EKSAKTA - Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-Journal)
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Pharmacophore Modeling, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Approach for Identification of Anti-Cancer Agents Targeting the C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) Protein
Get PDFOne of the most prevalent cancers in Indonesia is breast cancer, based on Indonesia's pathological-based registration.   Breast cancer is a complex, heterogeneous disease classified into hormone-receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 overexpressing (HER2+) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on histological features. Patients with HR+, HER2- Early Breast Cancer (EBC) do not experience recurrence or recurrence for a long time with currently available standard therapy [11]. However, up to 30% of patients with high-risk clinical and/or pathological features may experience a relapse in the first few years. This results in the need for research and development regarding updates in medicine both in terms of treatment and targets and drug compounds used. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) protein functions in signaling and influences the apoptotic pathway as well as cancer cell survival. In this study, an insilico screening experiment of inhibitory compounds was carried out on the JNK protein receptor target by screening compounds and molecular docking of compounds for breast cancer therapy.Two novel herbal compounds, Mangostin and ent-Copalyl Dyphospate, have the potential to be turned into medicines that may cause apoptosis through JNK protein targets according to an in-silico-based molecular simulation techniqu
Optimal Control with Treatment and Water Sanitation for Cholera Epidemic Model
Get PDFThis paper proposes a mathematical model for cholera using optimal control of treatment through quarantine and water sanitation. Cholera is acute diarrhoea caused by Vibrio cholera bacteria infecting the intestinal tract. The analysis related to the spread of this disease is carried out through a mathematical approach. The constructed mathematical model is demonstrated epidemiologically. The proposed optimal control is the treatment of infected individuals during the quarantine period and sanitation, namely environmental hygiene, especially water. This strategy aims to suppress the number of infected individuals and reduce the concentration of bacteria due to cholera disease. To solve the optimal control problem, we employ the 4th-order forward-backward Runge-Kutta method. Based on the simulation results, the number of individuals infected by cholera and the concentration of bacteria decreased significantly. Moreover, the proposed method can transfer infected to recovered individuals faster than an optimal control treatment
Design and Development a Smart Control System for Temperature and Turbidity of Bio Floc Fish Ponds
Get PDFBio floc aquaculture techniques are present as a solution to increase the productivity of fish farming. However, until now there are still problems, namely regarding the quality of the water from the pond. In this study, a monitoring tool was designed using an ESP32 microcontroller with the support of a BME280 sensor, RTD PT100 to measure water temperature and a turbidity sensor to measure floc volume. Furthermore, this sensor is planted on Wi-Fi to be able to connect to the internet network for IoT applications so that it can be monitored in real time. Likewise, the display results from the monitoring of the application system are directly read on the Google sheet display and in real time. From the test results of the system built, obtained the accuracy level of the BME280 sensor is 96.5%, PT100 RTD is 94.6% and for the turbidity sensor is 98%. Meanwhile the observed air temperature value can reach 34.36°C, the water temperature reaches 28.75°C, and the floc ratio reaches 30.15 mL.L-1. From the results shown, it clearly indicates that the water quality monitoring system has been successful and is working very well
The Effect of Chicken Cage Fertilizer with Dosage of Waste Shrimp on Growth and Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Get PDFTest Effect of Chicken Manure Enriched with Shrimp Waste Dosage in order to determine the effect of chicken manure enriched with shrimp waste dose on growth and production of sweet corn plants. This experiment used a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of Factor U, namely 20 tons/ha of chicken manure with several levels of shrimp waste dose, namely 0 ml of shrimp waste/l, 3 ml of shrimp waste/l, 6 ml of shrimp waste/l, 9 ml of shrimp waste/l, 12 ml of shrimp waste/l and 6 ml/l of chitosan. Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that the application of chicken manure enriched with a dose of shrimp waste was able to increase the growth and production of sweet corn plants with the best dose of chicken manure + 12 ml/l of shrimp waste
Machine Learning Classification for Detecting Heart Disease with K-NN Algorithm, Decision Tree and Random Forest
Get PDFThe heart is one of the most important organs for human; therefore, it needs to always be looked after and maintained properly. If it is not looked after and maintained properly, it will be at risk of disease. Currently, heart disease of various types still ranks first in deaths both in Indonesia and abroad. Various efforts continue to be developed by relevant scientists to detect it. Considering the importance of development efforts, in this research a machine-learning program was designing to classify heart disease as a detection system effort. In this article we will describe the analysis of the characteristics of the K-NN classifier, decision tree, random forest (accuracy, precision and recall), as well as determining the best classifier for detecting heart disease. To support the analysis of test results, Python and Google Colab programming has been implementation here. The best results obtained from the analysis of the application of these three models are the Decision Tree Classifier with accuracy, precision and recall values ​​of 90%, 87% and 88% respectively. These results indicate that this model has been successfully developing
Antioxidant Activity of Red Dragon Fruit Teabag (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peels with the Addition of Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. amarum) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, BI)
Get PDFFree radicals have very unstable and reactive molecules. Excessive free radicals can trigger oxidative stress and cause various diseases. The peel of red dragon fruit contains chemical compounds that shows potential as an antioxidants. This study aims to optimize the benefits of red dragon fruit peels as tea bags because its convenient and simple to use. Design of this study was a randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of two factors, the drying temperature of the red dragon fruit skin (T) and the teabag formulation (F). Ginger and cinnamon are added as flavoring ingredients to the formula. The result showed that the drying temperature of the peel red dragon fruit affects the antioxidant activity of the teabag, where T1 has the highest antioxidant activity. The formulation of teabags also affects the antioxidant activity of the teabag, where F1 has the highest antioxidant activity. T1F1 had the highest antioxidant activity, and the interaction between the two (T and F) had a significant effect on antioxidant activity (p < 0.05)
Effect of Nutrient Solution Temperature and Varieties on Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with Nutrient Film Technique System
Get PDFLettuce plants are cool-season leaf vegetables, if grown in areas near the city center with high temperatures can reduce the quantity and quality of the yield. The low temperature in the root zone in the hydroponic system was the solution. This experiment aimed to determine the effect of nutrient solution temperature and variety on the growth and yield of lettuce plants in the nutrient film technique (NFT) system. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments (a combination of solution temperatures 25, 16, and 10 ℃; Red and Green lettuce). The result showed no significant effect of the treatment on the number of leaves 0-20 days after planting (DAP) and root length. Nutrient solution temperature +10 ℃ gave the best response to the number of leaves (13.08 sheets), plant height (20.80 cm), root volume (18.88 mL), and fresh weight (137.08 g) of green lettuce plants
Electrolyte Optimization Study on Dry Cell Generator Electrolysis System for Producing Hydrogen Gas Using RSM Method (Response Surface Method)
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the optimum condition of hydrogen gas produced through the electrolysis process of dry cell generators using RSM progran. To produce hydrogen gas is done through the method of water electrolysis by decomposing the molecule H2O into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas with the help of direct electric current. Hydrogen gas productivity by electrolysis method applied to DC generators using 4/4 plate electodes (Cu/Al) as cathodes and NaNO3 solutions as electrolytes. The current and voltage used in this electrolysis process is 0.6 ampere and 2 volts for 1 hour. The concentration of hydrogen gas produced is determined using the MQ-8 sensor. The optimum condition of hydrogen gas concentration obtained is at NaNO 31 M concentration and 60 minutes with hydrogen concentration produced as much as 143.393 ppm. The verification result value for hydrogen gas concentration is 144 ppm, so the program's recommended solution is good enough
Isolation of Flavonoid Compounds and Anti-Cholesterol Test of Dutch Teak Leaf Extract (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.)
Get PDFDutch teak (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) is a tree originating from Latin America (Brazil and Mexico). The results of the phytochemical test showed that Dutch teak leaves positively contained flavonoids, alkaloids (Dragendorff reagent), steroids, and saponins. The purpose of this study was to characterize the flavonoid compounds and test the anti-cholesterol properties of Dutch teak leaf extract. Flavonoid characterization methods used Mg-HCl (yellow), H2SO4 (reddish orange), NaOH (yellow), KKt-2A, UV-Vis, and FT-IR reagents. Anti-cholesterol test using the Lieberman-Burchard method. The flavonoid crystals obtained were in the form of amorphous crystals of 0.1047 grams. In KKt-2A there is a change in color from yellow to greenish yellow when viewed with a UV lamp. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer has an absorption wavelength of 326 nm. The results of FT-IR analysis showed the presence of functional groups: OH, CH, C=O, C=C, and COC. Based on these data it can be concluded that the isolated flavonoids are in the form of amorphous crystals which belong to the flavone class with the name 5,7,4' - Trihydroxyflavone-6-Prenyl. The results of the cholesterol reduction test stated that Dutch teak leaves could be anti-cholesterol as seen from the absorbance value being smaller and the percentage of anti-cholesterol activity being greater
Factors Affecting the Number of Infant Morality Cases in West Java for the 2019-2020 Period using Generalized Poisson Regression (GPR)
Get PDFThe number of infant mortality cases is data in the form of counts which is modeled by Poisson regression. There is an assumption that needs to be met, namely equidispersion. Equidispersion is a condition in which the mean and variance of the variables are the same, but in practice this assumption is often not met. There are two possible events, namely overdispersion and underdispersion. The Generalized Poisson Regression (GPR) model is one solution to solve this problem. In estimating the GPR parameter, the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method is used, but the derivation of the log-likelihood function does not always produce explicit results, so the Newton-Raphson iteration method is used. Poisson regression analysis conducted on the number of infant mortality cases in West Java showed that the model had overdispersion as seen from the value of the dispersion parameter which was more than zero, so the GPR model was used. Parameter significance test was carried out on three factors, namely the poverty gap index , the percentage of low birth weight infants , and the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants  the results obtained that all factors affected the number of infant mortality cases in West Java