International Review of Humanities Studies (IRHS)
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS AS EXPRESSIVE DESIRE OF HINDU-BUDDHA RELIGIONS IN JAVA IN 8th– 15th CENTURIES
Get PDFThis study discusses the Hindu-Buddha religions in the ancient Javanese society which developed in 8—15 th Century AD when the centers of the kingdoms in the central part of Java. The case discussed in this paper is concerned with their ritual and ceremony tools used by the worshipped of Hindu-Buddha religions, especially in the regards with the statues of Hindu-Buddha gods, which are still used up to the present time. The statues of Hindu-Buddha gods are actually the realization of wishes to fulfill their worshipper hopes. This study in line with the opinion of Melford E.Spiro (1977), an expert on religion studies, who states that religion tools and rituals can be considered as expressive desires of the religion worshipper. The statues of Gods, temple structure, and reliefs function ot only as decorative matters, but also as expressive desire of silpins (religious artisants) and the community who performs the rituals in regard with their belief. It can be said that these silpin in the ancient Javanese society were doing religious ceremonies and their dedication to their Gods while they were constructing to the statues, reliefs, and temple. It is then these silpins are expressing (1) their dedication to the God by designing certain statues or narrative reliefs, and (2) personal and community expresses in creating religiously aesthetic artifacts
THE USE OF TASK BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING (TBLT) AS TO IMPROVE DESCRIPTIVE WRITING SKILLS
Get PDFWriting skills are one of the skills that must be mastered by language learners. As an effort to improve writing skills, the researcher uses the Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) approach. The TBLT approach is carried out on 19 level 1 students of the English Literature study program in learning descriptive writing skills in English. The type of research conducted is Classroom Action Research (CAR) in collaboration with lecturers of Writing 1 class. The research is supported by qualitative and quantitative data to determine the students’ improvement in the process of learning descriptive writing using TBLT. The results show a significant increase in the results of descriptive writing tests conducted in the first and second cycles. In addition, the use of TBLT can motivate students in the learning process. The results of this study were obtained based on the grades of the descriptive writing tests, observations and questionnaires. The results of the post-test indicate an increase in the average student score to 85.6 from the average pre-test score of 62.2. Finally, the results of the questionnaire also show that almost all students agreed to use TBLT as a guide in Descriptive writing, and it has proven to be able to improve the students’ writing skills
INDONESIAN–ARABIC TRANSLATION OF PHATIC EXPRESSION IN WEBTOON “FLAWLESS”
Get PDFThis research studies phatic particles translation from Indonesian to Arabic. The discussed translation here includes phatic expression equivalence and translation and form shift. The aim of the study is to analyse the equivalence of phatic expression from Indonesian to Arabic and to look over shift of translation and form so the message from source language is delivered reasonably to target language. The method applied in the study is qualitative descriptive. 105 data were gathered from a webtoon entitled “Flawless” episode 1-10, in Indonesian and Arabic version. To analyse the data, theory of phatic particles in Indonesian from Kridalaksana (1994) is employed. From 105 data, only 24 data were analyzed. The analysis shows that the phatic articles are not completely translated. There are some articles translated accordingly, and some are translated into other forms or absorbed the sound phonetically. There are 7 untranslated particles; 13 translated according their phatic functions; 2 translated into other forms; and 2 absorbed phonetically
INDONESIA AND CENTRAL ASIA: ROMANTICIZING AUTHORITARIAN REGIME IN THE PAST?
Get PDFEven though countries in Central Asia and Indonesia seem to be unrelated, both actually have experienced authoritarian regime and implemented decentralization system after that regime collapsed. Nevertheless, decentralization along with non-authoritarian regime does not automatically bring the desired good result since a new authoritarian regime based on decentralization appears. As a result, the citizens long for the welfare of the centralism system. Before talking further about the comparison of both regions, it is better to have a good understanding of each region
CULTURE AND THE MODERN INDIVIDUAL IN JUDE DIBIA’S A LIFE IN FULL AND MOLARA WOOD’S INDIGO
Get PDFThe modern individual in Nigeria, a creation of western education and culture, is constantly in a struggle with the hegemonic indigenous culture, causing him/her to grapple with the prescriptions of the western lifestyle and the stringent demands of Nigerian culture. Jude Dibia‟s “A Life in Full” and Molara Wood‟s “Indigo” contain ancient and modern cultural practices and the challenges they present to the educated young people, whose exposure to foreign culture and education intensifies their struggle with the status quo. This paper uses the postmodernist argument to examine this conflict between the centre (indigenous culture) and the periphery (the modern individual), as the latter is on a mission to decentre Culture in order to establish itself as a centred subject in the two short stories. It analyses the psychological struggle by the educated Nigerians to challenge the grand narratives of culture. The paper reveals that, whereas in “A Life in Full” the individual topples the centre, in “Indigo” it is the hegemonic centre that overwhelms and suppresses the educated individual. The paper concludes that the educated Nigerian is constantly in a conflict between Self and Other from which s/he emerges redefined
BEHIND THE IDEOLOGY SHIFT: COMPARISON BETWEEN OLD AND NEW INDONESIAN TRANSLATIONS OF DORAEMON MANGA SERIES
Get PDFDifferent versions of translations of the same source text can be published and republished by the same publisher over the span of years. The differences between the two translated versions can reflect the changing attitude and translation ideology of the commission. This paper examines and discusses the differences between two Indonesian translations of Doraemon manga series commissioned and published by Elex Media Komputindo in the early 1990s and the early 2010s. The study investigates whether there is any translation ideology shift over a two decades-period and whether the ideology adopted in the two translations implies any sociocultural or sociohistorical information. To that purpose, the study focuses on comparing the translations of cultural-specific items (CSIs) in both versions. The findings show that in some cases, the two translations employ different strategies to translate CSIs, with the older translations (OT) tend to adopt domestication ideology to some extent, and the newer translations (NT) almost consistently adopt foreignization ideology. While the shift to foreignization in the NT may reflect the shift of attitude and perspective of Indonesians towards Japanese culture post-World War II era, the domestication adopted by the OT can give a small glimpse of Indonesian sociocultural conditions in the early 1990s
LOLODA IN THREE TERNATE-DUTCH TREATY MANUSCRIPTS IN 19th CENTURY
Get PDFThe impact of the relationship between Ternate and Europe affected the relation between Ternate and its surrounding area. As a result of the socio-political dynamics with the colonial, Ternate did not easily positioned itself as a sultanate which was neutral from the Dutch and the interest of its surrounding kingdoms, especially its neighbouring sultanate. Ternate was dragged into alliance with Dutch in order to secure access toward the natural resources needed by both parties. One of the tools used by Dutch in 19th century to secure access toward natural resources was the treaty. The treaty between Ternate and Dutch became an important instrument to maintain legitimacy of the two parties. Loloda was amidst the interest of Ternate and Dutch. In some treaties, the signature of Loloda Sultanate and other small sultanates in North Maluku which were Ternate loyalists were needed by Dutch and Ternate. Therefore, we could easily draw a conclusion based on the treaty that Loloda is part of Ternate’s hegemony. However, in this research we will explore poetically the relation between the Dutch, Ternate and Loloda expressed through metaphor and other specific expressions. For this reason, we will discuss in depth the poetic aspects of three manuscripts (113/1/14, 113/8/11a, dan 113/8/12)
THE ETHICAL FOUNDATION IN INFORMATION SOCITY: INTERPRETATION OF ARTIFICIAL AGENTS POSITION IN AN ONTOCENTRIC PERSPECTIVE
Get PDFThis article discusses the importance of ethical guidance and regulation on the change of world research climate supported by information and communication technology (ICT). The research has resulted in artificial intelligence and „super‟ human entities which are predicted to potentially cause damage and destruction of humans. In this context, human is placed as an information organism parallel to other information entity. Human is no longer a single entity as a center of reflection on a moral action. This research aimed to reflect on the ontology of Floridian information based on ontocentrism as the axiological footing of its information ethical theory. The method used was hermeneutics. The research findings showed that the reduction of human position creates human nervousness as a knowing subject. Therefore, ethical regulation is required on artificial agent construction effort as moral agent within the constellation of ethical actions in the information ecosystem
AN APPRAISAL OF THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN PROPAGATION OF RELIGIOUS MESSAGES IN NIGERIA
Get PDFIt is heart-warming to assert that 21st century has witnessed unprecedented breakthroughs in information and communication technology. Thus, this astronomical breakthrough has brought unhindered privileges and accessibilities to virtually all the countries where information technology is entrenched. Evidently, technology has linked societies with global information and it makes it possible for capital to shift instantly across borders. Thus, this technological engagement has reduced the world to one „global village‟. Equally, religion is not indifferent to this global advancement. Within the province of religion, information and communication technology has graciously and tremendously helped to reduce religious messages to a sizeable level whereby human beings do not need to travel many kilometres and distances to deliver religious messages. In the same vein, this information and communication technology has also created a gamut of religious problems like human indignity, un-chastity, terrorism and immorality. Again, it has also brought many miseries at its wake. The result is the emergence of a hedonistic culture, sensuality and promiscuity. This paper adopted historical and analytical approach. However, the paper concludes by advocating that efforts should be made to equally promote morality, spirituality and human development
HO CHI MINH’S MULTICULTURAL THOUGHTS
Get PDFHo Chi Minh is one of influential personages in the history of Vietnam. His thoughts became the crucial guideline in the anti-colonial, anti-imperialist and independence movements of Vietnam. So far, quite a few scholars have conducted in-depth analysis of Ho Chi Minh‟s thoughts from the perspectives of politics, sociology and philosophy, but few scholars have studied Ho‟s thoughts from the perspective of multiculturalism. Given that multiculturalism is a theory that firstly put forward by western scholars in the western world, whether the theory is applicable to traditional and communitarian oriental world has become a hot topic in academic circles. From the perspective of morality, the elements of liberty, equality and justice of multiculturalism have the function of anti-colonialism and anti-imperialism in Southeast Asian countries including Vietnam. In the colonial times, French deliberately isolated Vietnamese ethnic groups through ideological control and geographical isolation, but under the guideline of Ho Chi Minh‟s thought, the Vietnamese broken the barrier of colonial and successfully achieve national unity and ethnic unity. This paper intends to prove that multiculturalism has the function of anti-colonialism and anti-imperialism by researching the Ho Chi Minh‟s multicultural thoughts, which is the best practice of western multiculturalism in southeast Asia