, the complexity of the meaning-makitng process in the city‟s transformation between the government and the people could be read as a battleground of contesting discourses
RETENTION STRATEGIES OF YOUQ TE WAYANG IN MANDALAY, MYANMAR: A REGIONAL CULTURE STUDY
Get PDFThis paper aims to find out the retention strategies of youq te wayang in Mandalay, Myanmar. Cultural theory and regional studies as well as a structural-functional design developed by Talcott Parsons are applied in this research. Structural-Functional Theory considers that life of society is a system. The system can be changed according to circumstances. This theory used to see through the change of art of youq te wayang as a system towards equilibrium. This is a qualitative descriptive research with literature review method and internet media observation. Result of this research indicates that the State’s role as a main actor in the process of youq te wayang retention by performing a youq te wayang performance at Pagoda festival, thus people can see that religion function still exist today. State developes the structure by organizing performances. The second actor is Mandalay Marionettes Theater Company, which is able to keep the inheritance system of youq te wayang maintained. In addition, the Mandalay Marionettes Theater Company did some changes and innovations in the performance system of youq te wayang such as performance duration, stage decoration, aspect of story, language and management system
HUMAN NATURE THROUGH THE PERSPECTIVE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY OF STEVEN PINKER
Get PDFThe theory of human nature plays an important role in life. It acts as a trigger as well as a purpose for human life itself. Theories of human nature presented by Religion and Empirical Theory are widely believed to date. Nonetheless, it seems like they have reach an absolute point, thus closed the possibility for new questioners to find novelty in their explanation. This research is made by conducting critical analysis on two classical notions that explained human nature, namely religious explanation and the empirical (the blank slate theory) explanation. Through critical analysis, it is found that new explanations are needed in the conception of the theory of human nature, with the research questions: What kind of human nature theory can embrace human being as of today? Therefore, through the alternative explanation method, the author offers an alternative conception of the human nature. Human Nature is a combination of the innate mechanism and the environment. This conception was born through a critical analysis towards some works with the evolutionary theory perspective, primarily the work of Steven Pinker, who believed that there were innate mechanisms in human beings, as a result of evolution so far
PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIGENOUS FAITH TOURISM IN NIGERIA THROUGH THE MASS MEDIA
Get PDFReligious Tourism (also known as faith tourism) is an area of development in Nigeria that is fast growing. However, this growth is confined mainly to Christian religious activities. Indigenous faith tourism has been largely unexplored and unexploited. Most times indigenous faith activities are regarded only in entertainment terms, deriving their value mainly from the leisure perspective. It is in the light of the foregoing that this paper examines the area as a means of national development. The paper makes a case for the development of the sector with focus on the role of the mass media in this regard. It is contended that the mass media have not done much to foster indigenous faith tourism development, mention one two of these challenges. The paper then concludes by offering ways of tackling these challenges for better media performance
NETWORK SOCIETY AND TRANS-NATIONAL RADICALISM: CASE STUDY ON ISIS SUPPORT IN INDONESIA
Get PDFSince Arab Spring gobbled the Middle East region, Islam Trans-National Radicalism has flourished in Indonesia with the spirit of religious puritanism. This movement supports ISIS and has proclaimed themselves as an affiliate of Ansharul Khalifah in Irak and Syria. The presence of global injustice and inequality which are easily seen in television, internet network, and social media accumulates the rapid growth of this movement. The revolution in information technology and communication has finally formed trans-national network society. Using the approach of network society, Manuel Castells said that the changes in information technology have resulted in revolution in many aspects of life including idiology (religion). In the middle of homeless of personal identity in this era, the political identity and religious puritanism have become the pushing power to fight back the western domination in social, economical, political and cultural aspects of life. The birth of ISIS supporters in Indonesia is the society movement that resists the west world that performs the global injustice. Basically the ISIS label is only new identity based on fanaticism of the radical Islam group that has already existed in Indonesia
A FUNCTIONALIST DISCOURSE OF THE INDIGENOUS DANCE THEATRE TRADITION IN AFRICA
Get PDFThis paper from participatory and critical perspectives, attempts a functionalist discourse investigation of the home-grown African dance tradition from a philosophical and sociological praxis. From an experiential vantage position, the thesis of the paper holds strongly that, as art forms, dances in Africa serve various functions; as catalysts for socio-political and economic transformation. Using Swange dance of the Tiv people from Central Nigeria as a paradigm, and from a functionalist point of view, the article sees African dances as contributing a greater part in uncountable ways in a positive transformation of the society. It also sees dance as a domain within the humankind that should be harnessed for greater and positive socio-political dividends. In conclusion, the article holds strongly that the efficacies of these indigenous African dances cannot be over emphasized considering the numerous functions these dances perform towards the socio-political and economic development of the African societies, because most of these dances have often acted as sites for staging various cultural histories as well as formulating ideology
THE NEED FOR RESEARCH IN THEATRE AND FILM AS CHANGE AGENTS IN A DYNAMIC WORLD
Get PDFThe world of the 21st century is remarkably different from those of previous centuries. It is more so as a result of the changes in communication, style of living and the horrendous unleashing of violence against humanity by pockets of dissidents around the world. In Nigeria for instance, the clamour for change in every facet of her national life including restructuring of the entire country has never been more pronounced than it is now. People are exposed to all kinds of inhuman treatment from the most unlikely sources including the government of the day whose stinginess with the truth has become legendry. In all these cases the need to make life a little bit whole and liveable becomes imperative. Theatre and film are regarded as entertainment industries charged with giving pleasure, reducing stress and prolonging life no matter how small. This makes it necessary that research be conducted to determine how both media can be made to yield the best in them in the service of humanity in a changing world, with emphasis on Nollywood, the Nigerian video film industry. This is the focus of this paper. It uses the analytical research method to actualize this. Conclusion was drawn based on the findings and recommendations made on that basis
SAFER CAMPUSES AND THE MENACE OF CULTISM IN NIGERIAN SCHOOLS: A READING OF CHARITY ANGYA’S GONE SAILING
Get PDFClashes of cult groups in Nigerian Universities in recent times have posed a serious threat to peace on our campuses. The nefarious activities of cult groups have been a challenge that has necessitated stakeholders in the education sector to call for serious measures to combat the menace. Drama as an art of social relationships can serve as a medium to inform, educate and communicate vital truths to its audience. Herein drama becomes a tool to mobilize action for self assertion. Charity Angya‟s Gone Sailing is not left out here as a playwright who in a bid to fight this menace, has brought the search light on the phenomenon. The paper submits that, the university system aims at producing people who are knowledgeable in their disciplines and of „Good character‟ to be able to fit into the society and contribute positively to that society. However, the varying degrees of horror that cult groups unleash, leads one to conclude that they can be equated to bandits and possibly tagged, campus terrorists. The paper concludes that, the art of cultism threatens the very existence of our ivory towers as its perpetrators strongly resist abiding by social laws and order. It recommends that, to deter recruitment of young people into cult groups, the law must have full sway without delay on culprits and perpetrators of this menace and their sponsors
POETRY AS A REPRESENTATION OF TURKISH IDENTITY
Get PDFPoetry is one of the most important art expression in understanding Turkish identity. The aim of this paper is to show that the growth and development of Turkish poetry is in line with the dynamic identity of the Turkish nation. The period of Turkish poetry began with the growth of oral poetry which depicted the heroic of Turkish ancestors who are migrants from the Central Asia. The period continued with the emergence and development of Islam carrying the influence of Arabic and Persian languages which embedded in Turkish poems and replaced the role of poetry from being a folklore to become the elite literature. The next period is the modern poetry which showed the alteration of reference of Turkish poetry from the East to the West. Thus, poetry reflects Turkish people’s rhythm of expression
LOCAL WISDOM-BASED STRATEGY OF TRANSFERRING KNOWLEDGEAMONG EDUCATORS AT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN SRENGSENG SAWAH SUB-DISTRICT, JAGAKARSA DISTRICT, SOUTH JAKARTA
Get PDFIn every educational institution, knowledge is regarded as the principal asset to achieve its goals. Educators are thus required to improve and broaden their knowledge through the transfer of knowledge and information. This paper seeks to answer the following research questions: 1) how knowledge transfer is constructed, through the SECI process, based on local wisdom by educators at Early Childhood Education Programs (PAUD) in Srengseng Sawah Sub-District, Jagakarsa District, South Jakarta? 2) what kinds of local wisdom do they apply? The aim of this research is to identify the social construction that takes place in the process of local wisdom-based knowledge transfer among educators. By applying a qualitative approach and a case study method, this research found that the educators, all of whom are women, construct education based on collective consciousness of their role as mothers and their common predicament working as PAUD educators. Their role as mothers teaches them how to deal with children (as role models and motivators). Being aware of their similar condition—PAUD educators have not been given equal status as educators at formal kindergartens—they take the initiative to build a social relationship based on egalitarian values (trust and respect among each other), as well as cosmopolitan values (openness, honesty, and orientation towards information and technology). Egalitarian and cosmopolitan values are part of the Betawi culture. The significance of this research is to raise a cultural understanding of the process of local wisdom-based knowledge transfer