AGH (Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza) University of Science and Technology: Journals
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A three-component model of kerogen kinetics on the example of the Menilite Beds
Full text linkThis paper presents the concept of constructing three-component kinetic models of kerogen. The method was developed based on the kinetic mass model constructed from Rock-Eval pyrolysis and Py-GC analysis results. The parameters of the discrete function describing the distribution of activation energy (Ea) and the constant values of the reaction rate (A) for the mass model were optimized based on the results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis in the Kinetics15 program. With the aid of multistage isothermal pyrolysis of Py-GC performed for the same duration at different temperatures, the percentages of each hydrocarbon fraction obtained during the successive stages of pyrolysis were determined. The determined fractions were assigned an appropriate (resulting from the mass model) value of activation energy.The multi-component kinetic model of kerogen constructed in this way enabled the calculation of the shares of individual hydrocarbon fractions generated at different stages of thermal transformation of the source rocks. Simulations of the composition of generated hydrocarbons for the developed model were carried out in the Petro-Mod Kinetic Editor. The results of the simulation justified the creation of multi-component kinetic models for each of the potential source formations located in the study area. Their implementation into the petroleum system model makes it possible to not only forecast the total amount of generated hydrocarbons but also the dynamics of the generation process and the shares of the generated fractions at various stages of thermal transformation of the source rocks.The research material consisted of Menilite source rocks samples, which are considered to be the main source of hydrocarbon accumulations in the Outer Carpathians
Optimizing Public Service Delivery Through Automated Stakeholder Interaction: Low-code BPM Implementation
Full text linkFor years, public institutions have been characterized by a complex and specific structure that requires the applications of bureaucratic procedures that are in accordance with the law and the professional preparations of officials. Nowadays, public institutions have high requirements for implementing intelligent IT systems, which allow the handling of documents in electronic form and the automatic flow of the information that is contained in them. This article presents a set of business processes that have been implemented in a public institution (dealing with the implementation of tasks in agricultural and food markets) that was performed in the BPMN notation. In addition to a description of the system, the article presents the positive impact of the implementation on the work of the authority. The article presents how business-process modeling and simulation support an enterprise in creating an integrated information-processing system. It concludes with a presentation of the effects and changes that have occurred in the authority following the implementation of a business-process-management system
Rocks, ridges, and recreation: The geotourism renaissance in Dhaubadi area of Gandaki province, western Nepal
Full text linkThis study aims to assess new and known sites along the Kawasoti–Dhaubadi–Dedgaun–Kaligandaki route for geotourism potential based on regional geology, geomorphology, and socio-cultural factors. This study includes the methods to identify geosites, geoheritage, and geomorphosites of the area by field visits including data collection and mapping. It explores the diverse tectonic zones including Dun Valley, Siwalik and the Lesser Himalaya bound by significant tectonic features like the Central Churia Thrust, the Main Boundary Thrust, and the Devachuli Thrust. The presence of plant fossils in Siwalik and Gondwana rocks, the renowned Dhaubadi iron deposit, and coal seem to enhance the geotourism potential. The Ramche landslide can be emphasized as a site for landslide research. The region features from the lowland of Narayani River with the Chitwan National Park to the Ghoral Conservation Area at high hill morphology. The captivating experiences of the Dhaubadi area’s changing climate, panoramic mountain views, and the Kali Gandaki River enhance its charm parallelly with cultural and historical sites like Maharajathan, Devachuli temples, and Rudrapurgadi. The unique culture of the Tharu and Magar community and trekking sites like Dhaubadi and Devachuli hills boost the potential of the area. Overall, the study highlights the Dhaubadi area’s geotourism scenarios and proposed for in-situ geoconservation and geoparks development
A Physical Model of Quantum Bit Behavior Based on a Programmable FPGA Integrated Circuit
Full text linkThe rapidly developing field of quantum computing and the ongoing lack of widely available quantum computers create the need for scientists to build their simulators. However, mathematical simulation of such circuits usually ignores many aspects and problems found in real quantum systems. In this article, the authors describe a quantum bit emulator based on FPGA integrated circuits. In this case, FPGA technology provides real-time massive parallelism of the modeled physical phenomena. The modeled QUBIT is represented using a Bloch sphere. Its quantum state is set and modified only by precise pulses of an electrical signal, and with the help of similar pulses, it manifests its current state in real time. The constructed QUBIT was additionally equipped with decoherence mechanisms and with circuits that intentionally respond to internal and external noises that distort its current quantum state. This article presents and discusses how such a physically built emulator works
Measure Happiness – A Contribution To Stanislaw Lem’s Definition of Happiness. Part 2: Limits of Approach
Full text linkIn the fable Kobyszczę, Stanisław Lem proposes a definition of Happiness that allows for the formulation of a mathematical model describing the intensity level of Happiness, which can be experienced by humans in different situations. Completing, correcting, and contextualization of the existing model are the main issues addressed in this article. The proposed mathematical model is not about the same Happiness experienced by different individuals. It is about the measure of intensity level of Happiness, which is experienced by an individual in many situations. That is why the proposed model describes Happiness in a new area of research located in digital humanities, where AI can be used to continue future work. The issue related to model reflects on the possibility of translating complex issues, e.g. philosophical ones, into the language of science specifically mathematics. The definitional procedure and the contextualization of the issues of good and evil and Happiness proposed by Lem in the fable Kobyszczę flow from his conception of the art of writing as the art of translating literary, philosophical, or theological issues into the language of biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, or computer science, thus contributing to the trend of considerations in the field of digital humanities and developing by use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Consequently, an analysis of the narrative structure of the fairytale will identify the limits of applying this kind of approach to the question of translatability. Issues linking Kobyszczę to some of the matters being discussed in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) will also be identified.In the fable Kobyszczę, Stanisław Lem proposes a definition of Happiness that allows for the formulation of a mathematical model describing the intensity level of Happiness, which can be experienced by humans in different situations. Completing, correcting, and contextualization of the existing model are the main issues addressed in this article. The proposed mathematical model is not about the same Happiness experienced by different individuals. It is about the measure of intensity level of Happiness, which is experienced by an individual in many situations. That is why the proposed model describes Happiness in a new area of research located in digital humanities, where AI can be used to continue future work. The issue related to model reflects on the possibility of translating complex issues, e.g. philosophical ones, into the language of science specifically mathematics. The definitional procedure and the contextualization of the issues of good and evil and Happiness proposed by Lem in the fable Kobyszczę flow from his conception of the art of writing as the art of translating literary, philosophical, or theological issues into the language of biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, or computer science, thus contributing to the trend of considerations in the field of digital humanities and developing by use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Consequently, an analysis of the narrative structure of the fairytale will identify the limits of applying this kind of approach to the question of translatability. Issues linking Kobyszczę to some of the matters being discussed in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) will also be identified
Functional business valuation – purpose is king!
Full text linkIn the present contribution, we discuss the basic principles of functional business valuation. In addition to a distinction between objective and subjective valuation theory, the differences between finance-theoretical and investment-theoretical valuation approaches are worked out. The core of our discussion is devoted to an overview of the three main functions and value concepts of functional business valuation theory
Wytwarzanie energii oraz ograniczanie jej zużycia na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa wodociągowego
Full text linkEnergia elektryczna stanowi ważną pozycję w kosztach działalności każdego przedsiębiorstwa. Dlatego jej oszczędne zużycie oraz możliwość generacji dają szansę na znalezienie oszczędności i uzyskanie lepszej pozycji rynkowej. Generacja rozproszona pozwala nie tylko na ograniczenie kosztów, ale również zmniejszenie strat na przesyle oraz zwiększenie niezawodności. Wytwarzanie energii nabiera szczególnego znaczenia w przypadku przedsiębiorstw komunalnych, których koszty funkcjonowania przekładają się bezpośrednio na stawki opłat ponoszonych przez mieszkańców. Zwykle tego typu przedsiębiorstwa posiadają naturalne uwarunkowania,jak np. miejsce pod zabudowę odnawialnych źródeł energii. Rozwój OZE to nie tylko moda, ale przede wszystkim działanie w celu ograniczenia emisji i redukcji zanieczyszczeń emitowanych do atmosfery.Oszczędność opłat za energię elektryczną można uzyskać przez jej wytwarzanie, ale także dzięki zastosowaniu inteligentnych rozwiązań w zakresie optymalizacji sterowania pracą głównych odbiorników energii elektrycznej. Wykorzystanie inteligentnych narzędzi staje się coraz bardziej powszechnie, a koszty poniesione na wdrożenie zwracają się w krótkim okresie. Tego typu środki pozwalają również na ograniczenie kosztów związanych z obsługą oraz na zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa prowadzonych procesów technologicznych. W artykule przedstawiono działania w zakresie wytwarzania i oszczędzania energii na przykładzie Wodociągów Miasta Krakowa SA
Migrations in the context of climate vulnerability and resilience
No full textCelem artykułu jest próba syntezy wniosków płynących z przeprowadzonych dotychczas badań nad związkami między mobilnością ludności i zmianami klimatu. W pierwszej części omówione zostały wybrane społeczne konsekwencje zmian klimatycznych, zwłaszcza te mogące mieć wpływ na mobilność ludności (m.in. podnoszenie się poziomu mórz, zagrożenia epidemiologiczne, zmiany temperatur). Nacisk położony został na ukazanie czynników stanowiących o podatności na zmiany klimatu poszczególnych społeczeństw i kategorii ludności, zajmujących nierówne miejsce w strukturze społecznej. W nawiązaniu do koncepcji sprawiedliwości klimatycznej zwrócono uwagę na zróżnicowane skutki i odpowiedzialność za kryzys klimatyczny. Główna część artykułu przedstawia najważniejsze cechy migracji pod wpływem zmian klimatu w kontekście nierówności społecznych. Podobnie jak inne typy mobilności, także migracje klimatyczne stanowią strategię adaptacyjną, realizowaną w określonym kontekście społeczno-ekonomicznym i zależną od usytuowania w strukturze społecznej.The aim of the paper is to summarize research on the connections between human mobility and climate change. The first part discusses selected social consequences of climate change, especially those with potential impact on migrations (including rising sea levels, epidemiological threats and temperature changes). Emphasis has been placed on factors which, on the one hand, make certain populations and subgroups thereof vulnerable to climate change and, on the other hand, factors which make individuals and groups resilient to climate change impacts. In the second part, the paper discusses unequal impacts and unequal contribution to the climate crisis. The main part highlights key features of environmental migrations. This type of mobility constitutes an adaptive strategy employed in a particular social and economic context and depending on one’s place in the social structure
DEVELOPING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CLOUD: THE AI INFN PLATFORM
Full text linkThe INFN CSN5-funded project AI INFN (“Artificial Intelligence at INFN”) aims to promote ML and AI adoption within INFN by providing comprehensive support, including state of-the-art hardware and cloud-native solutions within INFN Cloud. This facilitates efficient sharing of hardware accelerators without hindering the institute’s diverse research activities. AI INFN advances from a Virtual-Machine-based model to a flexible Kubernetes-based platform, offering features such as JWT-based authentication, JupyterHub multitenant interface, distributed file system, customizable conda environments, and specialized monitoring and accounting systems. It also enables virtual nodes in the cluster, offloading computing payloads to remote resources through the Virtual Kubelet technology, with InterLink as provider. This setup can manage workflows across various providers and hardware types, which is crucial for scientific use cases that require dedicated infrastructures for different parts of the workload. Results of initial tests to validate its production applicability, emerging case studies and integration scenarios are presented
English
No full textThe current work investigates the differences between four types of calcinated dolomite samples as suitable intermediates for subsequent silicothermic reduction of metal magnesium by simultaneous differential thermal analysis (DTA) /thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results of the DTA/TG analysis showed the least significant differences at the temperature endotherms with no weight loss on the TG curves at a temperature of 1373 K for the calcined dolomite sample TR-1 from Trebejov deposit. The most significant difference on the DTA curves was detected for the calcinated sample KRA-1 (deposit Kraľovany), which is connected with the hydration activity of the sample. According to the results of the chemical analyses, annealing products of all samples fulfilled two of the three conditions, namely a molecular ratio of CaO:MgO and an impurity content below 2.5% for their subsequent use as feedstocks in the silicothermal process for the preparation of metallic magnesium. Subsequently, the experimental test of silicothermic reduction of magnesium of calcinated sample ST-1 in a flowing argon atmosphere was investigated by EDX analysis. The results indicate that the prepared magnesium sample analysed by EDX – point and mapping analysis confirmed the presence of magnesium totalling 91% despite the failure to reach the temperature in the furnace required for the reduction of Mg