Andalas Journal of International Studies
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STRATEGY OF INDONESIA GOVERNMENT TO MANTAINS PALM OIL MARKET IN INDIA
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the factors cause a decrease market share of Indonesia palm oil in India and its implications, and to know the Indonesia government’s strategy maintains the palm oil market in India. The method used is descriptive analysis using theory of competitive adventage diamond model of Michael Porter and Development state theory. The scope of study between 2010 and 2015. The results showed that cause of the decline in the market share of Indonesia palm oil in India due to the application of duty Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is higher than its derivative products in Indonesia, Increased demand for Malaysia palm oil by India and development of palm oil industry in India. The implications of this decline include the loss of potential tax revenue and export volume of palm oil as well as disrupt the Indonesia palm oil industry. Strategy by the Indonesia government is implementing Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Supporting Fund (CSF), Indonesia Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) Chennai (India) and Palm Oil Industrial Cluster. Strategy Indonesia government maintains the palm oil market in India has shown a positive effect. Although some parts are not running perfectly. The government as a stimulant to increase competitiveness of Indonesia palm oil is felt has done its job as it should. Futhermore, this strategy can be continued with evaluation and continuous improvement. Keyword: India, Export Palm Oil, Competitive Advantage, Development State, Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Supporting Fund (CSF). Indonesian Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) Chennai, Oil Palm Industry Cluster (KIKS)
Penanganan Penyelundupan Manusia Di Wilayah Pesisir Provinsi Lampung
Full text linkCoastal Lampung is one of the areas visited by immigrant, the asylum seekers, before heading to the destination country. They come from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sudan, and Somalia. Immigrants left their home countries because of conflict and socio-economic conditions. The concept of maritime development must pay attention to the social security aspect of illegal immigrants, and people smuggling. The specific purpose of this study is to get a development model for cooperation in handling human smuggling in the Lampung Coastal Region. This study uses the Lani Kass formula regarding non traditional security threats. From the formula, the researcher will explain the descriptive qualitative method of three aspects, such as vulnerability, the intention of the foreigners’s arrival and state capabilities. The result of this study shows that there is already a model of cooperation for handling people smuggling in Lampung, including to reach the coastal areas. Inter-party cooperation coordinated by the Ministry of Political, Legal and Security Coordination involves up to the regional government. The efforts to handle people smuggling in Lampung was intense around 2008 and faded around 2015. There was a dependency from the part of the regional government on the central government's budget and programs, and cooperation initiated by the central government with international organizations such as IOM, UNHCR and the destination countries of the refugees. The increasing cases have not been responded to by the government with adequate regulation and handling efforts. Indonesia has not signed a refugee convention, also affects the absence of regional regulations regarding people smuggling. Key words: People Smuggling, Vulnerability, Intention, State Capabilities, Local Governmen
Post-Disaster Relocation of Urban Coastal Communities in the Philippines
Full text linkThis paper examines the super typhoon Haiyan disaster as a case study that demonstrates the full complexity of multidimensional challenges, vulnerabilities, and adaptation needs of urban coastal communities at high risk of future impacts. Anchored on the Coastal Relocation Potential framework developed by Bukvic, Smith, and Zhang (2015), this qualitative research gathered data using a combination of desk research and field works in three urban coastal villages of Tacloban City highly devastated by Haiyan. Results showed that residents in urban coastal communities consider the following factors in deciding to relocate or not: a) household level socio-economic factors, b) psychosocial and physical impacts, c) post-disaster recovery concerns, and d) relocation assistance support needs. The study argues that policy-makers need proper planning, participatory consultation and great consideration to the socio-economic impacts it will cause to coastal dwellers, majority of which is urban-poor families
Strategi NGO Lingkungan Dalam Menangani Polusi Udara di Jakarta (Greenpeace Indonesia)
Full text linkAir pollution is one of the global problems being faced by most major cities in the world. As the problem of air pollution increases, non-state actors emerge because of the limited role of the state in tackling these environmental problems. One of the non-state actors who is concerned about the problem of air pollution is Greenpeace which is a form of international non-governmental organizations. This study aims to describe an understanding of environmental NGO strategies in overcoming air pollution in Jakarta. The researcher uses qualitative research methods with a literature study approach. In library studies, data and information are collected and analyzed to understand the phenomenon under review. Based on the results of discussion and data analysis, Greenpeace has implemented its strategy in overcoming air pollution in Jakarta. From the nine strategies described by McCormick, Greenpeace has a tendency to use undertaking research strategies and Campaigning & organizing public protes
RESOURCE AMASSEMENT AS A TOOL OF MAXIMIZING SEA POWER IN THE INDIAN OCEAN
No full text The paper discusses the fundamentals behind the Indian Ocean as the new pivotal of the twenty-first century cauldron, bearing high-yielding economic driving potential analyzed from the sparsely deliberated Classical Realist vistas of Morgenthau that form an intertwine between accumulation of resources and maximization of power. The aim of paper is to provide new dimensions to the IOR rivalry between the power-players whose preponderance remains vital to the control of the sea resources. The present geopolitical settings embedded in the virtues of multifaceted interdependence would not allow for war to be denominated as an appropriate strategy to win the concentrated control of sea wealth. Indian Ocean residues abundant possessions vibrant for the sustenance of human society, economic upheavals and for the purpose of modernizing military capabilities. The Blue Economy approach is subject of discussion in the study offers a way-out, stipulating joint development of resources as the rational approach which would foster cooperation, stability of the Sea-Lines of Communications and smooth running of the economic engines. The proposed approach would provide benefits extending to major littoral and regional states including India, China and Pakistan but also to the foreign stakeholders in the form of United States and Europe. Key words: Sea Power, Power Maximization, Resource Politics, Blue Econom
Hacktivist pada Pergerakan Sosial Transnasional: Kampanye Anonymous melawan Jaringan Teroris Transnasional 2015-2016
Full text linkLatar belakang artikel ini adalah aktivitas kampanye Anonymous melawan jaringan teroris transnasional. Kampanye tersebut perlu dibahas karena dilakukan oleh jaringan transnasional terhadap jaringan transnasional lainnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik pergerakan sosial transnasional dalam kampanye Anonymous melawan jaringan teroris transnasional. Konsep yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah pergerakan sosial transnasional dari S. Tarrow yang berfokus pada empat karakteristik yaitu kesempatan politik, struktur mobilisasi, kerangka tindakan kolektif, serta repertoar perlawanan. Dari hasil penelusuran artikel ini, diketahui kampanye Anonymous melawan jaringan teroris transnasional terdiri dari enam operasi yang dilakukan selama periode 2015-2016. Operasi tersebut dilakukan oleh enam kelompok peretas sebagai bagian dari Anonymous terhadap Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) dan Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) sebagai targetnya. Artikel ini menemukan Anonymous melakukan empat karakteristik pergerakan sosial transnasional dari S. Tarrow dalam enam kampanye terhadap jaringan teroris transnasional. Lebih lanjut, terdapat ciri khas tersendiri dari Anonymous sebagai aktor pergerakan sosial transnasional
Analisis Konstruktivisme: Prilaku Korea Utara Terhadap Denuklirisasi
Full text linkTulisan ini berupaya untuk menjelaskan perubahan sikap Korea Utara terkait komitmennya dalam menghentikan program senjata nuklir. Dimulai dengan uji coba misil balistik pada tahun 2017, menuai beragam penolakan dari Cina, Korea Selatan, dan Amerika Serikat. Hingga pada April 2018, ditandatanganinya Deklarasi Pamunjom antara Korea Utara dan Korea Selatan, diiringi dengan diadakannya pertemuan Amerika Serikat dan Korea Utara pada Juni 2018 tentang denuklirisasi Korea Utara. Namun, lima bulan kemudian, IAEA melaporkan bahwa Korea Utara ternyata masih melanjutkan proram nuklirnya. Mangkirnya Korea Utara dari komitmennya disebabkan karena perbedaan identitas antara Korea utara dengan aktor lainnya di kawasan yang membentuk hubungan yang dipersepsikan sebagai rival dan kepentingan untuk mempertahankan diri
Fragmentasi Pemberontak Dan Durasi Perang Sipil: Thailand Selatan Pasca Dimediasi Organisasi Kerjasama Islam
Full text linkSouthern Thailand violent conflict, a civil war faced by Thailand Government against Pattani groups, has been lasted since 2004 without significant reconciliation.International organization, i.e., Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) has participated as the third actor striving for resolution. However, the conflict has been trapped in stagnancy. This study examines how three involving actors contributes to civil war duration. Third parties’ incapabilities, rebel fragmentation, and state’s power are the main reason why such a civil conflict could not reach a mutual agreement. Such conclusion is deduced based on qualitative data through two frameworks: Hourglass model and bargaining theory
The Use of Multitrack Diplomacy in The Liberation Of 10 Indonesian Ship Crew From The Abu Sayyaf Group 2016
Full text linkIndonesia was again shocked by the events of ship hijacking and hostage-taking of 10 Indonesian ship crew by the Abu Sayyaf separatist group in the Southern Philippines. This is not the first time for Indonesia where its citizens are held hostage by separatists, but the success of the Indonesian government in releasing hostages from Abu Sayyaf's group is interesting to discuss because 10 Indonesian ship crew members who were hostages were able to be released less than 3 months after the hijacking, without ransom and without firing contact. So the question arises as to how Indonesia’s diplomacy strategy is in the release of 10 Indonesian ship crew from the Abu Sayyaf group? In answering the above questions, the writer used the concept of diplomacy, multi-track diplomacy, and peacemaking. The results of this study are the diplomacy strategy used by Indonesia is Total Diplomacy where in addition to running the first track diplomacy also runs second track diplomacy involving track two (non-governmental and professional actors) and track four (civilian population). Keywords: Indonesian Diplomacy, Abu Sayyaf, Multi-Track Diplomacy, Total Diplomac
The Modi Factor: The Role Of Narendra Modi’s Idiosyncratic Factors In India’s Foreign Policy Responses Towards China Pakistan Economic Corridor
Full text linkThe development of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), as part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), is one of the causes of worsening Sino-Indian relations in recent years. The Economic Corridor runs through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir, which India has claimed as its territory for decades. India sees thie Project as a violation of its sovereignty, but China defends the Project, saying that it is purely an economic connectivity project without strategic purposes. Seeing the possible worsening relations, India initiated to invite Xi Jinping for an Informal Summit with Narendra Modi. With a longstanding historical relationship with China, and his personal style diplomacy, Modi manages to fix some misconception with Xi Jinping on several issues. While trying to fix Sino-Indian relations, Narendra Modi is at the same time still firm on its opposition towards the Project. The authors observe that Narendra Modi’s personality plays a big role in India’s response towards China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Modi’s strong and assertive personality, coupled with his Hindu-nationalist belief, explained the Indian decision to firmly opposing the CPEC. On the other hand, the footprints of Modi’s charisma, personal-style diplomacy, and his longstanding relationship with China, are visible in the Wuhan Summit, in which Modi became the spearhead of diplomacy