Jurnal Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
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Reversed Burden of Proof in Online Gambling Fraud: Consumer Protection Based on Islamic Law in West Java
Get PDFThe widespread practice of online gambling in West Java has led to an increase in digital fraud cases causing significant consumer losses. Common schemes involve fictitious investment programs and fake prize offers that victims find difficult to prove directly. In this context, the application of the reversed burden of proof serves as a strategic criminal law policy to strengthen the position of victims before the law. This study examines the effectiveness of the reversed burden of proof in handling online gambling fraud cases, while exploring the role of Islamic legal principles—such as zakat and social justice—in expanding consumer protection. Using normative juridical and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes the Indonesian positive legal framework and its potential integration with Islamic legal mechanisms. The findings indicate that reversing the burden of proof can reduce evidentiary obstacles during judicial processes, while Islamic law adds a socio-economic dimension that complements the penal aspect. This study recommends an integrated legal reform that not only emphasizes sanctions but also reinforces substantive justice and comprehensive victim protection
The Future of the General Meeting of Shareholders: Integrate Virtual Space in Limited Liability Companies
Get PDFIn the digital era, the electronic organization of the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) has become a crucial aspect for Closed Limited Liability Companies (PT) (Non-Tbk) to enhance operational efficiency and flexibility. This research examines the legal framework necessary for the implementation of electronic GMS in Indonesia, with a particular focus on the legal, technical, and practical aspects involved. In light of the provisions outlined in Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies and associated regulations, this article underscores the necessity for amendments to the company's articles of association, the utilization of secure technology, and procedures for verifying the identity of participants. This research is normative, employing legislative and analytical research approaches. The results of this research show the legal framework for conducting general meetings of shareholders through electronic media in a closed limited liability company (non-Tbk). The implementation of technology for electronic general meetings (GMS) provides efficiency and flexibility, but requires legal adaptation, data security and regulatory compliance. The process involves updating the articles of association, using secure technology and following legal procedures for notification and verification. Notarization remains essential to ensure the validity of electronic deeds, and registration in the Ministry of Law and Human Rights' AHU system is an important step in this process. Regulatory adjustments and capacity building of law enforcement agencies are needed to support the implementation of this technology
From Legal Gaps to Decent Wages: Ensuring Domestic Workers’ Rights in Indonesia
Get PDFDomestic workers constitute part of the informal labor sector, which has long been excluded from recognition as a formal profession within Indonesia’s labor system. In practice, domestic workers in Indonesia often face various forms of exploitation, including excessive workloads, extended working hours, and inadequate wages. This discrimination stems from the absence of specific legal provisions recognizing and protecting domestic workers within the national labor legislation. This study focuses on the urgent need for legal regulation concerning the protection of wage rights for female domestic workers in Indonesia. Employing a sociological legal research method, the data collected were analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that, philosophically, the principle of a just and civilized humanity has not been sufficiently integrated into the formulation of labor regulations, resulting in the exclusion of domestic workers, particularly regarding wage protection. Furthermore, current labor laws fail to accommodate the needs of domestic workers due to their capitalist and patriarchal orientation. Juridically, labor regulations remain centered on formal employment and have yet to incorporate protections for informal sector workers. Sociologically, gender-biased constructions continue to frame domestic work as merely “assisting” tasks rather than professional labor, thereby reinforcing the notion that domestic workers do not deserve fair wages or reasonable working hours. This leads to systemic exploitation. ILO Convention Number 189 mandates that every individual has the right to decent work and fair wages as a foundation for achieving a dignified standard of living. This right must be guaranteed by the state, particularly for citizens who are structurally vulnerable within the labor hierarchy
Exploring the Justice Paradox in Clemency for Narcotics Convicts: A Case Study of Banyuasin Class IIB Prison
Get PDFThe granting of clemency as a presidential prerogative within the Indonesian legal system has sparked considerable debate, particularly when applied to narcotics offenders classified as perpetrators of hard crimes. This study examines the case of Muhammad Aldin Purwanto, a narcotics convict who was granted clemency in the form of sentence reduction, despite having previously been sentenced to seven years' imprisonment for acting as an intermediary in the sale of a Schedule I narcotic substance. Clemency was granted on the grounds of good behavior and his role as the primary breadwinner for his family. This research aims to analyze the granting of clemency within the framework of justice, employing a normative juridical method with both conceptual and case study approaches. The study reveals a tension between the principle of retributive justice, which demands proportionate punishment for criminal acts, and the restorative justice approach, which emphasizes offender rehabilitation. The clemency granted in this case presents both a moral and legal dilemma, as it may be interpreted as a denial of retributive justice and a dilution of the meaning of criminal responsibility. The findings suggest that the absence of clear parameters for granting clemency creates vulnerabilities to policy deviation, potentially undermining the legitimacy of the criminal justice system itself. Therefore, a reformulation of clemency policy is necessary through clearer legal regulation, grounded in justice-based principles. Clemency should be guided by rational, objective, and balanced legal considerations that weigh both the rights of the convict and the public sense of justice
Analisis Bahasa Hormat (Keigo) dalam Anime Isekai Yakkyoku Episode 1 Karya Liz Takayama
Get PDFBahasa adalah sistem komunikasi yang digunakan oleh manusia untuk menyampaikan pesan, berbagi informasi, dan memahami satu sama lain. Beberapa variasi bahasa muncul berdasarkan siapa penutur dan petuturnya. Negara Jepang terkenal dengan aturan tata bahasa kesopanan yang unik, yang dikenal dengan sebutan keigo. dalam bahasa Indonesia, keigo sering disebut sebagai bahasa hormat, dan ini menjadi salah satu ciri khas bahasa Jepang. Secara umum, keigo dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga jenis, yakni sonkeigo (尊敬語), kenjougo (謙譲語), dan teineigo (丁寧語). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan ragam jenis keigo (sonkeigo, kenjougo, teneigo) dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan keigo (sonkeigo, kenjougo, teneigo) yang terdapat dalam anime Isekai yakyoku episode 1 karya liz takayama. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan sosiolinguistik dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa percakapan/dialog yang terdapat data keigo. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah anime Isekai yakyoku episode 1 karya liz takayama. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 5 data percakapan/dialog dengan total data yang diperoleh berupa 43 data mencangkup 3 jenis keigo, yaitu 22 data sonkeigo, 3 data kenjougo, dan 17 data teineigo yang dianalisis dengan mengacu pada teori-teori Nagasaki (2004, 2007) dan sudjianto & dahidi (2007). Sedangkan faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan keigo tersebut yaitu usia dan status dianalisis dengan mengacu pada teori dari nakao (dalam sudjianto 2007).
Kata kunci : sosiolinguistik, keigo, sonkeigo, kenjougo, teneigo, anim
Apakah kontrol diri berkaitan dengan cyberslacking pada siswa sekolah menengah atas?
Get PDFThis study examines the relationship between self-control and cyberslacking among high school students in Surabaya. Students' low self-control is a challenge in suppressing deviant internet use behavior during the learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which self-control is related to deviant behavior (cyberslacking) in students. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational design. A total of 345 high school students in Surabaya became respondents using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire with a scale that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results of the analysis using the Spearman Rho test showed a significant negative relationship between self-control and cyberslacking, with a coefficient value of -309 and a significance of 0.000 (
Work engagement pada karyawan startup : Bagaimana peranan efikasi diri dan emotional intelligence?
Get PDFThis research investigation aims to investigate a connection between seIf-efficacy and emotionaI inteIIigence with work engagement among startup employees. This study uses a correIationaI quantitative approach invoIving 105 startup empIoyees as sampIes taken through totaI sampIing. Data coIIection instruments used the UWES 17 scale for work engagement, the seIf-efficacy scaIe, and the trait emotionaI inteIIigence questioner SF V.1.50 scale. The anaIysis resuIts indicate that, simultaneousIy, seIf-efficacy and emotionaI intelligence have a significant reIationship with work engagement. The coefficient of determination value provides, seIf-efficacy and emotionaI inteIIigence contribute effectiveIy to work engagement by 24.4%. Based on resuIts of the regression coefficient equation test, it was found that seIf-efficacy and emotionaI intelligence can predict work engagement scores.
PeneIitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi keterhubungan antara efikasi diri dan emotionaI inteIIigence dengan work engegement pada karyawan startup. PeneIitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional dengan melibatkan 105 karyawan startup sebagai sampel yang diambiI melalui teknik totaI sampIing. Instrumen pengambilan data dilakukan melalui skala UWES‑17, skaIa efikasi diri dan skala trait emotionaI inteIIigence questioner SF V.1.50. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, efikasi diri dan emotionaI inteIIigence terdapat hubungan signifikan pada work engagemennt. Berdasarkan niIai koefisien determinasi didapatkan efikasi diri dan emotional intelligence menghasilkan sumbangann efektif kepada work engagement sejumIah 24,4%. Berdasarkan hasiI uji persamaan koefisien regresi didapatkan bahwa efikasi diri dan emotionaI inteIIigence dapat memprediksi niIai work engagement.
 
Membangun Subjective Well-Being: Impact Optimisme dan Dukungan Sosial pada Polisi Lalu Lintas
Get PDFKesejahteraan subjektif mencakup kepuasan hidup, emosi positif, dan rendahnya emosi negatif. Polisi lalu lintas menghadapi tuntutan pekerjaan yang tinggi yang dapat memengaruhi kesejahteraan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara optimisme dan dukungan sosial dengan kesejahteraan subjektif pada polisi lalu lintas di Jawa Timur. Sampel terdiri dari 111 polisi yang dipilih dengan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala optimisme, dukungan sosial, dan kesejahteraan subjektif yang telah divalidasi. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa optimisme berhubungan positif dengan kesejahteraan subjektif, sementara dukungan sosial berhubungan negatif dengan kesejahteraan subjektif, yang menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial yang tinggi mungkin berhubungan dengan kesejahteraan yang lebih rendah. Hasil ini menyoroti pentingnya optimisme dan kompleksitas dukungan sosial dalam kesejahteraan polisi lalu lintas
Penerimaan Diri dan Penggunaan Media Sosial: Implikasinya terhadap Psychological Well-Being pada LGBT
Get PDFKomunitas LGBT menghadapi stigma dan diskriminasi yang berdampak pada kesejahteraan psikologis mereka. Media sosial, terutama Instagram, menjadi ruang bagi mereka untuk mengekspresikan diri dan mendapatkan dukungan sosial. Penerimaan diri memainkan peran penting dalam membangun kesejahteraan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan penerimaan diri dan penggunaan media sosial terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis pada komunitas LGBT. Menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional, data dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner yang disebarkan kepada pengikut akun Instagram Komunitas X. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan diri berhubungan signifikan dengan kesejahteraan psikologis, sedangkan penggunaan media sosial tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya mendukung penerimaan diri melalui komunitas yang positif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis komunitas LGBT
Tantangan Kebahasaan dan Budaya dalam Penerjemahan Bahasa Mandarin: Studi Kasus di Aceh
No full textThis research is motivated by the fact that translators often face various difficulties in the process of translating from Mandarin to Indonesian and vice versa. The complexity of language and differing cultural contexts are the main factors affecting the accuracy and success of translation. The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the perceptions of translators in Aceh regarding the difficulties they face in translating Mandarin-language texts. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews with several active translators residing and working in the Aceh region. The results of the study show that translators face various difficulties classified into two categories: intralingual and extralingual factors. Intralingual factors include difficulties in translating idioms and typical expressions, the use of slang, and the translator's limited knowledge of various topics or specific fields. Meanwhile, extralingual factors include illegible handwriting and the use of non-standard dialects by native Mandarin speakers, which often complicate the interpretation process. These findings provide a deeper insight into the contextual and cultural difficulties in Mandarin translation practice. Moreover, the results of this study are expected to serve as an important reference in the development of relevant translation training and curriculum in linguistically diverse regions such as Aceh, in order to enhance the competence and professionalism of translators.Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fakta bahwa penerjemah kerap menghadapi berbagai kesulitan dalam proses penerjemahan dari bahasa Mandarin ke bahasa Indonesia dan sebaliknya. Kompleksitas bahasa dan perbedaan konteks budaya menjadi faktor utama yang memengaruhi akurasi dan keberhasilan penerjemahan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan persepsi penerjemah di Aceh mengenai kesulitan yang mereka hadapi dalam menerjemahkan teks berbahasa Mandarin.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan beberapa penerjemah aktif yang berdomisili dan bekerja di wilayah Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerjemah menghadapi berbagai kesulitan yang terklasifikasi menjadi dua kategori: faktor intralingual dan faktor ekstralingual. Faktor intralingual mencakup kesulitan dalam menerjemahkan idiom dan ungkapan khas, penggunaan bahasa gaul, serta keterbatasan pengetahuan penerjemah mengenai berbagai topik atau bidang spesifik. Sementara itu, faktor ekstralingual meliputi tulisan tangan yang tidak terbaca dan penggunaan dialek nonstandar oleh penutur asli bahasa Mandarin, yang kerap mempersulit proses interpretasi. Temuan ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai kesulitan kontekstual dan budaya dalam praktik penerjemahan bahasa Mandarin. Lebih lanjut, hasil studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan penting dalam pengembangan pelatihan dan kurikulum penerjemahan yang relevan di wilayah dengan keanekaragaman linguistik seperti Aceh, guna meningkatkan kompetensi dan profesionalisme penerjemah