Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi Ouzou (UMMTO): Research Review of Sciences and Technologies
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French strategy in Kabylia (1857-1919)
No full textكانت منطقة القبائل من المناطق الصعبة التي استعصى على الاستعمار دخولها، بسبب صمود سكانها، فتأخر احتلالها إلى سنة 1857، قررت فرنسا إعادة تنظيم المنطقة وتطبيق طريقة جديدة فيما قال أنها تحترم "العادات الديمقراطية القبائلية". وأتى كاميل صابتيي بسياسة جديدة سمَها "المسألة القبائلية". كانت هذه السياسة تهدف إلى إدماج المنطقة، بالقضاء على تقاليدها وبنيتها الاجتماعية، ولكن هذه السياسة فشلت بسبب المعارضة. The region of Kabylia was one of the difficult regions where colonialism had not been able to penetrate, due to the constancy of its population, so its occupation was delayed until 1857. France decided to reorganize the region and set up a new method, which he said respected 'democratic tribal customs'. Camille Sabatier proposed a new policy called "The Kabyle Question". This policy aimed to integrate the region, eliminating its traditions and social structure. But this policy failed because of the opposition
Les guillotinés de la Révolution Algérienne, cas de : Babouche Saïd, Manseri Amar et Louni Arezki
Get PDFمن بين جميع الجرائم الدنيئة التي ارتكبها الاستعمار الفرنسي في الجزائر، الاعدام بالمقصلة فهي أبشع حكم صدر بحق الجزائريين. تم إعدام الثوار الذين كانوا يحاربون من أجل استقلال الجزائر بالمقصلة، واعتبرهم القانون العام الفرنسي جناة ومجرمين. وفي 19 جوان 1956، حُكم على 150 جزائريًا بالإعدام الفعلي، بسبب جرأتهم على حمل السلاح لاستعادة استقلال الجزائر، الذي استنزف بالقوة في سنة 1830. ومن بين الرجال الأوائل الذين ضحوا بأرواحهم من أجل التحرير الشعب الجزائري: لوني أرزقي وبابوش سعيد ومنصري أعمر. هؤلاء المعدومين بالمقصلة، حملوا في قلوبهم وأرواحهم حب الوطن ورفضوا الخضوع للاستعمار منذ صغرهم وتضحوا بزهرة شبابهم من أجل الجزائرOf all the abominable crimes committed by the French colonial occupation, the guillotine was the most terrible sentence pronounced against the Algerians. The fighters who fought for the freedom of Algeria were executed by the guillotine, as they were considered delinquents and common criminals. By June 19, 1956, 150 Algerians had already been sentenced to death for having dared to bear arms for the recovery of Algerian independence. Among the men who sacrificed their lives for the ideals of the armed struggle for national liberation of the Algerian people, we can mention: Louni Arzeki, Babouche Said and Manseri Amar. At the time of their capital executions, the first to be guillotined was Louni Arezki aged barely 32 years, grocer living in Algiers. These guillotined people carried in their hearts and souls very early, in their prime, the love of the fatherland, the nationalist feeling and the refusal of submission to colonialist .De tous les crimes abominables commis par l’occupation coloniale française, la guillotine fut la sentence la plus terrible prononcée l’encontre des Algériens. Les combattants qui luttaient pour la liberté de l’Algérie furent exécutés par la guillotine, car considérés comme des délinquants et des criminels de droit commun. Au 19 juin 1956, 150 Algériens étaient déjà condamnés à mort pour avoir osé porter les armes pour le recouvrement de l'indépendance l’Algérie. Parmi les hommes qui ont sacrifié leurs vies pour les idéaux de la lutte armée de libération nationale du peuple algérien, on peut citer: Louni Arzeki, Babouche Said et Manseri Amar. Lors de leurs exécutions capitales, le premier à être guillotiné fut Louni Arezki âgé à peine de 32 ans, épicier demeurant à Alger. Ces guillotinés, ont porté dans leurs cœurs et dans leurs âmes très tôt, à fleur d’âge, l’amour de la patrie, le sentiment nationaliste et le refus de la soumission au colonialisme
Correlation between Resilient Modulus MR and Deviator Stress for Subgrade soils of northern provinces in Vietnam
Get PDFRecently, Resilient Modulus is applied in pavement structural design in Vietnam. The resilient modulus of subgrade soil is an essential input parameter for a flexible pavement design. The resilient modulus depends on soil properties, stress state, and soil type. However, there is limited research on resilient modulus of soils and models to estimate resilient modulus in Vietnam. Therefore, in this study, soil samples were collected from two provinces in northern Vietnam, namely Bac Giang province and Ninh Binh province, and then physical and mechanical tests were conducted for these samples. In addition, a series of cyclic triaxial tests also conducted according to AASHTO T307 specification to obtain resilient modulus of these soils. The results showed that the resilient modulus decreased with the increase of deviator stress for Bac Giang samples and increased with the increase of deviator stress in the case of Ninh Binh samples. Simple deviator stress models have developed to estimate a resilient modulus of soils in the area
Approximation solution for steel concrete beam accounting high-order shear deformation using trigonometric-series
Get PDFSteel concrete beams have a reasonable structure in terms of using material and high load carrying capacity. This paper deals with an approximate solution based on a trigonometric series for the static of steel concrete beams. The displacement field is based on the higher-order theory using Reddy’s hypothesis. The governing equations are derived from variation principles. An approximate solution based on the representation of displacement fields by trigonometric series is developed to solve the static problem of steel concrete beams. In order to verify the accuracy of the present approximate solution, numerical results are compared with those of exact solutions using classical beam theory. The displacements and nominal stress distributions in the depth direction are obtained with various high of beams. The present approximate approach can accurately predict the displacements and stresses of steel concrete beams
Damage detection of structural based on indirect vibration measurement results combined with Artificial Neural Network
Get PDFIn Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), damage detection and maintenance are among the most critical factors. For surface damage, damage detection is simple and easy to perform. However, detecting and repairing is difficult for damage hidden deep in the structure. Using the structure's dynamic features, damage can be detected and repaired in time. With the development of sensor technology, indirect vibration measurement solutions give accurate results, minimizing errors by infinitely increasing the number of measurements. This solution offers a great opportunity to reduce the cost of structural health monitoring. Based on the large amount of data obtained from indirect monitoring, artificial intelligence technologies can be used to obtain a more comprehensive model of SHM. In this paper, the dynamic responses of the structure will be extracted and determined through a vehicle crossing the bridge. Based on the results of structural dynamic response, a finite element model is built and updated so that this model can represent the real structure. Damage cases will be analyzed and evaluated as input to train the Artificial neural network. The trained network can detect damage through regular health monitoring by indirect methods
Evaluation of Subgrade Resilient Modulus and Modulus Ratio for Geotextile Reinforced Water Bound Macadam Road using Full-Scale Laboratory Accelerated Pavement Testing Set Up
Get PDFResilient modulus (MR) is a very important parameter for designing the flexible pavements. In the mechanistic pavement design, MR of pavement materials is used as an input parameter. In most of the studies, the MR values are usually obtained by conducting laboratory repeated load triaxial test. However, due to the complexity, cost, and need for well-trained personnel associated with it; the researchers have tried to find out several alternative tests. This paper aims to investigate the resilient modulus of subgrade soil for the full-scale geotextile reinforced and unreinforced pavement by using the indigenously developed full-scale laboratory accelerated pavement testing set up. The MR of unreinforced pavement section was verified by comparing it with the laboratory repeated load triaxial test and found to be comparable. The paper also aims to investigate the variation in modulus ratio for geotextile reinforced and unreinforced pavement sections. The modulus ratio and resilient modulus of unreinforced pavement were compared with the empirical equation suggested by Indian Road Congress (IRC) 37-2012 and provided reasonably good agreement. It can be concluded that the full-scale accelerated pavement testing set up has provided an alternative to repeated load triaxial test for the determination of resilient modulus
Experimental Study of Prestressed Concrete Track Slab at Railroad Crossings
Get PDFCurrently, the prestressed concrete track slabs are testing installed at the field to replace the reinforced concrete track slabs at railroad crossings in Vietnam. Prestressed concrete track slabs used for 1000 mm gauge. The dimensions of each slab were designed with a length, width, and height of 2.5 m, 1.0 m, and 0.33m, respectively. This paper presents experimental measurements to analyze the behavior of the prestressed concrete track slab at railroad crossings under the action of train and truck dynamic load. Experiment measurements were implemented at the site. Eight strain gauges were mounted at three sections of the track slab to measure the deformation. HL-93 truck load and TY-7E train load were used in the test. The results show the eccentricity of the gravity center point of the prestressed wires to the centroidal axis of the transformed area. The deviation ratio between experimental and theoretical results is from 0.88% ÷ 1.25%. These results can be used to optimize the design process and limit cracks. In addition, tensile and compressive stresses in slabs are smaller than the allowable values. The results show that this track slab meets the requirements of durability and strength under the action of train and truck dynamic load
تطور البحث التاويلي عند الغرب في أصوله ومضامينه -دراسة وصفية-
No full textلقد شغل البحث في التاويل اهتمام العلماء والباحثين قديما وحديثا سواء عند الدارسين الغرب أو العرب، فقد صاحب بخاصة النصوص الدينية القديمة بما تحمله من الدارسين الغرب ا ويلي راء حول النشاط التا آ ك ثر من فهم وقد طرح الفالسفة اليونان الك ثير من ال و ا غموض ا ومصطلحاته ويلية القديمة إعادة طرح تلك الرؤى التا لياته، ثم بمجيء الفترة الحديثة تمّ آ وا توسيع حد روافد ومقاربات تحليل الخطاب، وتمّ ويل ا ة جديدة وفهم جديد، وكان التا ّ بحل ً ويال وفهما، سواء ويل حديثا ليشمل مختلفمناحي الحياة،فكل شيء من حولنا يحتاج تا التا و ف ا ا كان ذلكنصّ ا و سياسيا
الإرسال في الخطاب المسرحي العربي بين الخشبة والجمهور فضاء للتواصل والتفاعل
No full text: Theatrical art differs from the rest of the other literary arts in a feature that distinguishes it, which is its presentation in front of the audience, and the criterion for the success of the transmission process in theatrical performances is the extent to which the spectator interacts with the sender, and that he is actually an active participant in the theatrical performance, thus eliminating the traditional consumer function of the spectator as in the Aristotelian theater to the function of the interactive in the theatrical performance, as Brecht called it.Accordingly, this study aims to reveal the techniques adopted by the originals of the Arab theater, who call for the spectator’s participation in the theatrical performance through the establishment of a new theater based on the episode (Halqa) and (Goual) of “Abdul Qader Alloula“ in the Algerian theater, and the popular palaver of “Youssef Idris“ in the Egyptian theatre. And the storyteller art of “Saad Allah Wannous“ in the Syrian theatrem thanks to the reliance on these traditional forms, the imaginary wall linking the stage and the audience was broken
Scénographie d’une justice restauratrice dans les romans d’Anouar Benmalek Scenography of restorative justice in novels Of Anouar Benmalek
Get PDFThis article proposes to demonstrate that the writing of Anouar Benmalek is a writing that restores justice to the victims of the wars of the twentieth century. The three novels Ô Maria, L’Enfant du people ancient, Fils du Shéol showcase the author’s desire to combine the power of Memory and that of Justice to allow the war victim to be recognized, heard and welcome in a writing which thus becomes a redemptive writing