Andalas Journal of International Studies
Not a member yet
166 research outputs found
Sort by
The Role of Private Military Companies in Defense Policy and Military Operations
Full text linkThis research explores the role of private military companies (PMCs) in defense policy and military operations. This research utilizes a qualitative approach, primarily relying on secondary data sources such as government reports, academic articles, and legal documents. The findings highlight PMCs' diverse legal and regulatory landscape, including international conventions and national legislation. These frameworks aim to provide oversight and accountability for the activities of PMCs, addressing their status, recruitment, and operational limitations. Furthermore, the study highlights the ethical considerations associated with using PMCs, such as human rights abuses, transparency, and accountability issues. Lastly, it uncovers the geopolitical implications of relying on PMCs, including the potential erosion of state sovereignty, regional power dynamics, and the risk of conflict escalation
Geopolitics of Gili Trawangan: Identity, Boundaries, and Access to Resources and Modernisation
Full text linkThe use of Gili Trawangan, a small island located northwest of Lombok, has changed from a place where fishers from Sulawesi anchored their boats to become a tourist spot visited by tourists from various regions and countries, particularly for SCUBA diving. From a geopolitical point of view, the fishermen, who were the first settlers of the island, now lose their control of the territory and find it difficult to access resources, culture and economy. Investors from outside the island and abroad have controlled this island geopolitically and create their own geopolitical identity. They use Western identities and cultures to dominate geopolitics in the strategic area on the island as the market wants. These are findings derived from a six-month field study on Gili Trawangan and direct interviews with early settlers and community leaders. Finally, the primary data was analysed using the geopolitical concepts of borders and identities
National Strategy for Maritime Security: The British Model (2014-2017)
Full text linkThis article aims to analyse the United Kingdom National Strategy on maritime security to deter risks and threats in its maritime domain and to secure its national interest beyond border. Using the theory of Sea power, the author analysed the growing complexity and challenges in global maritime domain as well as the UK’s outward looking strategy that aims to influence and project its power through Maritime Security Governance. By using qualitative research method, the findings of this study are that the UK emphasizes on developing defence engagement, economic development and diplomatic influence to secure its maritime interest by addressing the importance of maritime security government to fully implement the National Maritime Security Strategy and define actions to be taken in facilitating the objectives
The New Zealand Foreign Policy (2015-2019): Feminist Approach on Global Peacekeeping
Full text linkFeminism in international relations studies has brought new perspective with its focuses on women’s empowerment and gender equality. The adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 is a starting point of the world's attention on women’s active role in conflict and peace, encouraging UN member countries to participate in promoting Women, Peace, and Security (WPS). New Zealand, as the first self-governing country in the world to allow women suffrage in parliamentary elections, has been committed to promoting the WPS agenda, both in the region and globally. According to the Global Peace Index (GPI), New Zealand became the second most peaceful country in the world in the last few years. With no recent armed conflict and any external threats, New Zealand's National Action Plan (NAP) on the WPS agenda primarily focuses on external affairs. This article seeks to provide an analysis of how feminist values influence New Zealand’s foreign policy on peacekeeping efforts and its implications on global peace. Data shows that during the NAP implementation period (2015-2019), New Zealand has continuous improvement of GPI score, which is a measure of a country's level of peace. New Zealand's efforts to maintain world peace through its aid program to conflict-affected countries also have a relatively positive effect on the level of peace in these countries, as happened in Timor Leste and Papua New Guinea
The Global Pandemic of COVID-19 as a Non-Traditional Security Threat in Indonesia
Full text linkThe transition and development of forms of threats to the security of an international state at this time cannot always be resolved by armed forces and not only like war, this form of threat is known as non-traditional threat terms that threaten human security. The global Covid-19 pandemic not only poses a threat to aspects of national security but also has a major impact on human security. This study uses the Copenhagen perspective as the main theory in research and is supported by the concept of non-traditional security and the concept of securitization. This research method is a qualitative approach. The result shows that the global Covid-19 pandemic has provided various forms of threats to sectors on non-traditional security issues in Indonesia. The non-traditional security sectors that have received threats due to the global Covid-19 pandemic are several sectors such as Indonesian public health security, economic security, sociocultural security, etc
Kerja Sama Internasional dalam Mengatasi Dampak Negatif Cuaca Antariksa
Full text linkSpace weather refers to the dynamic condition of the sun and space environment and also its impacts on the technology system. Space weather influences human life because human depends on space assets like communication satellite and navigation. If there is a problem related to space weather, humans on Earth will feel it. This paper answers a question on how is international cooperation to overcome the negative impacts of space weather. The aim of this paper is to elaborate and analyze international cooperation to overcome the negative impacts of space weather by using international organization and cooperation theory. This paper used a descriptive method by describing the negative impacts of space weather and the international cooperation that has been conducted to overcome them. International Space Weather Initiative (ISWI), International Space Environment Service (ISES), and Pan-European Consortium for Aviation Space Weather User Services (PECASUS) were discussed in this paper. The analysis shows that ISWI, ISES, and PECASUS emerged due to awareness among countries regarding the negative impacts of space weather. Those international cooperation efforts have their respective duties and functions. However, all three are associative, contribute to human life in the future, and are able to control the behavior of member countries
Tujuan Utama Pejuang Asing dalam Melawan ISIS di Suriah
Full text linkISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) is a transnational terrorist organization that has carried out attacks in various countries so that it becomes a threat to the state and society. Initially, ISIS was based in Syria and Iraq and carried out a lot of violence there. ISIS recruits foreign fighters from various countries and is termed “jihadists”. On the other hand, the fight against ISIS is carried out by the state, militia, and foreign fighters. These foreign fighters came to Syria from various countries individually to fight ISIS. This research aims to answer research questions regarding the goals of foreign fighters in fighting ISIS. The research was conducted qualitatively by conducting interviews with a number of informants and then analyzed by coding techniques using Atlas.ti software. The findings of this study are that foreign fighters have individual, ethnic, religious, ideological goals, to stop the occupation, and to overthrow the government
Confrontation Analysis as an Alternative Model in International Relations: From Chinese Civil War to Korean War
Full text linkIn analyzing confrontation, academic studies in the field of International Relation are highly associated with conventional narrative approaches. Unfortunately, exclusive and excessive use of an approach in the field may hinder the academic development in the field. Earlier studies show that cross-fertilization internal and external approaches can promote scientific progress in the field. This study aims to promote the use of confrontation analysis, an analysis tool that is considered as external to the field of international relations. There are some studies in the field of international relations that utilize confrontation analysis in conflict modelling. Nonetheless, these studies are limited only to the cases of western hemisphere. This study focuses on the implementation of confrontation analysis in the conflict in East Asia region, i.e. Chinese civil war and Korean war. These cases are selected due to the abundant available information on these conflicts and the knowledge on these conflicts has matured. This study shows that confrontation analysis is able to explain the increase of escalation and its downturn during the conflict
Asymmetric Diplomacy and Securitization in the South China Sea
Full text linkSecuritization in the South China Sea (SCS) invites uncertainty in the current legal and diplomatic direction. The purpose of this study is to explain that the control of economic resources by involving the military has ignored the international order. The approach method is used in phenomenological research. Primary data from various sources, researcher discussions with various experts to get a comprehensive understanding. The results show that China, based on historical rights, has failed to defend the nine-dash line (NDL) before the arbitral tribunal, but China has succeeded in shifting the issue of who has the right to control uninhabited islands in the South China Sea region into a security issue. China has occupied and developed no man's coral island. The conclusion of the researcher is that a country's strategy is not enough to look at international law, but activities that may threaten to consider building new powers. The LCS securitization conflict has led to the emergence of Asimterics Diplomacy, a strategy. The reality of Chinese activity is booming. At least it has produced; polarizing the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), testing the effectiveness of international law, harnessing maritime potential, and expanding national defense lines.
Turkey and Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Relations: A Soft Power Approach towards Kurdish Question
Full text linkTurkey has long regarded Kurds as a homogenous entity that could threaten its territorial integrity and national security. There is animosity by the Turkish government towards the Kurds. This article attempts to analyze why there has been a paradigm shift and enhancement in Turkey-KRG relations, especially during AKP tenure, while analyzing the extent to which the effectiveness of the Turkey-KRG relationship can help Turkey resolve its Kurdish issue in peaceful ways. This research uses offensive realism as an analytical tool while deploying qualitative methods through explanatory and descriptive approaches in answering the problems raised. The study shows that the paradigm shift and the enhancement in Turkey-KRG relations can occur because Turkey seeks to pursue its goal, being a regional hegemon. In this way, Turkey can guarantee its survival, increase welfare, and preserve its political doctrine. However, the enhancement of Turkey-KRG relations shows less significant effectiveness in overcoming the Kurdish issue. As the Kurdish question is a domestic issue, it is Turkey itself that must find a solution t