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Enhancement of Cotton Boll Retention by GA3 Treatment
Get PDFCotton quantity and quality improvement could be achieved by
hybridization. Intraspecific and interspecific crossing is one of the ways to transfer desirable gene(s) combinations for crop improve-ment. One of the limitations that face the cotton crossing process is the high flowers and bolls shedding after pollination particularly in interspecific hybridization. During the course of an ongoing program to transfer resistance too bacterial blight from diploids to tetraploids cotton, we experienced excessive boll shedding after pollination. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of GA3 on flower and boll retention after pollination
Combining Ability of Yield Components in Half Diallel Crosses of Cotton
Get PDFCombining ability estimates were studied for seed cotton yield and its components in eight cotton cultivars (four Gossypium hirsutum and four G. barbadense) in half diallel crosses in 2000 and 2001 seasons, at the Gezira Research Station, Wad Medani, Sudan. Combining ability analysis revealed that both additive and non-additive types of gene action were important in the studied traits. The G. hirsutum parents, Acala(93)H, Barac(67)B and Shambat-B, were best combiners for seed cotton yield, and the G. barbadense parents, Barakat-S and B-Pima, combined best for increased number of bolls and improved fiber quality. These results suggest the use of three-way crosses, modified backcross or recurrent selection to improve yield, yield components and fiber quality, The intraspecific crosses, gave low specific combining ability (SCA) effects, suggesting that, with few exceptions, parents within each species would not be useful in single cross combinations to produce progeny having high yields and improved yield components and fiber quality, Simple linear correlation coefficients revealed positive association of seed cotton yield with number of sympodia, lint index, boll weight and 100-seed weight suggesting that emphasis should be laid on these traits
when selecting for increased yield
Identification and Determination of concentrations of some Toxic alkaloids in Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.)
Get PDFAlkaloids are regarded as complex naturally occurring products of plants and fungi. They possess nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings, basic and derived from amino acids. High physiological activity is also a characteristic of alkaloids. This study was aimed to determine the existence and concentrations of some toxic alkaloids in different parts of jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) of the family Solanaceae. Stems, leaves and fruits were dried, crushed and then underwent extraction. Solvents used in the extraction were chloroform and acetic acid. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and GC-MS techniques were also adopted in analyzing the alkaloids. The results revealed the presence of atropine in stems, leaves and fruits of D. stramonium with concentrations of 0.03, 0.4 and 0.08 mg/g, respectively. Hyoscine was also found in stems, leaves and fruits with concentrations of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.2 mg/g, respectively. Nicotine was found in stems and fruits with concentrations of 0.001 and 0.02 mg/g, respectively. This study showed and provided the possibility of exploring new natural potential pesticides from Sudanese indigenous plants and provide important information to avoid toxicity, harmful and adverse effects of these plants to both humans and animals
تجربة جامعة الجزيرة في مجال التعريب 1991 —2002 م
No full textاستعرض الباحث أهمية التعريب وأثره في تقدم الأمة وازدهارها، فالانقطاع عن اللغة الأم انقطاع عن الجذور التاريخية للأمة، والتدريس باللغة العربية ضرورة ثقافية ودينية ووطنية في آن واحد.
تحدث الباحث عن حركة التعريب في السودان؛ وكيف أن المعاهد الدينية والخلاوي قد اضطلعت بدورها في نشر اللغة العربية منذ القرن الخامس عشر الميلادي. وتنامت حركة التعريب والدعوة إليها في التعليم النظامي منذ بدايات القرن العشرين، إلا أنها لم تنتظم المدارس العليا إلا في عام 1966 م، وجاء القرار بتعريب التعليم في مؤسسات التعليم العالي في عام 1990م
Yield Potential of Landraces of Maize in Sudan and the Avenues for their Genetic Improvement
Get PDFThe study was conducted for two years (1998-1999), during the rainy season, at the Gezira Research Station (GRS) of the Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC) of the Sudan, to identify some yield components for improving the yield levels and to determine the genetic factors influencing the yield parameters of six landraces of maize and their 15 single crosses produced by a 6 x 6 half diallel arrangement. The analysis of variance mean squares depicted significant ( P≤0.01) differences for most of the traits studied in both years, indicating high phenotypic variability. The best crosses giving grain yield above parental avterage were Hegeri x Red, Sennar x Red and Hegeri x Ahmar Mahali with a range of 4098-4710 kg ha-l and 3014-3348 kg ha-1 in both cropping seasons, respectively. The best yielding parents were Ring-8 (4870 and 31 92 kg ha-l) and Red (4658 and 3348 kg ha-l ) In 1998 and 1999, respectively. Strong, positive association exists between grain yield and days to 50% anthesis and silking, ear length, 100-seed weight and grain per ear ranging from r = 0.54* * (days to 50% silking) to r = 0.76* * (ear length). Days to 50% anthesis and silking, plant and ear heights, 100-seed weight and ear length showed relatively high heritability estimates ranging between 21.91% - 65.33%. The analysis of variance mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant (P≤0.0I) for most of the traits. The GCA: SCA ratio indicated that days to 50% anthesis, plant height, ear length, grain per ear and grain yield were controlled by additive genetic effects while days to 50% silking, ear height, ear per plant and 100-seed weight were largely influenced by non-additive genetic effect
Identification of a Natural Source of Resistance to Watermelon Chlorotic Stunt Virus in an Indigenous Accession of Cucumis Melo Var. Agrestis
Get PDFWatermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WCSV) is among the most important viral diseases of the family Cucurbitaceae. It is a bipartite begomovirus (DNA-A and DNA-B genome components) that belongs to the family Geminividae (Walkely et al., 1990). It causes severe crop losses, particularly in watermelon and melon (Lecoq et al.,1994). In Sudan, WCSV causes high reduction in yield and quality of watermelon, melon, snake cucumber and squashes. Leaves of infected plants are crinkled, stunted and develop striking chlorotic mottle. The whole plant looked stunted and chlorotic and may be devoid of marketable fruits (Walkely et al., 1990). Resistance to major diseases is very common among indigenous Sudanese melons, Tibish and agrestis (C. melo var. agrestis), compared to other melon types (Mohamed, 2000).
Experiments were conducted at the University of Gezira Research Farm in April (1996-1997) to identify a natural source of resistance to watermelon chlorotic stunt virus in Cucumis melo L. The screened material included: 101 accessions of C. melo var. cantalupensis and C. melo var flexuousus collected in Sudan; nine accessions belong to the indigenous Humaid type (C. melo var. agrestis) and eleven introduced lines such as P1 313970, P1 131375, Pl 255478, Vedrantais, Nantais Oblong, MR-I, Isoblon, Virgos, Margot and Zumo. The inoculation pressure of the virus in the field was increased by growing plants of the susceptible watermelon cultivar "Sugar Baby", obtained from Peto Seed Company, about one month before conducting the screening experiments
الخصائص النفسية الاجتماعية لأطفال التوحد من وجهة نظر المختصين
No full text هدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة علاقة التفكير ما وراء المعرفي بحجم الأسرة، وترتيب الطالب الموهوب فيها ومستوى تعليم الآباء. ولتحقيق ذلك قامت الباحثة بتطبيق مقياس مهارات ما وراء المعرفة على أفراد العينة البالغ عددهم (21) طالباً وطالبة، وتكونت من طلاب الصف الثاني بمدارس عبدالله الطيب للموهبة والتمييز الثانوية للعام الدراسي 2019- 2020م ببحري، اتبعت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي، وبعد المعالجات الإحصائية أظهرت نتائج البحث: عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لدى الموهوبين وترتيبهم في الأسرة، كما لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين التفكير ما وراء المعرفي ومستوى تعليم الآباء، على ضوء النتائج التي كشف عنها البحث أوصت الباحثة بعدة توصيات، منها: ضرورة تزويد القائمين على تخطيط وتطوير المناهج الدراسية الوضع في الحسبان تطبيق برامج تنمية مهارات التفكير في مراحل التعليم المختلفة. اقترحت الباحثة إجراء دراسات للتعرف على اتجاهات المعلمين نحو برامج التفكير، تطبيق المزيد من البحوث التجريبية عن برامج تنمية مهارات التفكير المختلفة لجميع المراحل التعليمية
Assessment of Calcium, Phosphate and Magnesium Levels among Sudanese Children with Malnutrition Ibrahim Malik Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
Get PDFBackground: Malnutrition is currently the most widespread and serious health problem of children in the world.
Objective: This study aimed to assess calcium, phosphate and magnesium levels among Sudanese Children with Malnutrition.
Materials and Methods:This is a hospital based case control study, which was conducted in the period from 2014 to 2015.A total of 120 samples were collected (60 patients and 60 apparently healthy individuals served as control.Quantitative method by mindary BS200 was used to estimate calcium, phosphorus and magnesium levels in Sudanese children with malnutrition and control group. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: The results showed that 31 (52%) of patients were males and 29 (48%) were females. Thirty seven 37(62%) of malnourished children had Marasmus, 15(25%) of them had Kwash and 8(13%) had marasmic kwash. Forty four 44(73%) of the malnourished children were less than 12 month while 16(27%) were more than 12 month.Mean of BMI, calcium, phosphate and magnesium in patients and control groups when compared showed a significantly decreased in malnourished children as BMI (12.25±0.91 versus 14.71±0.76) calcium (5.59±0.98 versus 9.19±0.62) phosphorus (2.81±0.45 versus 5.26±2.3) magnesium (1.01±0.24 versus 1.91±0.18) P-values 0.006, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.000 respectively. Plasma calcium and magnesium levels in males did not reveal significant change versus female group whereas phosphate element significantly decreased among females, p.value 0.038. There was positive correlation between BMI,Calcium and Phosphorous levels (R=0.269, P=0.038 and (R=0.258, P=0.044) while there was no correlation between BMI and magnesium level (R=0.074, P=0.572).
Conclusion: This study concluded that, calcium, phosphorous and magnesium levels were reduced in malnutrition children patients, and phosphate element decreased among female group rather than male
النظام القانوني للشيكات
No full textهدف البحث إلى تناول موضوع المقاصة الإلكترونية للشيكات بوصفها خدمة مقدمة من المصارف، والتعرف على نشأة وتطور أنظمة المقاصة، إبراز دور السودان بحسبانه من البلدان التي تبنت عملية المقاصة الإلكترونية للصكوك أسلوباً متطوراً لمقاصة الشيك ليواكب آخر ما وصلت إليه تكنولوجيا المعلومات المصرفية. اتبع البحث المنهج التاريخي التحليلي. توصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج وتوصيات، من أهمها: الشيك الإلكتروني هو المكافئ الإلكتروني للشيكات الورقية التقليدية التي اعتدنا التعامل بها، كما يتضمن الشيك الإلكتروني شروط وإجراءات وأحكام الصك التقليدي نفسها، ويخضع إلى الإطار القانوني نفسه المقرر في الصكوك الورقية، وأنّ البيانات الإلزامية والاختيارية للصك الإلكتروني تقترب كثيراً من البيانات التي ترد في الصك التقليدي إلا ما استثنى تبعاً لطبيعة كل منهما؛ فالصكوك الإلكترونية يتم تحريرها والتعامل بها، وقد أوصى الباحث بالآتي: على المشرع السوداني أن ينظم أحكام الشيك الإلكتروني في قانون المعاملات الإلكترونية السوداني لسنة 2007م، ويوضح أحكامه وبياناته الإلزامية ليكون بديلاً عن الصك التقليدي المكتوب يدوياً بوصفه وسيلة وفاء مستحقة الأداء لدى الاطلاع، وتعميم العمل بالشيك الإلكتروني لتفادي ما قد ينجم عن الصك التقليدي من مشكلات عدم ضمان الوفاء لعدم وجود رصيد ، وأساليب النصب والاحتيال المحيطة به.
 
Effects of Irrigation Interval, Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Grain Yield and biomass of Wheat
Get PDFThis study was conducted for two successive seasons of 1998/1999 and 1999/2000, at the Gezira Research Station Farm, Agricultural Research Corporation, Sudan, to investigate the effects of irrigation interval, nitrogen and phosphorus levels on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.( yield and yield components. The study consisted of three irrigation intervals (7,14,21 days), three N levels (0, 43 and 86 kg N/ha) and two P levels (0 and 43 kg P205/ha). Treatments were arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications. Results showed that the irrigation intervals of 7 and 14 days had positive effects on wheat grain and total dry matter yield as compared to the 21 days irrigation interval which negatively affected these parameters. Plants of the latter treatment were dwarf with thin stems and matured earlier resulting in low grain and biomass yields. The study, also, showed that the highest wheat yield was obtained with the application of N and P at the rates of 86 kg N and 43 kg P2O5/ha, respectively, with the irrigation interval of 7 days.