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Palletization of coffe machines onto pallets with ABB IRB 660 - 180/3.15 Robot arm
No full textV sodobni industriji služijo simulacije virtualnih robotskih celic kot podpora pri načrtovanju in optimizaciji proizvodnje. Predhodno je mogoče preveriti gibanje robotov, interakcije med komponentami in delovanje sistema kot celote. S pripravo simulacije dosežemo zgodnje odkrivanje napak, optimizacijo ciklov in zmanjšanje stroškov. S tem namenom je bila v programskem okolju Robot Studio pripravljena simulacija robotske celice za namen paletizacije zapakiranih kavnih avtomatov. Priprava vsebuje pozicioniranje 3D modelov in robota ABB IRB 660 – 180/3.15, konfiguracijo krmilnika IRC5 z dodatnimi nastavitvami, pripravo simulacijske logike, pisanje programa, časovno analizo in optimizacijo pozicij v simulaciji.In modern industry, simulations of virtual robot cells serve as support for planning and optimizing production. Robot movements, interactions between components and the operation of the system as a whole can be checked in advance. By preparing the simulation in advance, we achieve early error detection, cycle optimization and reduced production cost. For this purpose, a simulation of a robot cell for the purpose of palletizing packaged coffe machines was prepared in Robot Studio software environment. The preparation included positioning of 3D models and ABB IRB 660 – 180/3.15 industrial robot, IRC5 controller configuration with additional settings, preparing the simulation logic, writing the program, performing time analysis and optimizing positions in the simulation
Development of an integrated platform for menu management and ingredient ordering
No full textDiplomsko delo predstavlja razvoj spletne platforme za šole, ki omogoča načrtovanje
jedilnikov, avtomatiziran izračun potrebnih sestavin ter oblikovanje skupnih naročil za živila.
Sistem omogoča tudi primerjavo ponudb dobaviteljev in je razvit z uporabo tehnologij C# in
Angular. Rešitev je bila testirana v sodelovanju s tremi šolami in je pokazala stabilno delovanje
osnovnih funkcionalnosti. Glavni cilj je poenostavitev in optimizacija prehranske nabave v
izobraževalnih ustanovah ter omogočanje večje transparentnosti in vključevanja lokalnih
dobaviteljev.This thesis presents the development of a web platform for schools that enables menu
planning, automated calculation of required ingredients, and the creation of joint food orders.
The system also supports supplier offer comparisons and was developed using technologies
C# and Angular. The solution was tested in collaboration with three schools, demonstrating
stable operation of its core functionalities. The main objective is to simplify and optimize food
procurement in educational institutions while promoting greater transparency and inclusion
of local suppliers
Specializiran oddajnik za preizkušanje elektromagnetne združljivosti
No full textIn this thesis, we aimed to design, test, and implement a custom transmitter for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing. After assembling a technological overview of all relevant technologies, we engineered the design of the first prototype. It was a battery powered, manually tunable, communication isolated, compact, portable transmitter that can operate without other control devices in a test setup. The central parameters of improvement were enhanced power output and EMC. The power output needed to be manually tunable and enable constant magnetic field strength over a select set of distances. We had to implement all enhancements to the design while simultaneously improving the electromagnetic compatibility as much as possible. We were focusing on the noise produced by the transmitter itself. According to the test plan, we performed tests in signal quality, output power over distance, and EMC in a GTEM cell. In the first prototype, we did not reach the goals of increasing power output, adding the ability to adjust the output power manually, and increasing electromagnetic compatibility. The amplification stage and output driver stage did not meet the full specifications. The initial stages of the transmitter were fully functional, and we can include them in the next design.Zagotavljanje ustreznosti frekvenčnega spektra je na področju inovacij naprav z zmožnostmi brezžične komunikacije in brezžičnega prenosa moči ključnega pomena. V testih elektromagnetne združljivosti se preverja ustreznost prenosa signala pri določenih frekvencah in moči. Če se izide, da oddani signali ne ustrezajo mejam standardov, naprava ne pridobi potrdila za ustreznost. Takšna naprava ne more biti dostopna na prostem trgu. Končno preverjanje se izvaja v zunanjih testnih hišah, kjer se opravita strokovni pregled in ovrednotenje rezultatov elektromagnetne združljivosti in elektromagnetne odpornosti. Preverjanje naprave v zunanjih laboratorijih lahko povzroči zakasnitve v časovnem načrtu projekta. Sočasno predstavlja tudi določeno stopnjo finančne obremenitve. Če bi v vsakem ciklu iskanja in odpravljanja pomanjkljivosti bili odvisni od zunanjih laboratorijev, bi projekt postal potencialno dražji in časovno neizvedljiv. Rešitev za pohitritev iskanja pomanjkljivosti je razvoj lastnega testnega poligona. V večini primerov oprema za elektromagnetno združljivost zahteva znatne investicije. Za ustrezno preverjanje se pogosto potrebuje več različnih naprav. Izpolnjevanje vseh zahtev preverjanja naprave, z opremo dostopno na prostem trgu, včasih tudi ni možno. Kot alternativa ostane tako zasnova in izdelava lastne testne opreme, ki je prilagojena notranjim aplikacijam podjetja.
V nalogi »Specializiran oddajnik za preizkušanje elektromagnetne združljivosti« smo si tako zadali cilj izdelati oddajnik, ki presega trenutno opremo v ustreznosti in pokriva celoten seznam zahtev. Hkrati je moral biti združljiv tudi z obstoječo laboratorijsko opremo. Prejšnja verzija oddajnika je imela pomanjkljivosti v izhodni moči in spektralni čistosti signala. Poleg znatnega izboljšanja obeh parametrov smo želeli dodati tudi nove funkcionalnosti
Technical and economic analysis of bridge crane components with a focus on customized solutions
No full textV sklopu magistrskega dela je predstavljena tehnično-ekonomska analiza komponent mostnih žerjavov, s poudarkom na razvoju rešitev, prilagojenih zahtevam naročnikov. Osrednji del zajema analizo glavnega nosilca in dvižnega reduktorja, kjer so s korelacijsko in regresijsko analizo raziskane povezave med maso in potrebnimi delovnimi urami. Rezultati potrjujejo močno povezanost in omogočajo boljše napovedovanje stroškov. Tržna analiza dodatno opredeljuje prednosti namensko izdelanih komponent v primerjavi s serijskimi. Delo potrjuje, da prilagojena konstrukcija žerjavov podjetju omogoča večjo konkurenčnost v industrijskem okolju.This master\u27s thesis presents a technical and economic analysis of bridge crane components, with a focus on the development of solutions tailored to customer requirements. The central part includes an analysis of the main girder and the lifting reducer, where correlation and regression methods are used to examine the relationship between mass and required working hours. The results confirm a strong correlation and enable better cost prediction. A market analysis further highlights the advantages of purpose-built components compared to standard ones. The study confirms that customized crane design enhances a company\u27s competitiveness in the industrial environment
Design and development of a single-axis positioner
No full textV magistrskem delu je predstavljen proces načrtovanja in konstruiranja enoosnega pozicionerja za različne nosilnosti. Cilj je bil razviti pozicioner, ki izboljšuje funkcionalnost, stroškovno učinkovitost in prilagodljivost v primerjavi z obstoječimi rešitvami. Izbran je bil servo motor kot pogon in harmonični reduktor kot gonilo. Uporaba programa Autodesk Inventor Professional 2024 je omogočila izdelavo zvarjenega ohišja in celotnega sestava. Ekonomična analiza je potrdila smiselnost lastne izdelave. Narejeni so bili načrti za uporabljene polizdelke, načrt zvarjenca ohišja in načrt njegove obdelave. Delo zaključuje s sklepi in predlogi izboljšav, ko se izdela prototip.The master\u27s thesis presents the process of planning and designing a single-axis positioner for various load capacities. The goal was to develop a positioner that improves functionality, cost efficiency, and adaptability compared to existing solutions. A servo motor was selected as the drive and a harmonic reducer as the gearbox. The use of Autodesk Inventor Professional 2024 allowed for the creation of a welded housing and the entire assembly. An economic analysis confirmed the viability of our own production. Drawings were made for all used housing parts, drawing for the welded housing and drawing for its machining. The thesis concludes with findings and suggestions for improvements once the prototype is produced
Development of a Thin-Layer Chromatographic Platform for the Detection of Phenolic Compounds in Complex Matrices of Food Samples and Plant Extracts
No full textZ uporabo denzitometrije in analize slik je bila razvita platforma na osnovi tankoplastne kromatografije za detekcijo 93 fenolnih spojin s sedmimi detekcijskimi reagenti na treh stacionarnih fazah (HPTLC: silikagel, silikagel F254 in celuloza). Platformo sestavljata: baza slik, dokumentiranih pri vidni svetlobi, 254 nm in 366 nm, in baza absorpcijskih spektrov (190–800 nm) spojin. Slike in spektri so bili posneti pred derivatizacijo in po derivatizaciji z vsemi sedmimi detekcijskimi reagenti. Platforma omogoča večdimenzionalno primerjavo in s tem odpira veliko možnosti za načrtovanje študij in podporo pri kemijskih analizah. Primerjamo lahko več faktorjev, ki vključujejo: stacionarne faze, svetlobo za detekcijo (pri dokumentaciji), absorpcijske spektre z maksimumi, derivatizacijske reagente, skupine in podskupine fenolnih spojin, posamezne fenolne spojine itd. Uporabni potencial platforme je predvsem v načrtovanju analiz fenolnih spojin (izbor optimalnih pogojev detekcije) v vzorcih s kompleksnimi matricami, kot so vzorci hrane in rastlinski ekstrakti. Platforma je bila uporabljena za izbor optimalnih pogojev detekcije pri kvantitativnih analizah resveratrola v 20 prehranskih dopolnilih. Analize, izvedene z metodo na osnovi tankoplastne kromatografije visoke ločljivosti v povezavi z denzitometrijo, so pokazale, da se pri kar 95 % izdelkov določene vsebnosti ne ujemajo z deklariranimi vsebnostmi in da so pri 55 % izdelkov določene vsebnosti večje od deklariranih. Pri 25 % izdelkov so določene vsebnosti na enoto presegale predpisano najvišjo dovoljeno raven za prehranska dopolnila s trans-resveratrolom (150 mg/dan). Preverjena je bila skladnost označb 22 prehranskih dopolnil z regulatornimi zahtevami za označevanje hrane in prehranskih dopolnil. Večina označb je vsebovala potrebne informacije, a so bile prisotne tudi številne napake.A thin-layer chromatographic platform for the detection of 93 phenolic compounds with seven detection reagents on three stationary phases (HPTLC: silica gel, silica gel F254 and cellulose) was developed using densitometry and image analysis. The platform consists of a database of images documented at white light, 254 nm and 366 nm and a database of absorption spectra (190–800 nm). Images and absorption spectra were collected before and after derivatization with all seven detection reagents. The platform enables a multidimensional comparison offering many possibilities for designing experiments, analysis support and support of analytical research. Several factors that can be compared include: stationary phasesdetection light for documentationabsorption spectra with maximaderivatization reagentsgroups and subgroups of phenolic compoundsindividual phenolic compoundsetc. The platform can be used in planning of analyses of phenolic compounds in complex matrix samples (food and plant extracts). The platform was used to select the optimal detection conditions for quantitative analyses of resveratrol in 20 food supplements. Analyses performed using a method based on high-performance thin-layer chromatography coupled with densitometry showed that 95% of products had contents different from what was declared and 55% of products contained higher contents than declared. In 25% of the products the determined content per unit exceeded the maximum level stated in conditions under which a food supplement with trans-resveratrol may be used (150 mg/day). Compliance of food labelling with regulatory requirements was examined on labels of 22 food supplements. Most labels contained the necessary information, but multiple errors were observed
Colloidal stability of tannin particles milled in a planetary micromill
No full textTanini so polifenolne spojine, katere uvrščamo med naravne antioksidante in jih pridobivamo iz različnih delov rastlin. Od tega je odvisna tudi sama struktura molekule. Na podlagi strukture ločimo dve vrsti, kondenzirane in hidrolizirane. Tanini so, zaradi svojih lastnosti, zelo aplikativne spojine, katerih uporaba je razširjena na številnih področjih. Pomembni so tako za rastline kot pri ljudeh, saj zavirajo delovanje in razmnoževanje mikroorganizmov, ki povzročajo bolezenska stanja. Za njihovo učinkovito delovanje je stabilnost raztopine koloidov zelo pomemben dejavnik. Da dosežemo koloidno stabilnost, moramo zagotoviti ozko porazdelitev velikosti delcev in nižjo vrednost polidisperznega indeksa (PDI). Ena izmed metod, s katero vplivamo na ozko porazdelitev delcev je mletje. Z mletjem namreč povzročimo nastanek delcev manjšega hidrodinamskega premera mlevnega materiala, v primerjavi z izhodnim.
Diplomsko delo zajema študijo vpliva zmanjšanja velikosti delcev s pomočjo mletja, na koloidno stabilnost delcev tanina v vodnih suspenzijah. Delce smo mleli z uporabo planetarnega mikromlina in planetarnega krogličnega mlina, pri tem pa smo spreminjali procesne parametre, kot so razmerje med mlevnim materialom in mlevnimi kroglicami (1:15 in 1:20), čas mletja in število obratov. Pred izvedbo dela smo referenčni vzorec ovrednotili z uporabo metode dinamičnega sipanja svetlobe (DLS) in zeta potenciala, s termogravimetrično analizo (TGA) ter Fourierjevo transformacijsko infrardečo spektroskopijo (FTIR). Za določanje (končnega) premera zmletih delcev smo ponovno uporabili DLS, merjenje antioksidativnosti pa smo spremljali z UV-Vis spektrofotometrom.Tannins are polyphenolic compounds classified as natural antioxidants and are obtained from various parts of plants. Their moleculare structure also depends on the plant source. Based on the structure, tannins are divided into two main types, condensed and hydrolyzed tannins. Due to their diverse properties, tannins are highly applicable and widely used in many fields. They are important for both plants and humans, as they inhibir the activity and reproduction of microorganisms that cause disease. For their effective function, the colloidal stability of the suspension is very important factor. To achieve this, it is necessary to ensure a narrow particle size distribution and a low polydispersity index (PDI). This can be influenced in several ways, including grinding. Grinding reduces the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles compared to their original one.
The thesis investigates how particle size reduction through milling affects the colloidal stability of tannins particles in aqueous suspension. The particles were milled using a planetary micromill and a planetary ball mill, with variations in process parameters such as ratio, milling time and rotation speed. Before the experimental work, the reference sample was characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurments, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). DLS was again used to determine the final diameter of the milled particles, while antioxidant activity was measured using a UV-Vis spectophotometry
E.leisure battery development with thermal elements
No full textMagistrsko delo obravnava razvoj litij-železo-fosfatne baterije (LiFePO₄) E. Leisure s poudarkom na integraciji grelnih elementov za izboljšanje delovanja pri nizkih temperaturah. Namen raziskave je bil oblikovati funkcionalni prototip baterije, ki bo podjetju TAB d. d. omogočil nadaljnji razvoj in vpeljavo v serijsko proizvodnjo. V delu je podrobno predstavljeno delovanje Li-ion celic, sistem toplotnega upravljanja ter analiza konkurenčnih baterij in grelcev. Razvit je bil 3D CAD model baterijskega paketa s konfiguracijo 4S1P in integriranim ogrevanjem. Opravljena je bila tehnično-ekonomska primerjava ročne in delno avtomatizirane proizvodnje ter določitev točke preloma za investicijsko odločitev. Delo temelji na praktičnem sodelovanju s podjetjem TAB, kar prispeva k neposredni uporabnosti rezultatov.The master\u27s thesis focuses on the development of the E. Leisure lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) battery with integrated heating elements to enhance performance in low-temperature environments. The goal of the research was to design a functional battery prototype tailored to the needs of the company TAB d.d., serving as a basis for further development and potential mass production. The thesis presents a detailed overview of Li-ion cell operation, thermal management systems, and a comparative analysis of competing batteries and heating solutions. A 3D CAD model of a 4S1P battery pack with integrated heating was developed. A techno-economic comparison of manual versus semi-automated production lines was conducted, along with a break-even analysis to support strategic investment decisions. The project was carried out in collaboration with TAB d.d., ensuring practical relevance and applicability of the results
Optimization of the tensioner in the fiber winding process
No full textV magistrskem delu je obravnavana optimizacija naprave za napenjanje vlaken v postopku filamentnega navijanja, ki predstavlja ključno tehnologijo pri izdelavi kompozitnih cevi iz steklenih in bazaltnih vlaken. Izvedena je bila poglobljena analiza obstoječe naprave, kjer so bile identificirane njene ključne pomanjkljivosti: nizka natančnost merjenja napetosti, omejene možnosti regulacije v realnem času, neprimerna zasnova komponent ter omejena prilagodljivost pri integraciji v proizvodni proces. Na osnovi pregleda sodobnih rešitev na trgu in analize konkurenčnih ponudnikov je bil oblikovan sklop zahtev, ki vključuje funkcionalne, tehnične in varnostne vidike. Poseben poudarek je bil namenjen natančnemu merjenju napetosti s pomočjo obremenitvene celice AST KAP-S, modularni zasnovi konstrukcije, kompaktnosti sistema ter zmožnosti integracije v obstoječo CFW-linijo podjetja Topfibra d. o. o. Proces optimizacije je potekal v več iteracijah, kjer so bile razvite štiri konceptne zasnove naprave. Vsaka faza razvoja je prinesla pomembne izboljšave, kot so optimizacija razporeditve aktuatorjev, povečanje mehanske togosti, izboljšana dostopnost za vzdrževanje ter vključitev nosilnih plošč za namestitev merilnih in vodilnih elementov. Končna rešitev vključuje kompaktno in robustno konstrukcijo z integriranim merilnim sistemom in pripravo na implementacijo zaprte regulacijske zanke s PID-regulacijo. V zaključnem delu je izvedena tudi ekonomska analiza investicije, kjer so ocenjeni stroški optimizacije, vzdrževanja in izpadov v primerjavi z obstoječim sistemom. Rezultati kažejo na ekonomsko upravičenost investicije ob upoštevanju dolgoročnih prihrankov in povečanja proizvodne stabilnosti. Magistrsko delo tako združuje teoretične osnove, analizo obstoječega stanja, optimizacijski razvoj in ekonomsko vrednotenje, kar prispeva k celovitemu izboljšanju proizvodnega procesa podjetja Topfibra d. o. o.This master\u27s thesis addresses the optimisation of the fibre tensioning device used in the filament winding process, a key technology in the production of composite pipes made of glass and basalt fibres. An in-depth analysis of the existing device was conducted, identifying several critical shortcomings: low accuracy of tension measurement, limited real-time regulation capabilities, inadequate component design, and limited flexibility for integration into the production process. Based on a review of contemporary market solutions and an analysis of competing suppliers, a comprehensive set of requirements was defined, covering functional, technical, and safety aspects. Special attention was dedicated to precise tension measurement using the AST KAP-S load cell, the modular design of the structure, the compactness of the system, and its compatibility with the existing CFW line at Topfibra d. o. o. The optimisation process was carried out through several iterations, resulting in the development of four conceptual design solutions. Each phase brought notable improvements, such as the optimisation of actuator layout, increased mechanical rigidity, improved accessibility for maintenance, and the inclusion of support plates for mounting measurement and guiding components. The final solution features a compact and robust structure with an integrated measurement system and preparation for the implementation of a closed-loop PID control system. In the concluding part of the thesis, an economic analysis of the investment was conducted, evaluating optimisation costs, maintenance expenses, and downtime in comparison with the existing system. The results demonstrate the economic justification of the investment, taking into account long-term savings and increased production stability. This master\u27s thesis thus combines theoretical foundations, an analysis of the existing state, optimisation development, and economic evaluation, contributing to a comprehensive improvement of the production process at Topfibra d. o. o
Optimization of the calibration procedure of steel squares
No full textV magistrski nalogi smo se osredotočili na optimizacijo postopka kalibracije jeklenih kotnikov s pomočjo koordinatne merilne naprave, s čimer smo skrajšali čas kalibracije ter razbremenili kader laboratorija. Za izdelavo univerzalnega programa smo uporabili programski paket PC-DMIS. Izračunali smo merilno negotovost novega postopka, ki je bila primerljiva klasičnemu procesu umerjanja. Z uporabo univerzalnega programa lahko izvajamo kalibracije za različno velike kotnike ter tipe le–teh, prav tako pa lahko podajamo pravokotnost zunanjega kraka na notranjo referenčno ploskev ter pravokotnost notranjega kraka na zunanjo referenčno ploskev.In our master’s thesis, we focused on optimizing the calibration process of steel squares using a coordinate measuring machine, thereby reducing calibration time and alleviating the workload of the laboratory staff. To create a universal program, we used the PC-DMIS software package. We calculated the measurement uncertainty of the new procedure, which was comparable to the traditional calibration process. By using the universal program, calibrations can be performed for various sizes and types of squares, and it is also possible to determine the perpendicularity of the outer leg to the inner reference surface and the perpendicularity of the inner leg to the outer reference surface