Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi Ouzou (UMMTO): Research Review of Sciences and Technologies
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Reinforced Concrete Beams with Drop-in- Ends of Vertical and Inclined Reinforcement and having Pockets Loaded by In-Plane Static Forces
Get PDFThis research presents an experimental investigation on the behaviour of RC dapped end beams with loaded openings that have been strengthened initially with four different techniques including steel fibre concrete, inclined crossed bars, jacketing with steel plates and the composite section technique. Ten specimens with a rectangular opening at the midspan are tested under in-plane point load within opening. Such beams are categorized into two groups with five specimens per group. The dapped end zone of the first group is reinforced with standard vertical stirrups, while for the other groups inclined bar reinforcement has been used. Two main parameters have been considered which are the detailing of the reinforcement around the opening and the effect of inclusion of the dapped ends. The response has been discussed in terms the first cracking load, ultimate load, maximum deflection, failure modes, load-deflection curves, crack patterns, crack width, to recognize the optimum strengthening proposal of the opening. Results indicated that the modified reinforcement configurations of the dapped ends yielded better response and the ultimate load increased when adopting the composite section method in (21-23%) relative to the conventional beams. Regarding strengthening by steel SFRC method, an improvement in load capacity by (8-10%) has been observed. Whereas, strengthening with crossed inclined bars yielded an enhancement of (8.5-11%). Furthermore, using steel plates increases the load capacity by about (11-13%)
الوسائل البلاغية ودورها الحِجاجي في شعر ابن خاتمة الأنصاري الأندلسي
Get PDFThe research aims to study the rhetorical means and their argumentative role in constructing the meaning and the method of influencing the recipient, by analyzing the rhetorical texture and the structural structure in the poetry of Ibn Khatma Al-Ansar Al-Andalus.Which is one of the means of defining and expressing the meaning, due to the diversity of its connotations and suggestive images and its ability to diagnose abstract meanings in clear tangible images, showing the meaning and showing its form in an effective and clear meaning.We have concluded that the pilgrims depend on a set of linguistic tools and rhetorical mechanisms that affect the recipient.It is relied upon in the process of discourse analysis, and it turns out that Ibn Khatamah al-Ansari’s Diwan contains a number of rhetorical argumentative mechanisms. (simile, metaphor, metonymy, naturalization, interview), which the poet employed to impress and influence his recipients
Reflections on the Colonial Violence in Kateb Yacine’s Nedjma (1956) and Ngugi Wa Thiong’O’ A Grain of Wheat (1967)
Get PDF: While many previous studies on Kateb Yacine and Ngugi Wa Thiong’ O’s literary works were undertaken separately, the present paper seeks to shed light on the neglected aspect of analyzing their two selected novels comparatively. By taking advantage of Greenblatt’s New historicist approach, which favors anchoring the text in its context, the attempt will be to unveil the ways both authors, who wrote while events were still unfolding, use their fictions to depict the colonial violence and its several ramifications on the Kenyan and Algerian peoples. The analysis fins connection among these two authors’ converges as they learnt the language of the colonizer and take it back to their own community thus making themselves translators of their people’s grievances during the colonial period. Their visions and discourses on the use of violence by the British and French colonizers can be compared in many ways. Upon closer examination of the two fictions, the study is based on the New Historicist approach, with reference to Stephen Greenblatt’s theoretical concepts of “textuality of history” and “historicity of the text” to compare how Kateb and Ngugi paint the colonial oppression in fiction. By borrowing these two notions, we intend reading these two literary narratives within a comparative and new historicist framework; a close attention will be paid to the similarity of the colonial experience of violence displayed in the two texts rather than differences such as the geographical distant locations in which they occur. The argument is that the political situations Kateb and Ngugi reflect on, the ways they insert historical facts in their fictions which is characterized by revolution and literary innovations makes the comparative analysis of the two texts worth to be investigated
Le migrant algérien entre le vouloir émigrer et le non pouvoir réaliser sa quête dans les caricatures de DILEM
Get PDFThis research consists of a semiotic analysis of the migrant in cartoons by the caricaturist Dilem. Two modalities are important, wanting and being able to realize the quest. But the migrant who wants to leave the Algerian territory lacks the ability of doing it. In such situations, migrants die in Mediterranean sea. The aim of our analysisis to show how the iconic and linguistic discourses make meaning with the two modalities
Lecture critique d’un article de Christiane Achour Oser un questionnement !
Get PDFWe want to take a look at the writings of Algerian academics concerning criticism and reflections on literature; we focused our attention on an article by Christiane Achour, on the classification of literature according to two modalities. The first being operated by gender (sex), the second being based on History (diachrony). We believe that these modalities do not respond to the ethics as developed by Barthes, who opts for the foundation of a community of writers whose classification is made by purely textual elements. The birth of the text signifies the birth of writing models that would make it possible to overcome reductive identities and promote writing to the extent that subjectivity should be converted to articulations of statements whose matrix does not belong to any socio psyche. -history confiscated by bio-civil status
The Greek educational system and teaching approach: Sparta and Athens as a model
Get PDFإن نظام التعليم والتربية عند الإغريق القدماء ما قبل الميلاد ليست مجرد مرحلة تاريخية تماثل ما شهدته مجتمعات الأخرى، فهي فارقة بالنسبة لما قبلها، موجهة ومؤثرة على ما بعدها. يتضمن المنهج التربوي والتعليمي في بلاد الإغريق عامة، أثينا وإسبرطة خاصة، تثقيف الفكر وتحصيل المعارف كما يشتمل على تهذيب النفس وإرهاف المشاعر والوجدان عن طريق دراسة الموسيقى، كما يتضمن أيضا تنمية البدن والحفاظ على تناسق الجسم من خلال التدريب البدني. إعتمدنا في هذا البحث على المنهج التاريخي لإبراز أهم مناهج التربية والتعليم عند الإغريق القدماء والتشريعات الخاصة بالمدرسة، والمنهج الوصفي من أجل الإحاطة بكافة مراحل التعليم. وقد توصلت في هذه الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أبرزها: أن منظومة التربية والتعليم في الحضارة الإغريقية تهدف إلى تحرير عقل الإنسان، وتكوين إتجاه فكري ناقد نحو الحياة، وكذا تنمية الإتجاه الديموقراطي.اهتمت التربية الأثينية بالجانب العقلي، كما برز دور الأسرة في رسخ دعائم التربية والتعليم لدى أبنائهم، بينما إعتمدت التربية الإسبارطية على التدريب العسكري، وأهملت الجانب العقلي والفكري فأنجبت منضومة تربوية وتعليمية خالية تقريبا من روح التجديد والإبتكار وروح الحرية الفردية.The B.C. educational system and teaching approach of ancient Greeks is not just a historical phase similar to that experienced in other societies, it was not only distinct from them but it also guided and influenced the systems that proceeded. Furthermore, the educational curriculum in the Greek territory in general, Athens and Sparta in particular, has included the education of thought and knowledge acquisition, self-indulgence, the sensation of feelings and refinement of the conscience through the study of music. Additionally, it has involved the development of the body and the maintenance of its harmony through physical training. In this research, we relied on the historical curriculum to highlight the most important educational curricula of ancient Greeks, the school legislation and the descriptive curriculum in order to take note of all the stages of education. Accordingly, the study produced a series of findings, most notably: The educational system of Greek civilization aimed at freeing the human mind, creating a critical intellectual direction towards life and developing a democratic trend. On one hand, Athenian education gave eminence to the mental aspect, and the role of the family in establishing the foundations of education among their children, while on the other hand; Spartan education relied on military training thus neglecting the mental and intellectual aspects. As a result, an educational system that is virtually free from the spirit of creativity, innovation and individual liberty has originated
دراسة ظاهرة "الفضاء الثّالث" في رواية "الفراشة الزّرقاء" لربيع جابر
No full textstudy on postcolonial criticism is a field reflecting superpowers influence in Third World countries, investigates sciences including literature, history, and politics and helps writers display literary, political, and cultural thoughts. Rabi Jaber is a writer trying to be a reflection of his society states. From this stage, study tries to investigate the colonialism phenomenon presence in Lebanon especially in "Al-Farashatol -Zarqa" based on Homi Baba's postcolonial thoughts Hybridity and the Third space. Results revealed that Jaber wants the cultural, religious and racial Hybridity between colonialism and colonization in novel and achieves it by removing the boundaries between characters and cultures in third space. In this space, colonizer uses this strategy to protect his interests, and colonized who lives in the societies where colonialism flourishes inevitably retreats from its difficult positions and adapts to new conditions in third space
"إصلاح التّفكير" من مقاصد الشّريعة الإسلاميّة: قراءة تحليليّة في إسهامات المولود الحافظيّ
Get PDFReforming of the thought is one of the most important areas of reform in Al-Hafizi writings, reforming the way of thinking aims to create an individual and behind him a society that takes facts and renounces myths, this receipt is an integral part of jihad of the soul, which, is the way toward the real jihad that will sweeps the French occupation. It is no wonder that reforming the way of thinking is one of the most important targets of Islamic purposes, in the article we analyzes two examples used by Al-Hafizi in his pursue to reform the popular thinking and consolidate the reasoning and critical thinking in the Algerian occupied society. The two examples are: astrology, and the myth of the whale and a bull underground. Through this two examples Al-Hafizi disassemble the foundation of the mythical thinking in the Algerian people, and analyzed the basics of the classical religious discourse which is fascinate by the narratives regardless its genuinity, reliability and it’s reconcile with the modern scientific theories and findings. Al-Hafizi seeks to eradicate the “superstitious thinking” and establish “scientific thinking,” by reconsideration of the human mind and scientific facts
A novel application to evaluate the bridge health after retrofitting using vibration and static measurements
Get PDFThis paper proposes a novel method based on vibration and static measurement data to evaluate bridge health. This method is verified in Kenh 7 bridge. Kenh 7 Bridge is located in Long An district, Vietnam. The structural condition of the bridge was surveyed in July 2016. At that time, the girder was in good condition, whereas the deck’s concrete spalled in many areas. Then the deck was decided to punch out and be replaced with the new ones. The dynamic and static experiments of both before and after retrofitted bridges were carried out in the campaign. This research analyses the vibration data and the main girder deflection under the static load to evaluate the stiffness condition of the bridge girder, deck, and cross beam. A finite element (FE) model of the bridge is created in FE software. The Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm will be used to update the unknown parameters. By model updating, the natural frequency and the main girder deflection differences between the experimental and the numerical results are minimized, and the concrete properties of each component are estimated. Comparing the stiffness between the before and retrofit bridge, the conclusion about the health of the Kenh 7 bridge after repair can be made. It is recommended that the cross beam should be strengthened
Performance of geopolymer mortars prepared by different alkaline solutions under elevated temperature
Get PDFFire has severe effects on concrete as it causes a significant deterioration in its properties. Geopolymers (GP) are considered as an emerging alternative binder to Portland-cement OPC). This paper presents an investigation of the performance of fly ash (FA) based GP-mortars made with different alkaline solutions after exposure to elevated temperatures (200, 400, 600, and 800 ℃). The main investigated parameters were the type of hydroxide (NaOH and KOH), type of silicate (Na2SiO3 and K2SiO3), molarity levels of NaOH, Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios, alkaline-solution to FA ratio and sand to FA ratio. Compressive, flexural, and indirect tensile strengths were measured before and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Moreover, SEM analysis was conducted on GP and OPC mortars. The results showed that performance of GP mortars containing Na2SiO3 with KOH was better than GP mixes that contained Na2SiO3 with NaOH or K2SiO3 with KOH after exposure to elevated temperatures. A higher loss rate in mechanical properties after exposure to 800℃ was observed as the NaOH molarity increased. Increasing Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio up to 2.5 caused an increase in the mechanical properties, while increasing that ratio from 2.5 to 3 caused higher loss in the mechanical properties of GP mortars. After exposure to 800 ℃, sand to FA ratio of 2 and alkaline solution to FA ratio of 0.5 gave higher residual strengths than the other ratios. Behavior of GP mortar was found to be better than OPC mortar after exposure to elevated temperatures. SEM images showed that the structure of the GP mortar, after exposure to elevated temperatures, was denser than that of the OPC mortar. Empirical equations capable of predicting the residual mechanical properties of GP-mortars made using different alkaline solutions with good correlation have been proposed