Andalas Journal of International Studies
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Religious Terrorism
Get PDFThis article explores religious terrorism, a concept that has received a lot of attention from academics and the international community. It briefly looks at the definitions of terrorism and religious terrorism, in order to give clarity to the rest of the article. The article presents two sides of a debate. One side is that religious terrorism is in fact a unique and separate phenomenon. The other side is that “religious terrorism” is not fundamentally different from terrorism, and rather is a misrepresentative term made up by academics in the West in order to further their political agenda... The authors argue that even if some people to justify violent acts use religion, nevertheless the basic tenets of most religions are peace and tolerance. Religion has the potential to prevent, mediate, and resolve conflict, as well as heal and reconcile after violence has occurred. In order to counter terrorism, religious leaders need to work tirelessly around the world to uphold the peaceful aspects of religion
The performance of Free Aceh Movement (GAM) as a Ruling Government 2007-2012
Get PDFAceh is part of Indonesia’s archipelago which well known for its rich natural resources. These rich natural resources then lead into Acehnese dissatisfactory of the sharing proportion between Aceh and Jakarta which in turn lead into Aceh and Central government long conflict. After a long period of struggle, Acehnese finally manage to get their demand: having a special autonomy which entitles Aceh more freedom and share of natural resources. This article examines the performance of GAM as a ruling government in Aceh since 2007-1
The Strategic Partners and Strategic Competitors between China and United States in the Period of Barack Obama Administration
No full textThis essay will consider a number of perspectives to determine whether the relationship between China and United States is strategic partnersor strategic competitors. During the Obama administration, the policy toward China oscillates between being strategic partners and strategic competitors since the first time he became President in January 2009 until the present time. In this essay, I will argue that the relationship between China and the United States should be based on partnership rather than competition considering the strategic position of both countries in the world recently, especially in terms of economic cooperation. However, there is still a sense of competition between them, especially in military sectors. Sometimes, the relationship between them in this sector often brings the tense to their relationship. Keywords: Obama administration, policy, strategic partners, strategic competitors, relationship
The Secrecy and Publicity of Diplomacy: Questions to the Theory of Public Diplomacy
No full textJust a few weeks after the terrorist attacks of September 11th, and soon after US troops started to attack Afghanistan, George Bush expressed his disappointment toward the way the Muslim world perceives the American way of life and culture. Assuming that the 9/11 terrorist attack was a symbol of struggle against America’s hegemony Bush blamed the failure of US public diplomacy to promote to the Muslim world the image of a friendly and democratic nation state. It sent a message that both promoting positive image and controlling the message are a highly complex task. The complexity of public diplomacy consequently raises such a theoretical dispute. From a traditional perspective, scholars have questioned the suitability of public diplomacy to promote a states’ soft power, and have cited US public diplomacy as an example of failure. The revisionists, on the other hand, seek to maintain and even improve the practice of public diplomacy by arguing that it is more that it is more pertinent to comprehend the strategy rather than to perpetuate the blame. The dispute on public diplomacy is threefold: first, whether public diplomacy is defined as any diplomatic activities of or by the public; second, whether diplomacy should really be addressed to the public; and third, if the public is always diplomatic. This essay will argue that while the traditionalist criticisms could be valid, particularly in the context of the US experience, these arguments do not reduce the value of public diplomacy. Such diplomacy requires a two-way relationship and integrated approach
Mengurai Fenomena Perdagangan Perempuan di Negara-negara Teluk dan Timur Dekat
Get PDFWomen trafficking rises in three ways. First, job vacancy or salary. When someone desperates in economic condition, fake job can be easily success in recruiting a thousand workers by giving fake promise in particular countries. Women trafficking are also running well besause of fake marriage. In some countries which life extremely difficult for unmarried women and marriage is the only way to get convenience , social rights and avoid bullying in her whole life. The second, women trafficking exist because they are sold by their family.Poverty, desperate, and unemployment drive many family sell their children in women trafficking. Finally, love story . Many victims are forced to get involved in women trafficking because of love. These three conditions are the main reason why gulf states and near east become destination for women trafficking. Keywords: human trafficking, women trafficking, cheap labour, gulf states, near eas
Crafting the Alternative of Finance Hegemony: Returning Gold Dinar Exchange Economy
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to examine the contemporary issues of global political economy on the predominance of finance capital as the pivotal role in moulding the current global political economy architecture; its impact particularly to the developing states; and this paper also attempt to propose the alternative through the returning of gold monetary system based on the idea of gold dinar exchange economy
Kontraversi Foreign Direct Investment dan Solusinya Bagi Negara
Get PDFForeign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the essential capital sources for developingcountries which provide large contribution in economic development trough transfer of asset, good corporate governance and especially technology. This expectation is not always provide positive impact to the recipient countries. FDI, which is often implemented in Multi National Corporation, also becomes a tool for the developed countries to control the economic activities in developing countries in pursuing their benefit and interest. Sometimes, those MNCs also have a signifincance influence in political activities of recipient countries. Beside that, MNCs not always provide large attention to the community development. From this condition, debate about the role of state in managing of FDI emerged in political economic discourses. This paper describes about one of alternative thought how state copes with globalization. FDI is one of phenomena which emerged as the concequnces of globalization.Ian Clark suggested two perceptions about the relation of state and globalization. First, globalization has significance implication in eroding the state capacity as economic actor in international stage. Second, state is the key element in globalization process, in this perception there is a position shift of the state from state retreat to state adaptation. This paper conclude that, state also has capacity to control FDI dan globalization which accompanied it’s flow. State must place itself as business actor which has competitiveness. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment,Globalization, State retreat, state adaptation
Implementasi Dan Hambatan Kebijakan Liberalisasi Pendidikan Tinggi Di Indonesia
No full textLiberalization of higher education often gets rejection from the people in developing countries. It is considered as part of commodification of education. This also happens in Indonesia. This paper attempts to answer the question why liberalization of higher education in Indonesia cannot run fast? There are three things to be explained. First, it explains the conditions of international political structure that affects Indonesia’s education policy. Second, it elaborates how the process of making and implementing the policy are carried on. Third, it discusses how the public responses the policy. This research shows that liberalization of higher education in Indonesia has given rise to many opposition movements, which then lead to ambiguities in Indonesia commitments to liberalize the higher education. Keywords: GATS, Liberalization, Higher Education, WTO, Globalizatio
East China Sea Dispute: Paving Japan’s Way to be a Stronger Nations
No full textDispute over East China Sea between two big countries in East Asia, namely China and Japan is not something new. This dispute existed since 1968 which based on historical and territorial issue. However, China and Japan dispute over this area is never been dangerous as it is now: they both use military. Both of them have tried to make an agreement over this issue; yet, it never succeeded. Thus, Japanese policymakers now think about their border. As a result, they change their defence policy to be more aggressive. This is to say, there is a change in Japan’s Self-Defence Force as well as Japan’s security policy. This move may seem as abandonement of Article 9 Showa Constitution that prohibit them to have military, and has been Japanese base in their defence policy. However, Japan Prime Minister think that this bold move is needed in addition to their stronger relationship with the US. Keywords: Japan, China, East China Sea dispute, defence polic
Signifikansi Diplomasi Islam Moderat Era Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Dalam Merespon Problem Keamanan Timur Tengah
Get PDFThis article tries to describe the significance of moderate Islam which is becoming a symbol of Indonesian diplomacy during the period of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s administration. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s administration showed optimistic attitude that moderate Islam is the Indonesian strategy to position itself amid the opposition discourse between the West and Islam. But it is interesting to see that the implementation of moderate Islam is actually not on its substance. This can be seen in the case of Israeli-Palestinian conflicts which show the ambivalence of Indonesian position. The inconsistent implementation of moderate Islam can also be seen in the Indonesian position towards Iran's nuclear case. SBY’s administration finally had to change its policies from supporting the UN resolution against Iran then abstained in the next resolution. Thus, the moderate Islam that is only applied in the context of imaging instead became a burden for Indonesia's diplomacy