Open Journal Systems Centro de Investigación y Capacitación para el Desarrollo Regional
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Experience of the improvement of international trade: Case Peru
Get PDFInternational trade is a fundamental activity that fosters shared prosperity. The impacts are reflected in the implementation of the National Export Strategic Plan 2025. It is expected to continue to move forward steadily in order to offer more opportunities to people working in this sector.El comercio internacional es una actividad fundamental que foemnta la prosperidad compartida. Los impactos se reflejan con la implementación del Plan Estratégico Nacional Exportador 2025. Se espera seguir avanzando sostenidamente a fin de ofrecer más oportunidades a las personas que laboran en este sector
Removal of lead and zinc from mining effluents by applying air micro-nanobubbles
Get PDFThe main objective of the research is to remove the concentration of lead and zinc present in the mining effluents in Peru by applying air micronanobubbles. For this study a sample of 54 liters of mining effluents was taken, which was divided into three groups of 18 liters each with three repetitions, in a period of 10, 15 and 20 minutes each. In the results it was possible to observe the removal of lead (from 51.3 mg / L to 1.29 mg / L) and zinc (from 17.601 mg / L to 0.26 mg / L) applying micronanobubbles in 15 minutes.La investigación realizada tiene como objetivo principal remover la concentración de plomo y zinc presentes en los efluentes mineros de una unidad minera en Peru aplicando micronanoburbujas de aire. Para dicho estudio se tomó una muestra de 54 litros de efluentes mineros el cual fue dividido en tres grupos de 18 litros cada uno con tres repeticiones, en un periodo de 10, 15 y 20 minutos cada uno. En los resultados se pudo observar la remoción de plomo (de 51,3 mg/L a 1,29 mg/L) y zinc (de 17,601 mg/L a 0,26 mg/L) aplicando micronanoburbujas de aire en 15 minutos
Application of silver nanoparticles synthetized by electrolysis for the reduction of Escherichia coli from seawater at laboratory level
Get PDFThe present research consists of reducing the amount of Escherichia coli (E.coli) bacteria present in seawater with the application of silver nanoparticles synthesized by electrolysis at the laboratory level. The methodology used is the electrolytic method since it allows us to synthesize the nanoparticles in a very simple and practical way. In addition to this, they are effective as antibacterial. The process was carried out with two silver electrodes introduced in an electrolytic cell, where one electrode goes through the oxidation process and the other reduction, this process was done in sea guides. The result obtained was 140 CFU/100 mL at 1.8 CFU/100 mL of E.coli representing a 99% decrease, allowing to determine that this process was effective for the reduction of the bacterium E.coli in sea water.La presente investigación consiste en reducir la cantidad de bacterias E.coli presentes en el agua de mar con la aplicación de nanoparticulas de plata sintetizada por electrolisis, a nivel de laboratorio. La metodología utilizada en la presente investigación es el método electrolítico ya que nos permite sintetizar de manera muy sencilla y práctica las nanopartículas. Además de ello, son efectivas como antibacterianas. El proceso se realizó con dos electrodos de plata introducidos en una celda electrolítica, donde un electrodo pasa por el proceso oxidación y la otra reducción, dicho proceso se realizó en guas de mar. El resultado obtenido fue de 140 NMP/100 mL a 1.8 NMP/100 mL de Escherichia coli representando un 99% de disminución, permitiendo determinar que este proceso fue efectivo para la reducción de la bacteria escherichia coli en aguas de mar
Reduction of Salinity from sea water using air micronanobubbles and graphene in laboratory scale
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to reduce the salinity of the waters of San Pedro, Lurín, Peru. The proposed method was a pre-treatment with Micro-Nanobubbles (MNBs) of air at different times and a post-treatment with graphene at different concentrations, this was called Grafenano. The first stage was to first pass the samples collected by the MNBs generator, which allowed to reduce the physical and chemical parameters; The second stage consisted of filtering the water treated with MNBs using graphene in three proportions 5 g, 10 g and 15 g, which allowed to reduce the concentration of dissolved salts. The salinity of the seawater was determined as well as the physical-chemical parameters before and after the treatment. The air micronabubbles and graphene were characterized. The results obtained were: removal of Turbidity in 96% (from 27.57 NTU to 1.06 NTU), conductivity in 65% (from 49.01 mS/cm to 17.04 mS/cm), of BOD5 in 70% (from 2.42 mg/L to 0.72 mg/L) and a salt removal of 47% (from 34.46 g/L to 18.41 g/L)
Treatment of wastewater with chloroform from an environmental laboratory using air micro-nanobubbles
Get PDFIn the investigation, the wastewater was treated with chloroform generated in an environmental laboratory by means of micro-nano air bubbles. For the preliminary analysis, 40 mL of sample were taken. Initial parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen and temperature were analyzed. The treatments were in three times 20, 40 and 60 minutes and three runs were made. Finally, the final measurements were made, obtaining favorable results for the Chloroform parameter. The reduction was from 0.8 mg/L to 0.2 mg/L and the pH was improved from 4.69 to 6.85, thus determining that the Micro-nano bubble technology does reduce the concentrations of the contaminant Chloroform present in the water
Removal of aniline blue dye using live microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
Get PDFIn this work, the efficiency of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was evaluated in the removal of aniline blue dye, one of the most demanded dyes in the tanning industry; evaluating the effect of the initial concentration of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/L of dye on the percentage of removal of aniline blue. The removal of the dye was evaluated by measuring the absorbance in a UV-VIS spectrophotometer of the bleached solutions until 11 days of treatment were completed. All treatments presented dye removal. By means of ANOVA analysis it was demonstrated that the removal of the dye depends on the initial concentration and the removal time; the best results in the 11 days of treatment were obtained at an initial concentration of 75 mg/L of aniline blue.En este trabajo se evaluó la eficiencia de la microalga Chlorella vulgaris en la remoción del colorante azul de anilina, uno de los colorantes de mayor demanda en la industria de curtiduría; evaluando el efecto de la concentración inicial de 25, 50, 75 y 100 mg/L de colorante sobre el porcentaje de remoción de Azul de Anilina. La remoción del colorante se evaluó midiendo la absorbancia en un espectrofotómetro UV-VIS de las soluciones decoloradas hasta completar 11 días de tratamiento. Todos los tratamientos presentaron remoción de colorante. Mediante análisis ANOVA se demostró que la remoción del colorante depende de la concentración inicial y el tiempo de remoción; los mejores resultados en los 11 días de tratamiento se obtuvieron a una concentración inicial de 75 mg/L de azul de anilina
Experiences in the implementation of the Safe Surgery Verification Checklist at the National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza, 2014-2016
Get PDFThe objective was determining the experiences in the implementation of the Safe Surgery Verification Checklist (SSVC) in the National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza in period 2014-2016. The Methodology was descriptive, retrospective study of a documentary review of 2,466 clinical histories with the SSVC application sheet. It was used two instruments that evaluated the compliance of the SSVC through a control matrix to check 20 items in the three phases of execution with correct filling and omission, also a survey was applied to the personnel (Surgery, Anesthesia and Nursing). Its work in Surgical Center where the factors that limit the application of the SSVC were identified, previously assuming the respective ethical considerations. Results were compliance with the SSVC reached 93% and the most frequent noncompliance in the Entry phase referred to the risk assessment of bleeding > 500 mL (36%). In the Pause phase the item verifies the antibiotic prophylaxis administered in the last 60 minutes (39%) of the total of omissions. In the exit phase the item review the critical aspects of recovery and treatment in immediate PO (42%). The factors that limit the application of the SSVC were: Lack of staff motivation (34%), ignorance, lack of training and problems in the distribution of personnel / tasks (10% respectively). In conclusions a high level of compliance is evidenced, however, the quality of the registry shows a poor involvement of interdisciplinary responsibility, weakening the safe environment for the surgical patient.El objetivo fue determinar las experiencias en la implementación de la Lista de Verificación de Cirugía Segura (LVCS) en el Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza 2014- 2016. El estudio fue descriptivo, retrospectivo de revisión documental de 2,466 Historias clínicas con Hoja de aplicación LVCS. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos que evaluaron el cumplimiento de la LVCS a través de una matriz de control para cotejar 20 ítems en las tres fases de ejecución, también se aplicó una encuesta al personal (Cirugía, Anestesia y Enfermería) que labora en Centro quirúrgico. Se identificaron los factores que limitan la aplicación de la LVCS previamente asumiendo las consideraciones éticas respectivas. El cumplimiento de la LVCS alcanzó un 93% y el incumplimiento de mayor frecuencia en la fase Entrada referido a la valoración de riesgo de hemorragia >500 mL (36%). En la fase Pausa se verifica la profilaxis antibiótica administrada en los últimos 60 minutos (39%) del total de omisiones. En la fase salida revisa los aspectos críticos de la recuperación y el tratamiento en PO inmediato (42%). Los factores que limitan la aplicación de la LVCS fueron: La falta de motivación del personal (34%), desconocimiento, falta de entrenamiento y problemas en la distribución de personal/tareas (10% respectivamente). En conclusión se evidencia un alto nivel de cumplimiento, sin embargo la calidad del registro evidencia un pobre involucramiento de responsabilidad interdisciplinaria debilitando el entorno seguro para el paciente quirúrgico
Balanced Scorecard in the strategic planning of a construction company
Get PDFThis research focused on the strategic management tool Balanced Scorecard and strategic planning, as a guide to guide the management of companies, allowing communication and the functionality of the strategy using KPIs that allow to identify, maintain control and increase efficiency and the achievement of optimal results. For the deductive hypothetical analysis, the specific factors that affect business management performance were grouped into two variables: Balanced Scorecard and Strategic Planning. The objective of the work was to demonstrate the impact of the Balanced Scorecard in the strategic planning of a construction company. In order to support the research, the following theories were approached: the Financial Theory, the Economic Theory of the Company, the Transaction Costs, the Network Theory, the Organization Theory, the Dependence on Resources, the Strategic Management Theory and the Business Diagnosis Theory. The result obtained confirms the hypothesis that there is a significant incidence of the Balanced Scorecard in the strategic planning of construction companies. In conclusion, the construction company has obtained significant improvements in the results in each of the indicators evaluated with the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard, demonstrating improvements in their management results, affirming that there is better performance and management control allowing them to achieve the organizational objectives set.La presente investigación se enfocó en la herramienta de gestión estratégica Balanced Scorecard y el planeamiento estratégico, como una guía que oriente el desarrollo de la gestión de las empresas, la comunicación y la funcionabilidad de la estrategia usando KPIs que permiten identificar, mantener el control, incrementar la eficiencia y el logro de resultados óptimos. Para el análisis hipotético deductivo se agruparon factores específicos que afectan el desempeño de la gestión empresarial dentro de dos variables: Balanced Scorecard y Planeamiento Estratégico. El Objetivo del trabajo ha sido demostrar la incidencia del Balanced Scorecard en el planeamiento estratégico de una empresa constructora. Para sustentar la investigación se abordaron las siguientes teorías: la Financiera, la Económica de la Empresa, de los Costos de Transacción, de redes, de la organización, de la dependencia de los recursos, de la administración estratégica y del diagnóstico empresarial. El resultado obtenido confirma la hipótesis de que existe incidencia significativa del Balanced Scorecard en el planeamiento estratégico de las empresas constructoras. En conclusión, la empresa constructora ha obtenido mejoras significativas en los resultados en cada uno de los indicadores evaluados con la implementación del Balanced Scorecard, demostrando mejoras en sus resultados de gestión, afirmando que existe un mejor desempeño y control de la gestión permitiéndoles alcanzar los objetivos organizacionales trazados
Treatment of sanguaza from Ancon market using air micro-nanobubbles at laboratory scale
Get PDFThe purpose of the present investigation is to reduce the concentrations of the physical and chemical parameters of the waters of Sanguaza, coming from the fish stations that are in the market of Ancón; taking two sampling points, Physical parameters were found (Turbidity and Temperature) and Chemical parameters (pH, COD and BOD5); 5 repetitions were made, with different concentrations of samples, the most outstanding being Repetition No. 4, where efficiency percentages were obtained at 60 minutes of the average turbidity of 79.61%, of BOD5 in 69.68% and of COD in 69.24 %. A p.H. neutral working at an ambient temperature of 20.15 °C. Concluding thus, that the air micro-nanobubbles manage to reduce in an effective way the concentrations of the parameters of the waters of sanguaza.El propósito de la presente investigación es reducir las concentraciones de los parámetros físicos y químicos de las aguas de Sanguaza, provenientes de los puestos de pescado que se encuentran en el mercado de Ancón; tomándose dos puntos de muestreo, Se hallaron parámetros físicos (Turbidez y Temperatura) y Parámetros químicos (pH., DQO y DBO5); se realizaron 5 repeticiones, con diferentes concentraciones de muestras, siendo la más resaltante la Repetición N° 4, donde se obtuvieron porcentajes de eficiencia a los 60 minutos de la turbidez promedio de 79.61%, de DBO5 en un 69.68% y de DQO en 69.24%. También se obtuvo un p.H. neutro trabajando con una temperatura ambiente de 20.15 °C. Concluyendo así, que las micro-nanoburbujas de aire logran reducir de una manera eficaz las concentraciones de los parámetros de las aguas de sanguaza
Reduction of hospital wastewater through ozone-air micro-nanobubbles
No full textThe reduction of the organic matter concentration of hospital wastewater is expressed in BOD5and COD. The treatment was developed using a micro-nanobubble generator with continuoussystem. Micro-nanobubbles of 0.024μm average diameter were obtained. For the treatment, twosamples were taken; Sample 1 (at 8:00 a.m.) and show 2 (at 11:00 a.m.). After applying thetreatment with ozone-air micro-nanobubbles, it was possible to reduce the initial concentrationsof sample 1: BOD5 from 132mg/L to 14mg/L, COD from 374mg/L to 30mg/L and from sample 2:BOD5 from 127mg/L to 21mg/L and COD from 297mg/L to 36mg/L. The efficiency obtained at 15minutes of sample 1 of BOD5 was 90.2% and of COD was 92.51% and of sample 2 of BOD5 was83.5% and of COD was 87.9%.La reducción de la concentración de materia orgánica de las aguas residuales hospitalarias esexpresada en DBO5 y DQO. El tratamiento se desarrolló empleando un equipo generador demicro-nano burbujas con sistema continuo. Se obtuvieron micro-nano burbujas de 0.024μm dediámetro promedio. Para el tratamiento se tomaron dos muestras; Muestra 1 (a las 8:00am) ymuestra 2(a las 11:00am). Luego de aplicar el tratamiento con micro-nano burbujas de ozonoaire,se logró reducir las concentraciones iniciales de la muestra 1: DBO5 de 132mg/L a 14mg/L,DQO de 374mg/L a 30mg/L y de la muestra 2: DBO5 de 127mg/L a 21mg/L y DQO de 297mg/La 36mg/L. La eficiencia obtenida a los 15 minutos de la muestra 1 de DBO5 fue de 90.2% y deDQO fue de 92.51% y de la muestra 2 de DBO5 fue de 83.5% y de DQO fue de 87.9