Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN - International University of Sarajevo)
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Hybrid cat swarm optimization with war strategy optimization for solving optimization problems
Get PDFThe user-friendly and adaptable nature-inspired meta-heuristic algorithms have significantly contributed to their increasing appeal across several scientific fields, including computer science, mathematics, artificial intelligence, and operations research. The algorithms are constructed upon the core notions of exploration and exploitation. This study presents a fresh technique to optimizing issues by utilizing the War Strategy Optimization (WSO) method. The recommended technique involves utilizing the WSO algorithm in con-junction with the Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithm. The term used to describe this algorithm that combines different methods is C-WSO. The implementation of swarm intelligence approaches has led to the improvement of the capabilities of both algorithms.A total of fifty benchmark test functions were adopted to assess the efficacy of the newly proposed C-WSO approach. Definite functions exhibited multimodality, while others were unimodal, and they were executed across diverse dimensions. Our investigations revealed that the C-WSO algorithm outperformed the original WSO approach. The method\u27s performance has been assessed using a diverse range of measures, including the median, mean, and standard deviation of the fitness function values. Repeated evidence has exposed that the C-WSO approach surpasses the WSO algorithm in terms of effectiveness, creating it a viable and practi-cal choice for solving complex optimization problems
Long-term effect of economic status on auditors\u27 professional skepticism
Get PDFThe goal of the current study was to look into how financial stability affected auditors\u27 professional skepti-cism. One of the elements that reflects the level of an auditor\u27s professional skepticism in the auditor\u27s choices is prior job experience. Regarding this, 759 businesses registered on the Iraq Stock Exchange were chosen between 2011 and 2021 using the systematic elimination approach. Due to the 2D structure of the logistic dependent variable, the research\u27s regression model was put to the test. The outcome of the research hypothesis test revealed that the auditor\u27s decision-making and judgment were significantly impacted by the economic climate at the start of their assignment. Additionally, it was discovered that businesses that have their financial reports audited by auditors during a recession are less inclined to do so. Our study supported prior research on a range of demographics, including economists, scientists, attorneys, investment bankers, and corporate executives, by demonstrating that the early career stage is a crucial era for auditors\u27 formative development. Our findings may have wide-ranging repercussions for the auditing industry. Our findings imply that there may be a dearth of skeptic auditors in a region following extended periods of economic expansion. Our research serves as a first step in the direction of a deeper comprehension of the formation and recruitment of auditors in the labor market. 
Experimental investigation and statistical modelling for assessing the sliding wear of Futilized Filament Fabrication (FFF) fabricated parts
Get PDFA significant historical enabler for the improvement of industrial goods has been the characterization of novel materials. For example, a large variety of polymeric materials are readily accessible to manufacture the appropriate items depending on the production method. Due to its capacity to produce components with complicated geometries without the need for tools or a human interface, fused filament fabrication (FFF) is acquiring a unique edge in the industrial sector. By adjusting process parameters at the right values, the qualities of FFF-built items may be enhanced since they rely heavily on these factors. Increasing the service life of functioning components requires taking wear resistance into account. Because of this, the current work concentrates on a thorough investigation to comprehend the impact of 3 crucial elements, including layer thickness, printing speed, also infill density, infill density, and the sliding wear of test specimens. A mechanism of wear is explained by utilizing microphotographs
A novel nomadic people optimizer-based energy-efficient routing for WBAN
Get PDFIn response to user demand for wearable devices, several WBAN deployments now call for effective communication processes for remote data monitoring in real time. Using sensor networks, intelligent wearable devices have exchanged data that has benefited in the evaluation of possible security hazards. If smart wearables in sensor networks use an excessive amount of power during data transmission, both network lifetime and data transmission performance may suffer. Despite the network\u27s effective data transmission, smart wearable patches include data that has been combined from several sources utilizing common aggregators. Data analysis requires careful network lifespan control throughout the aggregation phase. By using the Nomadic People Optimizer-based Energy-Efficient Routing (NPO-EER) approach, which effectively allows smart wearable patches by minimizing data aggregation time and eliminating routing loops, the network lifetime has been preserved in this research. The obtained findings showed that the NPO method had a great solution. Estimated Aggregation time, Energy consumption, Delay, and throughput have all been shown to be accurate indicators of the system\u27s performance
Estimating systems reliability functions for the generalized exponential distribution with application
Get PDFThis article dealt with estimating and analyzing the reliability function for hybrid systems. The hybrid sys-tems included series-parallel and parallel-series with symmetric components representing the machine\u27s op-eration times; these times follow a generalized exponential distribution. Furthermore, we suggested employ-ing a hybrid system parallel series in the application part of this research, which includes the operation times of Baghdad\u27s Vegetable Oil factory machines. The results of the reliability function for the factory system indicate that the probability that the factory machines will stop during the first hour is more than 40%. Still, if the hybrid parallel-series system is applied, the probability that the factory operating system will not stop during the second hour becomes 80%
Evaluation of prescribed medication pattern and adherence to treatment plans among breast cancer patients at KHCC
Get PDFAdherence to treatment plans as per the prescribed medication pattern is essential to ensure better treatment outcomes. However, unfortunately, a large sum of patients often disregards this area and tend to show non-compliance to this behavior, leading towards worst treatment scenarios. The current work is dedicated to the evaluation of prescribed medication patterns and adherence to treatment plans among breast cancer patients. The study is designed on a survey approach. The study sample involved 80 participants (55 breast cancer patients and 25 breast surgeons) enrolled at the King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) in Amman, Jordan. In order to accumulate the required data, a questionnaire was designed and sent to the respondents in KHCC. The respondents were asked to reflect on their experience and identify the primary aspects leading to non-adherence to treatment plans among patients. After separately analyzing the questionnaires’, responses sub-mitted by the patients and surgeons, it was noted that patients consider psychological and social factors to be the primary cause of non-adherence behavior, whereas the surgeons attributed this behavior as a result of medication side effects and the complexity of treatments. Hence, it has been concluded that consideration must be paid to alleviating the aspects leading towards these causes so as to ensure patients’ maximum par-ticipation in their medication plans and augment the efficacy of therapies.
 
Identifying the determinants of tax following intention with emphasis on the theory of planned behavior
Get PDFThis research aims to identify the determinants of tax compliance intention, focusing on the theory of planned behavior. This research is practical in its objective and causal in its method. The data collection method was a questionnaire survey with confirmed validity and reliability. The statistical population of this research includes all managers and owners of small and medium enterprises in Iraq, and because the com-pany is unlimited, a sample of 384 companies was studied. The research results show that attitude, per-ceived behavioral control, and patriotism towards tax compliance are significantly positively related to the intention to facilitate the payment of sales tax among small and medium enterprises
Exploring banking competition in Croatia by using the Panzar-Rosse model
Get PDFThe performance commercial banks in the Croatia have been widely studied, but there is little known about the examination of the nature of competition. For these reasons, it is important to investigate whether the banking sector in Croatia exerts monopoly or monopolistic behavior. This research empirically explores the nature of competition in the Croatian banking sector by covering 24 commercial banks between 2008 and 2018. In this vein, the panel data analysis was used along with H-Statistics. This study for Croatia and its findings confirms early findings of the existence of monopolistic competition in the most transition and developing countries. In fact, the findings obtained from this study reveals that the commercial banks in Croatia operate under monopolistic structure. Moreover, the results reveal that variable of RIETD, RLTA, RETA, and RDTA are statically significant. It indicates that banks operated in Croatia are focus more on traditional loans than other activities
An intelligent approach for enhancing the quality of service in IoMT based on 5G
Get PDFThe concept and growth of superior individualized healthcare technologies are influenced in significant ways by the rising areas of “Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT)”. Most people use wearable devices for mHealth, hence there are many potential applications for the “Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)”. Only 5G can provide the necessary support for smart medical devices to perform many different types of demanding computing activities. Today, heart disease was the major mortality on a global scale. For patients who need a greater accurate diagnosis and treatment, the advancement of medical innova-tion has created new obstacles. Although many studies have focused on diagnosing cardiac disease, the find-ings are often inaccurate and fail to fulfill patients\u27 expectations of quality of service (QoS). So, this paper introduces a novel “feed-forward Bi-directional long-short term memory (FF-Bi-LSTM) algorithm to predict heart disease more accurately with enhanced QoS in IoMT based on 5G”. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and min-max normalization are employed, respectively, for preprocessing and feature extraction. Several measures, including precision, recall, accuracy, and f1-score, are used to the assess effectiveness of the suggested strategy. The proposed method also compared to certain existing techniques. These results show that the suggested strategy outperforms existing strategies in terms of improving QoS
Exploring the structural behavior of recycled aggregates concrete pipe under dynamic loads through experimental and numerical investigation
Get PDFThe most used material in construction is concrete. This study aimed to investigate the impact of recycled aggregate on compressive and tensile strength in concrete. To address the issue of accumulating tons of re-cycled aggregates, a new method was developed using chemical additive fractions to convert these aggre-gates into valuable products. The overconsumption of materials is a significant problem that leads to route overflow, pollution, and road fragmentation. The mechanical properties of corroded concrete pipes were also examined through a series of tests and the development of an ABAQUS-based 3D finite element model. It was discovered that the inside of the pipe wall was more vulnerable to damage than the outside, with cor-roded areas experiencing large stresses and strains. As corrosion depth increased, so did maximum principal stress and hoop strain in the affected region. Fear increased rapidly at first (0-10°), then decreased rapidly (10-45°), before gradually decreasing with increasing erosion latitude (45-180°). Additionally, both circum-ferential strain and maximum principal stress increased rapidly with greater depth of coverage or increasing moving loads