Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN - International University of Sarajevo)
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Artificial intelligence in computer networks
Get PDFArtificial Intelligence (AI) has been defined as a modern and intense scientific topic that enables computer-based systems or embedded systems to divide and solve problems by simulating complex biological procedures that are represented by specific algorithms along with (learning, reasoning, as well as self-correction). The present study provides a detailed assessment and review of applications of various artificial intelligence approaches for the purpose of improving the general efficiency of optical communication structures and networks and network systems in general. Using the AI-based approaches has been researched at first in the applications that are associated with the optic transmissions, beginning by characterizing and operating the additives of the network for the monitoring of the performance, estimation of transmission quality and nonlinearities mitigation. Ultimately, this study has provided as well a summary of advantages and issues in the optical networks in which artificial intelligence is expected to have an important impact on near future and which represent areas of research expected to be popular in this discipline
The use of planning in crisis management and its impact on the educational sector: An analytical exploratory study at the Dor Institute of the Northern Technical University
Get PDFThe educational system in universities has been exposed to several crises, the most recent of which is the Corona crisis, which affected the educational systems followed and the latest change in the education system, which turned to e-learning systems to prevent the spread of the epidemic and preserve the lives of students from infection, so the types and forms of crisis management systems differed in the diversity of planning methods and what it contains From (realistic, comprehensive, coordination, integration, timing, participation, provision of the necessary resources), so the educational administration followed the distance education strategy with the availability of places for social distancing and keeping the geographical space allocated to the university as it is. In order to overcome the problem of availability and wide spaces for study halls and laboratories, various planning methods must be used, as it is possible to use crisis management approaches, given that crises have become an integral part of the fabric of contemporary life, and that the occurrence of crises has become a fact of daily life, and the name of each crisis has become It is associated with a special type of disaster. One of the characteristics of the crisis is entering into a circle of future unknowns that are difficult to know or accurately calculate, given that the real danger of the crisis does not go away or relates to the past and the present only, but is strongly oriented towards what the crisis may lead to in the future, so it required intensive professional training for workers In the field of education, on how to face crises, develop their awareness of the characteristics and nature of the crisis, and develop their skills that must be available in those managing the educational process to enable them to deal effectively with various crises . The study dealt with the correlation and the impact of planning and crisis management on the educational sector by relying on an academic sample of (128) teachers and academic staff
Association of interleukin-6 level and DNA polymorphism in type 2 diabetic patients in Kirkuk city
Get PDFThe basic inflammatory factor interleukin-6 plays an important role in the inflammatory response. It has been shown that IL-6 has a role in insulin resistance and T2DM. The IL-6 gene is found on chromosome 7p15-p21 in humans, it works via a receptor composed of two components, the IL-6 receptor, and gp130. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the regulatory areas of IL-6R genes influence their expression levels and are linked to a higher risk of T2DM. There were 80 T2DM patients and 80 healthy people enrolled in the present work. Fasting blood glucose levels, HbA1C, and IL-6 concentrations were estimated in both groups. The allelic frequencies of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2229238, rs4845625) were identified by PCR-SSP. In this study, we found that the fasting blood sugar levels, HbA1c, and IL-6 levels were statistically highly significant in patients in comparison with controls. In regarding the association of genotypic (CC, CT, TT) and allelic frequencies of rs2229238, and rs4845625 polymorphism of the gene IL6R, and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The results of PCR-SPP products of rs2229238 (C/T) of the IL6R gene indicated the significant correlation the rs4845625 IL6R polymorphism with T2DM, where no significant association was observed between these genotypes (CC, CT, TT) and allelic (T) frequencies of rs2229238 as a risk factor and T2D
E-government based on the blockchain technology, and the evaluation of its transaction through the number of transactions completed per second
Get PDFBlockchain technology is one of the basic technologies for securing data sharing and storage across peer-to-peer systems in a distributed and untrusted network. Information is stored in electronic governance, which is considered sensitive data about citizens and companies and is the focus of external attacks. E-government has one point of failure and depends on centralization, and the decision is in the hands of one party or one official. Therefore, a secure and distributed electronic system for e-governance based on blockchain technology has been proposed. The system consists of several entities, organizations or nodes responsible for consensus to make decisions. Users are given the right to raise a transaction or send a request. The transaction is evaluated by auditors, and the citizen acquires a smart contract as a way out. The proposed system was compared with electronic governance systems without the use of blockchain technology. The proposed system was tested and compared with the previous systems, and it was found that the proposed system was superior in terms of security, the speed of processing the transaction and the time of filing the transaction
Utilizing of shields factors for sedimentation movements and drainage channels at the middle of Iraq (as a case study)
Get PDFThe shields factor seems to be a non-dimensional quantity which is utilized to determine the commencement of sediments movement in channels. This study intends to analyze sediments movement in channels of drainage and irrigation in Iraq by utilizing these characteristics as a determinant, and to establish a suitable formula to describe this impact in estimating sediments discharge. Based on seasonal unpredictability of the data, the field and laboratory work was completed across a 36-month period from January 2015 to January 2018. The soil texture was silty sand with a little clay amount, and the specific gravity magnitudes of the soil specimens vary from 2.66-2.73. Furthermore, the Shields factor magnitudes (θ) for movement were greater comparison with the critical magnitudes (θcr) in all channels; sediments transmission has been situated along the channels, according to the research. Using the Shields factor, two logarithmic formulas have been devised to quantify sediments discharge. The Flowing in irrigation channels has a correlation magnitude of 0.9007, whereas the Flowing in drainage channels has a correlation coefficient of 0.644. This demonstrated that the shields factor and sediments transport in irrigation channels had a significant degree of association. The drainage channels, on the other hand, have a significantly lower degree of correlation. This reflects the requirement to design a routine maintenance schedule for certain channels and to ensure that hydraulic Flowing criteria are met
Effect montmorillonite clay as aggregate in lightweight concrete cement-free
Get PDFLight weight concrete has many advantages that can be used in the construction of buildings. Perhaps one of the most important of these features is its light weight, which contributes a lot to reducing stress on the soil, which provides the possibility of rising buildings and increasing the number of floors. In addition to its role in thermal insulation and its impact on reducing the consumption of energy sources in cooling and heating, light weight concrete is considered one of the sustainability factors in buildings. One of the second major factors in sustainability is to reduce or avoid the use of cement in the manufacture of this concrete, because of the harmful effects of cement on the environment and global warming. Cement-free concrete is considered a sustainable material in terms of its depletion of the waste materials and spin-off products from different industries apposite of consumption of natural resources in the cement industry (mud, limestone). In this research first aim is to produce lightweight cement-free concrete using pozzolanic material and montmorillonite clay as coarse and fine aggregate. Studying some properties of producing light weight concrete (density, compression, tensile) with different ages (7, 28, 56) days
Improve a secure blind watermarking technique for digital video
Get PDFIn recent years, digital watermark video has become increasingly popular in a range of industries, but because it is widely available on the Internet, it is simple to make unlawful copies and tamper with digital video. Watermarking digital video has become more popular as a method of detecting changes and preventing illegal duplication. This paper presents a video copyright protection system that is secure, blind, and robust. Two approaches that are resistant to diverse attacks are proposed in this research. The initial step is to encrypt a hybrid watermark (Message, Image) using two different encryption techniques (RSA and AES). The second is a steganography technique based on LSB-based robust watermarking, which embeds an encrypted secret bit Message and Image in key frames of an MP4 video file by utilizing the mean of the grayscale images that differ and take the most significant differences between the two images. The intensity of the histogram will become more consistent across all pixels as the encryption quality improves. For keyframe watermarking in the spatial domain, the proposed methods can maintain the watermarked information while achieving high imperceptibility and a Peak Single to Noise Ratio [PSNR] equivalent to more than 50 db, where quality measures (MSE, PSNR, and correlation coefficient) that calculate the levels of distortion caused by embedding a watermark in digital video produce good results
The shifting in the media labor market and its impact on the visual communication designers\u27 characteristics
Get PDFThis paper deals with the latest developments in the media labor market for visual communication design and its transformation into an interactive labor market. The shift cleared the urgent need for new generations of digital communication designers, who would have unique characteristics that enable them to meet the new challenges of the labor market. The creation of new methods for interactive advertisements and virtual and augmented reality technologies in conveying news and various topics represents a qualitative leap towards the near future in media design. Which requires developing the capabilities of designers in these areas to comply with future needs in the new interactive labor market. The research used interviews and discussions with groups interested in developing the profession of visual communication design. The study reached to identify the features of the interactive digital labor market, the characteristics that must be available in new visual communication designers, and the interactive relationship between them to draw a framework governing the educational process in visual communication and media design
Traffic volume and waiting time influence on gap acceptance of selected change direction U-turn opening
Get PDFThe vehicles moving on change direction U-turn opening have to spend some time while the acceptable headway provided on conflicting main traffic flow. The present paper investigated the effect of waiting time and traffic volume increasing on gap acceptance behavior, critical gap limit, and U-turn capacity. The data were collected at selected change direction U-turn in Najaf city (center city of the Najaf governorate located approximately 160 km south of Baghdad, the capital of Iraq) within Najaf city highways network. The study concentrated on the passenger cars driver movement at change direction U-turn openings. The analysis approach depended on evaluating these parameters and their degree of influence on U-turn capacity is statistical analysis. statistical analysis established that, when waiting time fall in a range between 21- 30 sec, driver enforced to accept gap size less than that fall in the range of 11 to 20 sec at a confidence interval of 95%. On the other hand, there is a slightly different in mean gap acceptance between an interval of (1-10) and (11-20) sec) at the same confidence interval. Results showed the studied U- turn change direction median critical gap equal to 3.75 sec. and follow-up time was 1.1 seconds. According to Siegloch’s formula the maximum capacity of 3273pcu/ hr. At level of confidence of 95%, the mean value of the highest wait time group interval is lower than the critical gap. Therefore, the studied change direction U-turn might be hazard location and it is important to control and manage at the median opening
Ultrasound assisted extraction of carotenoids from Sargassum Angustifolium algae
Get PDFAn experimental batch extraction method was studied to obtain a carotenoid pigment from dried Sargassum Angustifolium algae using ultrasound as an enhancer and a mixture of ethanol-isopropanol as a solvent. The purpose of this work is to investigate the extraction kinetics as well as the temperature effects (303 to 333) K, solvent concentration (40% ethanol - 60% isopropanol to 60% ethanol - 40% isopropanol) and particle size (250 - 500, 500 - 710 and 710 - 1000) micrometer. Also, the effect of collecting, drying and transporting Sargassum Angustifolium algae on the total carotenoids extraction from dried algae was studied. The ultimate extraction value of the carotenoids was found to be 0.29% from algae. A batch model for extraction was created and numerically solved. The model parameters were calculated using existing empirical correlations and data gathered during this project. The model predicts the mass transport rate constant and saturation capacity at various temperatures. Furthermore, the energy of activation and frequency factor of the extraction process were enumerated and it was found that the process is endothermic with activation energy equals 28.9 kJ/mol. The utilized mathematical model agreed well with the experimental data, allowing it to be used in modeling and improving the carotenoids extracting process from Sargassum Angustifolium algae