Universität Wien: OJS-Service
Not a member yet
7694 research outputs found
Sort by
How generic is discipline-specific research data management? An investigation using the example of the MOSAiC expedition
No full textZielsetzung – Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es zu untersuchen, inwieweit sich das disziplinspezifische, geowissenschaftliche Forschungsdatenmanagement der MOSAiC-Expedition und das generische Verständnis von Forschungsdatenmanagement aus informationswissenschaftlicher Sicht unterscheiden. Des Weiteren soll diskutiert werden, welchen Mehrwert Bibliotheken für die Unterstützung von Forschenden in den Geowissenschaften im Umgang mit ihren Forschungsdaten daraus ziehen können.
Forschungsmethoden – Eine Inhaltsanalyse generischer und disziplinspezifischer Dokumente zur FDM-Thematik, dynamischer Informationswebseiten und projektspezifischer Wikis bildeten die Forschungsgrundlage. Das Verständnis der 2019-2020 stattgefundenen MOSAiC-Expedition und deren Datenmanagementstruktur wurde verfestigt durch ein Experteninterview mit Datenmanagerinnen des Alfred-Wegener-Instituts (AWI). Im Sinne eines induktiven Verfahrens wird aus informationswissenschaftlicher Sicht das Forschungsdatenmanagement erläutert, sowie die Datenkultur in den Naturwissenschaften aufgeführt und die Datenstruktur der MOSAiC-Expedition explizit dargestellt, um anschließend anhand des Untersuchungsbeispiels die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten.
Ergebnisse – Der kommunikative Austausch ist sowohl Herausforderung als auch Chance für den Aufbau von disziplinspezifischem Forschungsdatenmanagement und somit explizite Unterstützungsservices für Forschende. Es gilt die drei Perspektiven (a) Institution, (b) Forschende und (c) informationswissenschaftliche Entwicklungsmodelle zu berücksichtigen.
Schlussfolgerungen – Forschungsdatenmanagement ist auch im Bereich einzelner Disziplinen grundlegend generisch und sollte unter Beachtung von Disziplinspezifika ausgebaut bzw. die Infrastruktur nach diesen ausgerichtet werden. Dies sichert die Datenqualität und eine FAIRe Datennutzung.Objective – This article focuses on discipline-specific research data management (RDM) using the example of the international MOSAiC expedition. The aim is to show the differences between the discipline-specific research data management of MOSAiC and the generic research data management from the perspective of information scientists. Furthermore, it should be discussed how this knowledge can help libraries to support their researchers in geosciences in dealing with their research data.
Methods – The investigation follows an inductive approach and has been built on a content analysis of documents about generic and discipline-specific RDM, dynamic information websites and project-specific Wikis. The understanding of the MOSAiC expedition that took place in 2019-2020 and its data management structure was consolidated through an expert interview with data managers from the Alfred-Wegener-Institut (AWI). This article is structured as follows: In the beginning research data management gets explained from an information science perspective, then the data culture in the natural sciences is listed and the data structure of the MOSAiC expedition is explicitly presented in order to answer the research question on the basis of the expedition example.
Results – Communication is both a challenge and an opportunity in the process of setting up a discipline-specific research data management and their explicit support services for researchers. The three perspectives on RDM: (a) institution, (b) researcher and (c) developments and models in information science, should be considered.
Conclusions – Even in individual disciplines RDM is fundamentally generic and should be expanded taking into account the discipline-specific characteristics to secure data quality and FAIR data reuse
Women, convents and divorce in early modern Spain
Get PDFThere are archival records of women in the Golden Age seeking divorce from their husbands while living in a convent, which may seem unusual today.
So I am interested in exploring why a woman in the early modern period would enter a convent and seek a divorce from there. I present identities, different examples and motivations that help to understand this dynamic
Frau Holliger könne Hebamme sein, aber soll von Doktor Häggy nichts lernen: Als das Fricktal seine Hebammen in die Schule schicken sollte
Get PDFAt birth, life and death are sometimes close together: a new life is about to enter our world. At the same time, the mother\u27s life is sometimes in danger. From the 18th century onwards, the enlightened absolutist states, including the Habsburg monarchy, made it their explicit aim to better protect mothers and children. In the course of an all-encompassing health reform in 1770, obstetrics was to be improved throughout the empire. But what does improved mean? For the enlightened absolutist thinkers in Vienna, this meant, among other things, placing the training of midwives in the hands of doctors. They had promised the authorities that having the midwives trained by physicians would reduce tragic deaths. A promise that the Habsburg monarchy, which was dependent on a healthy population, was happy to accept.
In many rural areas, however, these measures were not at all well received. This was also the case in the Further Austrian Fricktal, an area far away from Vienna. But why did the population resist proposals that seemed so plausible in Vienna, and wit what success did the rural population stand up against the unpopular reform of midwifery training
Patadas de Pepachu: Un testimonio de vínculo prenatal entre padre e hija
Get PDFA father in 18th century Bilbao recalls the joy he felt when first feeling his daughter’s movements in the maternal womb. Emotional involvement with an unborn baby, it seems, existed long before it became part of modern Western family life
數字塑造認同: 穆斯林人口統計與近代中國回族
No full textIslam and Muslims have been in China for over a millennium; however, it was during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that their demographic situation came under various kinds of scrutiny. Previous scholarship has focused on the reconstruction of “correct” statistics of the Muslim population in modern China. This paper, inspired by the sociology of quantification, aims at an investigation into the “making” and “doing” of Muslim population numbers in late-Qing and Republican China. It presents case studies regarding how the Muslim demographic numbers were produced, in which socio-political contexts they emerged, and what purposes and meanings they imply for those who produced them. The article will focus on the relations between the Muslim population numbers and the identity construction of the Hui Muslims in the context of China’s transition into a modern nation-state. Particular attention will be given to the production and circulation of the number of 50 million.
伊斯蘭教及穆斯林在中國的歷史淵源可追溯至千年以上，然而，直至19世紀末20世紀初，穆斯林人口狀況才開始受到各方關注並得以系統研究。既往研究多聚焦於重構中國近現代史中穆斯林人口的“正確”統計數據。本文則從計量社會學（sociology of quantification）的理論出發，探討清末與民國時期穆斯林人口數據的“建構”與“運作”機制。通過案例研究，本文分析穆斯林人口數據的生成過程、其背後的社會歷史背景，以及這些數據對其生產者的實際意義與功能。本研究特別關注穆斯林人口數據與回族穆斯林身份建構之間的關係，並將其置於中國傳統社會向現代民族國家轉型的宏觀歷史背景中加以考察。此外，本文著重討論了“五千萬”這一關鍵數字的形成及其社會傳播機制。伊斯蘭教及穆斯林在中國的歷史淵源可追溯至千年以上，然而，直至19世紀末20世紀初，穆斯林人口狀況才開始受到各方關注並得以系統研究。既往研究多聚焦於重構中國近現代史中穆斯林人口的“正確”統計數據。本文則從計量社會學（sociology of quantification）的理論出發，探討清末與民國時期穆斯林人口數據的“建構”與“運作”機制。通過案例研究，本文分析穆斯林人口數據的生成過程、其背後的社會歷史背景，以及這些數據對其生產者的實際意義與功能。本研究特別關注穆斯林人口數據與回族穆斯林身份建構之間的關係，並將其置於中國傳統社會向現代民族國家轉型的宏觀歷史背景中加以考察。此外，本文著重討論了“五千萬”這一關鍵數字的形成及其社會傳播機制
書籍與知識的傳遞者: 桀溺與科萊特·帕特向史特拉斯堡國立學術圖書館遺贈藏書
No full textIn 2015, a collection of books on Asia, and China more specifically, was donated to the Bibliothèque Nationale et Universitaire de Strasbourg in France. The donors were Jean-Pierre and Colette Diény. The collection is very large, it reflects some of the characteristics of the two sinologists’ research, and it opens up new possibilities for education and research in the field of sinology.
2015年，法國史特拉斯堡國立學術圖書館獲贈一批關於亞洲，尤其是中國研究的重要書籍。這批藏書由桀溺（Jean-Pierre Diény）和科萊特．帕特（Colette Diény）夫婦捐贈，規模宏大，不僅體現了兩位漢學家在學術研究中的獨特視角，還為亞爾薩斯的漢學教育與研究開闢了新的領域。2015年，法國史特拉斯堡國立學術圖書館獲贈一批關於亞洲，尤其是中國研究的重要書籍。這批藏書由桀溺（Jean-Pierre Diény）和科萊特．帕特（Colette Diény）夫婦捐贈，規模宏大，不僅體現了兩位漢學家在學術研究中的獨特視角，還為亞爾薩斯的漢學教育與研究開闢了新的領域
New Greek Inscriptions from Philae
No full textEdition of four recently discovered Greek inscriptions from Philae, presumably all dating to the Graeco-Roman period and two of them with pairs of feet, that were missed in the authoritative edition, I.Philae I–II. Particular attention is paid to the location and context of the inscriptions, and what the new texts contribute in terms of the accessibility, whether to priests or visitors, of the areas where they were found, the bridge of the First Pylon and the roof of the Birthhouse. In the Appendix, we improve the reading of I.Philae II 284, from the staircase in the east tower of the Second Pylon.Edition of four recently discovered Greek inscriptions from Philae, presumably all dating to the Graeco-Roman period and two of them with pairs of feet, that were missed in the authoritative edition, I.Philae I–II. Particular attention is paid to the location and context of the inscriptions, and what the new texts contribute in terms of the accessibility, whether to priests or visitors, of the areas where they were found, the bridge of the First Pylon and the roof of the Birthhouse. In the Appendix, we improve the reading of I.Philae II 284, from the staircase in the east tower of the Second Pylon
Norms of Behavior and Emotions in the Discourse Structure
No full textThere are many ways in which a speaker might convey offensive or derogatory social norms of how it is permissible or required to behave or feel. Some argue that speakers thereby include derogatory or offensive content into the conversational context, and appeal to the influential pragmatic frameworks by Stalnaker and Lewis for how to model the structure of this context. However, since these theories are primarily designed to model mutual belief, they seem ill-equipped to accommodate the action-guiding or affective dimensions of derogatory speech. The challenge is to show how these frameworks can be expanded in a way that enables them to explain the way derogatory and offensive language presupposes norms accepted among interlocutors about what actions or attitudes are appropriate. In the first part of this paper, I propose an account that meets this challenge by offering a theory of how the shared conversational background can be updated to include norms of mistreatment that are represented as items on to-do lists (inspired by Portner’s work on the pragmatics of imperatives). In the second part of the paper, I consider whether we should also say that the conversational context includes emotions. I argue that there are ways to accommodate the impact of emotions without assuming that there is a distinct section within the context that represents mutually accepted emotions.
Zwischen Bühne und Bildung: Ein bildungswissenschaftlicher Blick auf die “Wiener Prozesse” der Wiener Festwochen 2024.
Get PDFDie Wiener Festwochen 2024 boten mit den von Milo Rau inszenierten „Wiener Prozessen" ein innovatives und kontrovers diskutiertes Format, das gesellschaftliche Konflikte durch theatralische Gerichtsszenen verhandelte. Die Schauprozesse adressierten polarisierende Themen wie Demokratie, Solidarität und Aktivismus und vereinten reale Zeug:innen, Expert:innen und ein symbolisches Volksgericht, um neue Perspektiven auf politische und soziale Fragen zu eröffnen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die pädagogische Relevanz dieses Formats aus bildungswissenschaftlicher Sicht. Mit Jacques Derridas Dekonstruktion als theoretischem Rahmen wird argumentiert, dass die „Wiener Prozesse" durch die Verbindung von künstlerischer Ästhetik und gesellschaftlicher Reflexion eine transformative Lernumgebung schaffen. Dabei werden Denk- und Diskursmuster hinterfragt, Ambivalenzen offengelegt und alternative Interpretationen ermöglicht. Die Analyse zeigt, dass dieses Format nicht nur Bildungsaspekte wie historisches Bewusstsein und moralische Sensibilität stärkt, sondern auch demokratische Partizipation und kritisches Urteilsvermögen fördert. In der Verbindung von Kunst, Bildung und Wissenschaft eröffnet sich ein Experimentierfeld, das über die Bühne hinausreicht und auf die Entwicklung einer aktiven, mündigen und reflektierenden Zivilgesellschaft abzielt