AGH (Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza) University of Science and Technology: Journals
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Possibilities of using inclined boreholes in shallow drilling
Full text linkThe article presents the possibilities of using inclined boreholes. Three cases were considered: backfill boreholes, hydrogeological boreholes, and borehole heat exchangers. The advantages and disadvantages of these solutions are described. In the case of an inclined backfill borehole, the time required for backfill material injection is minimized. In the case of an inclined hydrogeological borehole, the active filter area is increased, which improves efficiency. In the case of inclined borehole heat exchangers, the unit power exchange with the rock mass is increased by increasing the length of the borehole in the layer with the best thermal conductivity
Enhancing Building Energy Efficiency through the Implementation of Renewable Energy Sources
Full text linkConsidering increasing sustainability requirements and the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improving the energy efficiency of buildings has become a key challenge in the construction sector. One of the most promising approaches involves the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) as alternatives to traditional, high-emission energy systems. This paper presents an analysis of the potential for using RES—such as solar, geothermal, and biomass energy—to enhance the energy efficiency of residential and public buildings. The economic and environmental benefits of implementing modern energy technologies are discussed, along with examples of technical solutions and hybrid system models. Legal, technical, and social aspects related to the implementation of such systems are also considered. The results of the analysis indicate that well-designed and properly managed RES systems can significantly reduce the demand for primary energy and CO₂ emissions while increasing the energy independence of buildings
The influence of the trajectory of a borehole heat exchanger on the power exchanged with the rock mass
Full text linkThe article presents the influence of the trajectory of a borehole heat exchanger on the power exchanged with the rock mass. The focus is on the thermal parameters of rocks, which include thermal conductivity. This parameter can be determined using literature, laboratory tests, or in-situ using a thermal response test. The design of the borehole heat exchanger as an inclined borehole maximizes the power exchanged with the rock mass by increasing the length of the borehole exchanger in the layer with the best thermal parameters. Mathematical simulations and thermal response tests show the advantage of inclined wells over vertical borehole heat exchangers in terms of the amount of power obtained from the rock mass
ATTENTION-BASED MULTIPLE-REPRESENTATION METHOD FOR FINGERPRINT-PRESENTATION-ATTACK DETECTION
Full text linkFingerprint biometrics are one of the most common authentication mechanisms. However, such systems are often compromised by presentation attacks by presentation attack instruments. Most of the fingerprint presentation attack detection approaches show poor performance due to the large variation in presentation attack instruments and limited feature representation of input fingerprint. Therefore this article proposes a hybrid model of shallow and deep features with multiple representations of input fingerprints. To obtain these shallow and deep features first we have enhanced the texture of the input fingerprint through a novel median adaptive local binary pattern filter and existing binarised statistical image feature. After that, the input fingerprint image and two textured enhanced images are concatenated along with the channel dimension for multiple representations. Finally, an extended ResNeXt architecture with channel and spatial attention (EResNeXt) has been used for relevant feature extraction and presentation attack detection. The proposed model (EResNeXt) has been assessed on LivDet-2015 and Livdet-2017 datasets and provides significant results in unknown presentation attack instrument scenarios
Wyniki fazy testów metodyki ewaluacji wskaźnika SRI w Polsce w ramach projektu OTE
Full text linkW artykule omówiono wyniki fazy testów metodykiewaluacji wskaźnika SRI w Polsce. Przedstawiono miejsce i rolętestowania metodyki ewaluacji SRI w projekcie ObserwatoriumTransformacji Energetycznej (OTE) oraz uzasadniono powódwłączenia tej tematyki do projektu. Omówiono szczegółowoprzewidziane do realizacji zagadnienia badawcze i wdrożeniowedotyczące wskaźnika SRI. Zwrócono uwagę, że wskaźnik gotowościbudynku do inteligencji jest ważnym narzędziem służącymdo oceny postępu transformacji energetycznej u największegokonsumenta energii, jakim są zasoby budowlane. Z tychsamym przyczyn wskaźnik może być istotnym składnikiem„indeksu transformacji energetycznej”, który jest opracowywanyw ramach projektu OTE. Zaprezentowano działania podjętew celu oficjalnego wprowadzenia Polski do europejskiej fazytestów metodyki ewaluacji wskaźnika i przedstawiono korzyściwynikające ze współpracy pomiędzy wykonawcami testóww różnych państwach członkowskich UE. W trakcie realizacjiprac podjęto działania służące przybliżeniu tematyki ewaluacjiwskaźnika w zainteresowanych środowiskach w Polsce. Opracowanopolską wersję językową narzędzia do obliczeń wskaźnikaoraz kwestionariusze i wskazówki ułatwiające wykonywanie audytów,a także przygotowano materiały szkoleniowe dla przyszłychaudytorów. Zaproponowano graficzną metodę prezentacjiwyników ewaluacji za pomocą syntetycznej charakterystykigotowości budynku do inteligencji. Przedstawiono i omówionowyniki ewaluacji łącznie 20 budynków w Polsce na tle wynikówbadań przeprowadzonych w innych państwach członkowskichUE. Przedyskutowano wnioski wynikające z realizacji fazy testówmetodyki. Stwierdzono, że testowana metodyka ewaluacjispełnia swoje zadanie, ale przed wdrożeniem do obowiązkowejpraktyki wymaga pewnych korekt, których listę zamieszczonow ostatnim rozdziale artykułu
Studium przypadku – budynek MLBE Politechniki Krakowskiej jako przykład perspektywicznego spojrzenia na funkcjonalności budynków
Full text linkW 2014 r. oddano do użytkowania budynek Małopolskiego Laboratorium Budownictwa Energooszczędnego Politechniki Krakowskiej (MLBE). W MLBE znajdują się laboratoria badawcze technologii budowlanych, a sam budynek, wraz z instalacjami technicznymi, również pozostaje obiektem badań. Dziesięć lat po jego powstaniu, w ramach projektu Obserwatorium Transformacji Energetycznej (OTE), przeprowadzono ewaluację wartości wskaźnika SRI dla budynku. Obiekt uzyskał najwyższą ocenę spośród wszystkich budynków przebadanych w tej fazie testów w Polsce. Pokazuje to, że twórcy koncepcji MLBE skutecznie przewidzieli kierunki rozwoju funkcjonalności budynków
Continuous contractional deformation followed by extension in the Nowy Sącz Basin, Polish Outer Carpathians: constraints from fault-slip analysis
Full text linkFault-slip analysis was carried out in the Nowy Sącz Basin and the surroundings of the Polish Outer Carpathians based on field observations, published maps, and publications. A reconstruction of the stress field and the contractional directions from the folds suggests that the area was marked by four different deformation phases, most of them involving several stress states. The tilt test supports the separation of pre-, syn-, and post-folding deformation episodes within the phases which occurred during the folding of the Palaeogene to Early Miocene flysch units and also during the folding of the late Middle Miocene basin fill. After an early extensional phase at the onset of the deformation history, the area was marked by contractional deformation from ~34 Ma to ~8 Ma. During this period the compressional direction did not change markedly but a slight clockwise change of the maximal stress axis may have occurred in the Early Miocene due to vertical-axis block rotation. In this persistent deformation field, the basin could have had a contractional origin in front of an out-of-sequence thrust. The latest Miocene(?) to Quaternary deformation was probably related to the extensional collapse of the Carpathian accretionary wedge
Price and income elasticities of fruit demand in Poland: Evidence from Household Budget Data
Full text linkThe aim of this article is to provide an empirical analysis of fruit demand in Polish households using the QUAIDS model. Based on unit-level data from the 2022 Household Budget Survey conducted by Statistics Poland (GUS), income and price elasticities were estimated for six fruit categories: citrus fruits, bananas, apples, berries, stone fruits, and other fruits. The estimation employed the two-step procedure developed by J.S. Shonkwiler and S.T. Yen, accounting for demographic variables and the issue of zero expenditures. The results indicate high sensitivity of fruit demand to changes in both prices and income, particularly for imported fruits. The article provides recommendations for public policy aimed at supporting the domestic fruit market and promoting healthy dietary habits
Collective Memory or Collective Oblivion? The Case of Holocaust Memory In Three Polish Localities
Full text linkThe aim of this article is to show the scope and content of the memory of Jewish deportations and the Holo caust today through a study conducted in three Polish towns of varying sizes with a rich Jewish past (Kraków, Nowy Sącz, Muszyna) which I surveyed in 2023. Additionally, I wanted to identify the channels in which the memory of the Holocaust and deportations circulates in the surveyed localities. The research was conducted with representatives of three generations, so it is also important to show how age differentiates the memory of Jewish deportation and the Holocaust. Both age and the size of the locality turn out to be important in dif ferentiating the extent of this memory. Moreover, an important conclusion of the study is that the memory of those events is limited and subject to repression, at risk of falling into oblivion. Relatively speaking, most of the memory of those events is preserved in larger cities among representatives of the middle generation, which is related to the existence of material memory infrastructures there facilitating the formation of local communities of memory of Jews and the Holocaust. Based on the three focus group interviews I conducted, it can be concluded that the dominant channel of memory transfer about local Jewish history and the Holocaust is communicative memory. Conversations about Jews and the Holocaust, if they do occur, generally happen with family members or acquaintances, but relatively rarely at school. Generally, conversations are initiated by people already interested in the topic and here the role of communities of memory, such as the Sądecki Shtetl, is very important.The aim of this article is to show the scope and content of the memory of Jewish deportations and the Holo caust today through a study conducted in three Polish towns of varying sizes with a rich Jewish past (Kraków, Nowy Sącz, Muszyna) which I surveyed in 2023. Additionally, I wanted to identify the channels in which the memory of the Holocaust and deportations circulates in the surveyed localities. The research was conducted with representatives of three generations, so it is also important to show how age differentiates the memory of Jewish deportation and the Holocaust. Both age and the size of the locality turn out to be important in dif ferentiating the extent of this memory. Moreover, an important conclusion of the study is that the memory of those events is limited and subject to repression, at risk of falling into oblivion. Relatively speaking, most of the memory of those events is preserved in larger cities among representatives of the middle generation, which is related to the existence of material memory infrastructures there facilitating the formation of local communities of memory of Jews and the Holocaust. Based on the three focus group interviews I conducted, it can be concluded that the dominant channel of memory transfer about local Jewish history and the Holocaust is communicative memory. Conversations about Jews and the Holocaust, if they do occur, generally happen with family members or acquaintances, but relatively rarely at school. Generally, conversations are initiated by people already interested in the topic and here the role of communities of memory, such as the Sądecki Shtetl, is very important