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Pyrolysis of high calorific refuse-derived fuel (RDF)
No full textV skladu s cilji Direktive o odpadkih (2008/98/ES) si države članice EU prizadevajo zmanjšati količine odloženih odpadkov, zato jih centri za ravnanje z odpadki predelujejo v uporabno gorivo iz odpadkov, imenovano RDF. Ta ima izjemen energetski potencial, ki ostaja premalo izkoriščen.
V okviru magistrske naloge se je izvedla raziskava potencialne uporabnosti treh različnih RDF frakcij kot surovin v postopku pirolize. Rezultati analiz goriv so potrdili visoke kurilne vrednosti in raznolik materialni spekter.
Po izvedbi pirolize so bila okarakterizirana tudi pirolizna olja. Rezultati so nakazali na podobnost s konvencionalnim dizelskim gorivom in na možnost potencialnega energetskega izkoriščanja. Kljub temu trenutna struktura olj še ne omogoča njihove neposredne uporabe kot tekočega goriva, kar nakazuje nujnost nadaljnjih prilagoditev procesa pirolize in ustreznih predhodnih obdelav vhodnih surovin.In accordance with the objectives of the Directive on waste (2008/98/ES), EU members are striving to reduce the volume of landfilled waste. As a result, waste management centers are processing waste into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), which possesses significant energy potential that remains largely underutilized.
As part of the master\u27s thesis, a study was conducted to explore the potential use of three different RDF fractions as feedstock in the pyrolysis process. The fuel analysis results confirmed high calorific values and a diverse material composition.
Following the pyrolysis process, the liquid products were also characterized. The results indicated similarities with conventional diesel fuel and potential for energy utilization. However, the current structure of the oils does not yet allow for their direct use as liquid fuel, highlighting the need for further adjustments in the pyrolysis process and appropriate pre-treatment of the feedstock
Bussines plan for greenhouse cultivation of roses
No full textRaziskava je namenjena pripravi poslovnega načrta za pridelavo vrtnic v rastlinjaku. Analiza kaže, da v Sloveniji nihče ne proizvaja vrtnic. V prvem delu naloge je bila opravljena teoretična raziskava o možnostih pridelave vrtnic in potrebi investicije. Za potrebe raziskave je bila uporabljena metoda kalkulacij skupnih stroškov in finančna analiza investicije z oceno parametra neto sedanje vrednosti (NSV). Sledila je raziskava samega trga, kjer je bil skozi anketo raziskan trg rezanih vrtnic. Na podlagi rezultatov ankete je bila določena cena in vrsta vrtnic, ki bi bila zanimiva za potrošnika. Skozi fizično razdeljevanje ankete smo tudi stopili v kontakt s potencialnimi strankami. V zadnjem delu so bili sešteti vsi stroški in na podlagi ekonomske raziskave je bilo opredeljeno, če je investicija smiselna ali ne. Skozi analizo stroškov smo ugotovili, da je tovrstna investicija smiselna.In this research, a bussiness plan, for the production of roses in a greenhouse, was prepared. The research indicated, that there are no producers of cut roses in Slovenia. The first part contains theoretical research on the possibility of producing cut roses and the needs of the investment. The method of calculating the total cost with financial analysis of the investment and evaluation of the NPV was used. The cut roses market was analysed via a questionnaire. Based on the results, a decision was made on the price and varieties, while also considering consumer.Because questionaires were distributed manually, the oportunity presented itselfto get in contact with potential clients. In the last part,all the costs were aded and an economic evaluation of the bussiness was produced, as well as an estimation on the profitability of the investment. This investment was profitable
Design of new central rakes family
No full textMagistrsko delo je rezultat dela v sklopu projekta podjetja SIP. Cilji so bili nadgraditi primarno funkcijo, izboljšati karakteristike stroja, vizualni pogled in uporabniško izkušnjo obstoječih centralnih zgrabljalnikov STAR 720|22 T in STAR 850|26 T. Zahteve trga in vodstva podjetja so bile jasno sestavljene v zahtevnik, ki je bil osnova za celoten proces dela.
Prikazan je celoten postopek projekta, ki vključuje razčlenitev in pojasnitev vseh pomembnejših prelomnic projekta. Od raziskave, definiranja zahtevnika, oblikovanja, izdelave prototipa in predstavitve končnega produkta. Zaključek naloge predstavlja dosežene cilje projekta ter nastali končni dizajn.The master\u27s thesis is the result of work within the SIP company project. The goal was to upgrade the primary function, improve the machine characteristics, visual appearance and user experience of the existing central rakes STAR 720|22 T and STAR 850|26 T. The requirements of the market and the management of the company were clearly compiled into a request form, which was the basis for the entire work process.
The entire process of the project is shown, which includes a breakdown and explanation of all the important turning points of the project. From research, defining the requirement, design, prototyping and presentation of the final product. The completion of the assignment represents the achieved project goals and the resulting final design
Organizing production using the 5s method and the two-bin inventory control
No full textMagistrsko delo zajema problematiko proizvodno usmerjenih podjetij po vsem svetu. V grobem je sestavljeno iz dveh delov. V prvem sta uvodoma predstavljena problematika in potek dela, nato sledi krajša predstavitev podjetja Medicop in na koncu najobširnejši sklop, ki zajema teoretične osnove opisane problematike. Drugi del se navezuje na podjetje Medicop, d. o. o., v katerem so bili izvedeni vsi projekti, ki so v povezavi z ureditvijo proizvodnje. Torej, opisani so postopki spremembe postavitve montažnih mest na montaži specialnih vozil. Na principu metode 5S je opisana ureditev proizvodnje – od ločevanja, urejanja, čiščenja, uvedbe standarda do vzdrževanja sistema. Opisan je način vpeljave sistema dveh zabojev za nadzor zalog za vijačni material na montaži specialnih vozil. Vsem opisom uvedenih sprememb sledijo rezultati naloge na montaži specialnih vozil.The master\u27s thesis addresses issues faced by production-oriented companies worldwide. Roughly, it consists of two parts. In the first part, there is an introduction at the beginning. It presents the issues and the course of the thesis. A short presentation of the Medicop company follows. Finally, there is the most extensive part which covers the theoretical foundations of the described issues. The second part is related to the company Medicop d.o.o. in which all the performed projects are related to the regulation of production. Therefore, the procedures for changing the location of assembly points on the assembly of special vehicles are described. The regulation of production based on the principle of the 5S method is described. This includes separation, regulation, cleansing, introduction of the standard, and system maintenance. The method of introducing a two-bin system for inventory control for screw material on the assembly of special vehicles is described. All descriptions of the introduced changes are followed by the results of the special vehicle assembly task
Numerical analysis of the HideOUT product
No full textV magistrski nalogi je opisana numerična analiza izdelka HideOut, modularne zunanje enote, ki jo proizvaja podjetje Dukin d. o. o. Glavni cilj analize je bil določiti polja pomikov in napetosti v obstoječi konstrukciji ter nato izvesti optimizacijo tega izdelka. Geometrija je bila pripravljena v programskem paketu SolidWorks, numerična analiza pa izvedena v programskem paketu PrePoMax, po metodi končnih elementov. Rezultati analize so razkrili najbolj obremenjene dele konstrukcije, kar je služilo kot osnova za optimizacijo. V okviru optimizacije je bila izdelana nova različica konstrukcije, pri čemer je bila teža zmanjšana, ne da bi pri tem ogrozili varnost ali stabilnost. Poleg tega so bile napetosti v konstrukciji bolj enakomerno porazdeljene. Optimizacija tako izboljšuje funkcionalnost in ekonomičnost izdelka, saj ohranja strukturno integriteto, hkrati pa zmanjšuje stroške proizvodnje in porabo materiala.The master\u27s thesis presents a numerical analysis of the HideOut product, a modular outdoor unit manufactured by Dukin d.o.o. The main objective of the analysis was to determine the displacement and stress fields in the existing structure and subsequently perform an optimization of the HideOut product. The geometry was prepared using the SolidWorks software package, while the numerical analysis was conducted in the PrePoMax software package based on the finite element method. The results identified the most loaded points of the structure, which formed the basis for the product\u27s optimization. A new structure was designed with reduced weight, without compromising safety or stability. Additionally, the stress distribution within the structure was improved. This optimization enhances the product\u27s functionality and cost-efficiency by maintaining structural integrity while reducing production costs and material usage
Construction of the tcd 16.0 v8 charge air pipe bracket
No full textV magistrskem delu je obravnavano konstruiranje nosilca cevi za polnilni zrak motorja TCD 16.0 V8. Pri testiranju delovanja motorja so se na stari varianti nosilca pojavile velike vibracije, zato je bilo potrebno konstruirati nov nosilec z ugodnejšimi vibracijskimi in trdnostnimi lastnostmi. V začetku so predstavljene teoretične osnove sekundarnih komponent obravnavanega motorja, modalna analize ter vibracijski testi nosilcev, ki so bili izvedeni na delujočem motorju. V nadaljevanju sta podrobneje opisani obe varianti nosilcev ter njune geometrijske in materialne lastnosti. Za validacijo novega koncepta je nato opisana priprava numeričnega modela, naloga pa se nadaljuje s samo simulacijo. Najprej je bila izvedena modalna analiza, pri kateri so podrobneje opisane prve tri lastne frekvence. Sledi numerična trdnostna analiza, v kateri so predstavljeni rezultati največjih pomikov in napetosti. Rezultati so bili opisani in analizirani in tako smo potrdili, da ima nov koncept ustreznejše karakteristike.The master\u27s thesis addresses the construction of a pipe bracket for the TCD 16.0 V8 engine\u27s air intake. Significant vibrations were observed in the old version during engine operation, necessitating the design of a new bracket with improved vibration and strenght properties. The theoretical foundations od secondary components, the analyzed engine, modal analysis, and vibration tests on the supports are introduced initially. Both versions of the brackets, along with their geometric and material properties, are detiled further. To validate the new concept, the preparation of a numerical model is described, followed by simulation. Modal analysis, focusing on the first three natural frequencies, was conducted initially. Subsequently, a numerical strenght analyzed presented results for maximum displacements and stresses. The results were described, analyzed, confirming that the new concept exhibits more favorable characteristics
High-Precision electronic system for generation and stabilization of the reference signal
No full textNamen te naloge je razvoj in testiranje sistema za generiranje in stabilizacijo 10 MHz referenčnega signala, ki je ključnega pomena za natančno delovanje komunikacijskih sistemov. Uporabljene metode vključujejo napetostno krmiljen kristalni oscilator, modul globalnega pozicijskega sistema za sinhronizacijo ter algoritme za merjenje in prilagajanje frekvence. Rezultati kažejo, da naš modul omogoča bolj natančne meritve in boljšo stabilnost frekvence v primerjavi s prejšnjim sistemom. Med testiranjem smo odkrili nekaj programskih hroščev, ki smo jih odpravili. V prihodnosti bi lahko uporaba umetne inteligence dodatno izboljšala naš algoritem.The purpose of this thesis is the development and testing of a system for generating and stabilizing a 10 MHz reference signal, which is crucial for the precise operation of communication systems. The methods used include a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, a global positioning system module for synchronization, and algorithms for frequency measurement and adjustment. The results show that our module enables more accurate measurements and better frequency stability compared to the previous system. During testing, we identified and resolved some software bugs. In the future, the use of artificial intelligence could further improve our algorithm
Production line optimization project with value stream analysis and other lean methods
No full textV magistrski nalogi smo raziskali teorijo vitke proizvodnje in se seznanili z njenimi orodji, ki jih uporabljajo v podjetjih za optimiziranje procesov. Orodje analiza toka vrednosti smo nato uporabili za analizo resnične proizvodnje v podjetju Geberit, kjer smo ustvarili načrt trenutnega stanja proizvodnje linije za izdelavo priključnih cevnih sistemov, opredelili problematične točke procesa in zanje predlagali rešitve. Ugotovili smo, da podjetje proizvaja cevne sisteme z izgubami, kot so vmesne zaloge, čezmerno proizvajanje in izgube zaradi gibanja izdelkov. Podjetju smo v načrtu želenega stanja toka vrednosti predlagali rešitve z uporabo kanban sistema in združevanjem delovnih procesov v celico.We have researched the theory of lean manufacturing and conducted a detailed review of the literature on a lean methodology tool called Value Stream Mapping (VSM). We then applied Value Stream Mapping to analyze the actual production at Geberit, where we developed a map for the current state of the production line for pipe systems, identified problematic process points, and proposed solutions for them. We found that the company was producing pipe systems with waste, such as work in process inventory, overproduction, and waste due to product movement. In the future state map of the value stream, we suggested solutions to the company using a "kanban" system and consolidating work processes into cells.
Hemp seeds extraction and characterisation of biological component
No full textKonopljino olje je zelo cenjen proizvod, saj vsebuje esencialne aminokisline in visoke deleže (več kot 80%) polinenasičenih maščobnih kislin (PUFA). Razmerje γ-linolenske kisline (omega 6) in α -linolenske kisline (omega 3) v konopljinem olju se giblje med 2,1 in 3,1. Poleg tega konopljino olje vsebuje tudi stearinsko kislino, terpenoide in druge biološko zanimive komponente. Iz konopljinih semen smo s pomočjo konvencionalnih metod (ekstrakcija po Soxhletu, hladna maceracija, hladno stiskanje) in nekonvencionalnih metod (ekstrakcija z ultrazvokom, superkritična ekstrakcija) pridobili različne ekstrakte in jim določili totalne fenole, antioksidativni potencial in vsebnost maščobnih kislin z GC-MS. Predvsem smo se posvetili omega 3 in omega 6 maščobnim kislinam, kjer nas je zanimala njihova vsebnost v ekstraktih in organogelih. Hkrati smo primerjali sestavo maščobnih kislih svežih ter staranih ekstraktov in organogelov. Rezultati kažejo, da smo uspešno izolirali želene komponente iz konopljinega semena. Ekstrakti in organogeli so vsebovali od 48 do 70% maščobnih kislin. Razmerja med linolno in linolensko kislino pa so bila med 2,65 in 2,8. S tvorjenjem organogelov pa smo uspešno zamrežili maščobne kisline in upočasnili njihovo razpadanje ter dosegli kontrolirano hitrost sproščanja.Hemp oil is a highly valued product, as it contains essential amino acids and high proportions (more than 80%) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The ratio of γ-linolenic acid (ω-6) and α-linolenic acid (ω-3) in hemp oil ranges from 2.1 to 3.1. In addition, hemp oil also contains stearic acid, terpenoids and other biologically interesting components. Using conventional methods (ultrasound extraction, Soxhlet extraction, cold maceration), non-conventional methods (supercritical extraction, cold-pressed oil), we are obtain various extracts from hemp seeds and determine their total phenols, antioxidant activity and the content of various fatty acids by GC-MS. In particular, we are focus on omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, where we are interested in their content in extracts and organogels. At the same time, we compare the composition of fresh and aged fatty acid extracts and organogels. The results show that we have successfully isolated biocomponents from hemp seeds. Extracts and organogels contained from 48 to 70% fatty acids. The ratios between linoleic and linolenic acids ranged between 2.65 and 2.8. By forming organogels, fatty acids were successfully cross-linked and their decomposition and solubility rate has been controlle
Prototip naprave za testiranje integriranih vezij
No full textThe field of electronics is constantly evolving, and this master\u27s thesis aims to explore the latest developments and investigate their potential impact on various applications. The research covers topics such as semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, communication systems, and digital signal processing. Based on extensive literature review, theoretical analysis, and experimental investigations, the thesis provides valuable insights into the latest trends in electronics and testing, especially in the automotive industry. The project\u27s focus is on the development of a prototype testing device for integrated circuits in cooperation with company NXP Semiconductors Austria GmbH & Co KG. The device needs to effectively find failures in the investigated integrated circuit\u27s digital section and offer powerful forcing and measuring options to verify the analog parameters. The solution developed includes a configurable Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) master node communication block and a Graphical User Interface (GUI). Effective communication is essential for any electronic system, and the importance of communication continues to grow with technology advances. I have demonstrated the versatility of LabVIEW as a programming tool for FPGAs and IC testing, providing an effective and user-friendly environment for electronics engineers to develop and test. By enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of IC testing, the work can help manufacturers and engineers accelerate their testing processes, reduce costs, and improve product quality. I have gained a deeper understanding of the challenges involved in electronics testing and the importance of efficient testing processes. The research makes a meaningful contribution to the field of electronics engineering and has the potential to shape the future of electronics testing and improve the reliability and performance of electronic devices.Področje elektronike se nenehno razvija, magistrsko delo pa si prizadeva raziskati najnovejše tehnologije in preučiti njihov potencialni vpliv na različne aplikacije. Raziskava obsega teme, kot so polprevodniške naprave, integrirana vezja, komunikacijski sistemi in digitalna obdelava signalov. Na podlagi obsežne literature, teoretične analize in eksperimentalnih raziskav magistrsko delo ponuja vpoglede v najnovejše trende v elektroniki in testiranju, še posebej v avtomobilski industriji. Projekt se osredotoča na razvoj prototipa naprave za testiranje integriranih vezji v sodelovanju s podjetjem NXP Semiconductors Austria GmbH & Co KG. Naprava bo učinkovito odkrila napake v digitalnem delu integriranega vezja in ponujala zmogljivost ter merilne možnosti za preverjanje analognih parametrov. Razvita rešitev vključuje nastavljiv blok serijske komunikacije Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) in grafični uporabniški vmesnik (GUI). Učinkovita komunikacija je bistvenega pomena za vsak elektronski sistem, pomembnost komunikacije pa se s tehnološkim napredkom še naprej povečuje. Predstavil sem vsestranskost programa LabVIEW, kot orodja za programiranje FPGA-jev in testiranje tiskanih vezji, ki omogoča učinkovito in uporabniku prijazno okolje za razvoj in testiranje. Z izboljšanjem učinkovitosti testiranja tiskanih vezji, lahko delo pomaga proizvajalcem in inženirjem pospešiti njihove teste, zmanjšati stroške in izboljšati kakovost izdelkov. Pridobil sem globlje razumevanje, izzivov, ki jih prinaša testiranje elektronike in pomembnosti učinkovitih procesov testiranja. Raziskava prispeva k razvoju področja elektrotehnike in ima potencial, da oblikuje prihodnost testiranja elektronike ter izboljša zanesljivost in zmogljivost elektronskih naprav