Mejiro University Repository / 目白大学リポジトリ
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Supporting siblings of children with chronic illness and disabilities collaborate with Schools and Support group in the United Kingdom
Get PDFpdfIt has been pointed out that siblings of children with chronic illness or disability have an impact on their school life as a result of the influence of said siblings. However, the current situation is that in Japanese schools, emergency intervention is carried out when problems such as physical and mental issues and refusal to attend school become complicated. Therefore, we conducted a survey in the United Kingdom, which is pioneering support for siblings in collaboration with schools, and examined the development of support for siblings in Japanese schools. In the United Kingdom, from the perspective of protecting the rights of children, assessments based on the law and individualized support were practiced in consideration of the position and feelings of siblings. In addition, the functions and roles of schools and support organizations, and the effects of supporting siblings were clearly shown to schools and faculty members. In order to connect to the information and support needed by siblings, future issues that are necessary to consider are the enlightenment of school staff, provision of information, construction of a support system in the community, and consideration of the feelings of siblings and their families.departmental bulletin pape
Antimicrobial factor secretion in the rat submandibular gland induced by aroma inhalation
Get PDFpdfI studied the influence of sympathetic nerve stimulation and aroma inhalation on both SIgA and lactoferrin secretion in the rat submandibular gland. I found no spontaneous secretion from the submandibular gland in the control rats. Although the flow of the saliva evoked by black pepper and cardamom was very small in volume, a marked saliva secretion was found evoked when isoprenaline stimulation was combined with black pepper or cardamom inhalation. Significant secretion of SIgA and lactoferrin was not obtained with black pepper or cardamon inhalation alone. However, there was considerable secretion of SIgA and lactoferrin induced when isoprenaline stimulation was combined with black pepper inhalation. The salivary amylase activity induced by aroma inhalation was approximately 10% that of isoprenaline stimulation alone. Combined use of the two enhanced salivary amylase activity compared with stimulation by isoprenaline alone. Their combined use had a synergistic effect.
These results suggest that the use of aroma inhalation enhances salivary antibacterial activity, and that this activity may be induced by the sympathetic nervous system. In addition, aroma inhalation imparts a greater effect on SIgA and lactoferrin secretion than does solitary sympathetic stimulation alone. We hypothesized that aroma inhalation might positively influence the intraoral environment.departmental bulletin pape
Judgment Process That Leads Instruction Behaviors of a Teacher in Nursing Classes
Get PDFpdf《目的》看護学の授業において、教員は学習者の反応をどのように捉えてどのように判断し、どのような教授行動をとっているのかを明らかにする。
《方法》看護学授業90分間の観察及び授業後の教員へのインタビュー
《結果・考察》教授行動に至る判断過程が111抽出され、教員が意識した判断過程は3つ、教員の判断過程の連なりとしての場面は23であった。1つの場面に複数の判断過程が存在した。教員は学生の反応が想定内か否かを判断し、指導目標や授業観に照らし合わせ計画を変更するかどうか決定し、決定した教授行動をとる、という判断過程をたどっていた。
《結論》経験知が教員の授業観を形成する一つの要因になっており、授業観が、授業の実践の中での判断過程に影響することが示唆された。departmental bulletin pape
Consideration in Interactive lessons Utilizing the WEB Conference System
Get PDFpdf新型コロナウィルスの感染拡大のために、WEB会議システムを活用した対話型授業（以下WEB上での対話と記す）を実施した。対話とは本来対面で実施すべきものであり、WEB上の対話には難しさがある。しかし、これから遠隔授業を実施する機会が増えることが予想され、WEB上での対話に関して、課題だけでなく、その可能性についても明らかにする必要がある。
今回、Zoomのブレークアウトルームを活用することによって、対話を用いた授業を十分に実施することができることが分かった。WEB上の対話では、学生は戸惑いを感じながらも、対話を深めることができる。一方、心情面の深い理解をすることには難しさが伴い、協働的な作業が加わる活動には不向きである。また、WEB上で発表する際には、対面で発表するより緊張しないと感じる学生が多く、特に、対話を得意としない、あまり得意としない学生に緊張感が緩和されることが分かった。今後、WEB上での対話を活用した授業を実施する際には、こういった特徴や学生の特性を理解した上で実施する必要があると考えらえる。departmental bulletin pape
Development of the map for disaster prevention around the Shinjuku Campus of Mejiro University using WebGIS
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Survey design using prior online questionnaires
Get PDFpdf近年、インターネットの普及にともない利便性の高いオンラインアンケート調査を容易に利用できる時代となった。本研究では、事前オンラインアンケートを踏まえて質の高い調査を設計するための方法論とその適用事例を示した。
調査法の教育における適用事例では、はじめに調査の準備として4つの図：概念図、特性要因図、パス図、および解析模型図の説明を行った。次に、受講生自身が受講前に回答したオンラインアンケート調査データを用いて、選抜型多群主成分回帰分析による解析方法をナビゲーションマニュアル付きで解説した。その後、最初に準備した4つの図の改善や調査票のレベルアップ、改善前後の調査結果を比較し、考察を行った。
これらのことから、利便性の高いオンラインアンケート調査を計画的に活用することで、質の高い調査設計につながることを示した。さらに調査法の教育において、この方法論の活用が有効となり得る可能性が示唆された。今後の課題は、質の高い調査の設計につながる方法論の改善とその実践教育の効果検証である。In recent years, with the spread of the Internet, it has become possible to use highly convenient online questionnaire surveys. In this study, we presented a methodology for designing high-quality surveys based on prior online questionnaires and their application case studies.
In the case studies of survey method education, we first explained four diagrams: conceptual diagram, characteristic factor diagram, path diagram, and analysis model diagram as preparation for the survey. Next, using the online questionnaire survey data that the students themselves answered before attending the lecture, the analysis method by selective multi-group principal component regression analysis was explained with a navigation manual. Subsequently, improvement of the first four diagrams and survey form was realized and comparison of the survey results before and after the improvement was performed.
Thus, it was shown that it is possible to improve the quality of the survey design by systematically using the convenient online questionnaire survey. Furthermore, the results suggest that the use of this methodology could be effective in the education of survey methods. Future tasks are to improve the methodology that leads to the design of highquality surveys and to verify the effectiveness of using said method in education.departmental bulletin pape
The study of the present state and issues to support students who have mental health needs─Interviews of pioneering university support offices for students with disabilities─
Get PDFpdfWith the enforcement of the Disability Discrimination Act in 2016, the number of students with disabilities has increased rapidly. Although many universities are in the process of creating academic support systems for them、 the support systems for students with mental health problems have not made much progress.
We interviewed several university support centers’ staffs who work at the base schools of Network for Academic Support for Students with Physical and Mental Health challenges. This article examines the needs and required supports for those students who have mental health issues from the content of the interviews.
Students with mental health needs applied for reasonable accommodation often encouraged by counselors, then staffs at support centers communicate well with them and understand the unique needs of individuals and coordinate to meet those needs without too much burdens for teachers and staffs. In addition, in order to promote understanding and improve responsiveness for students with special needs within the university, staffs of support centers explain and distribute guidebooks about support for students who have special needs at Faculty Development workshops or workshops for new employees.
It would be the future task to secure the required number of dedicated staffs who works for support centers since more students who have mental health issues are enrolling in universities and to promote the understanding for university staffs the importance of creating a friendly environment for those students challenged to learn and to spend their university life. Although, it is very important that students who have mental health needs go to mental health clinic or get professional help, it would be also more important that universities create a flexible educational system based on diversity and understanding of mental illness.departmental bulletin pape
Perspectives on DIY Studies─Research trends in the West and possibilities of the studies in Japan─
Get PDFpdfDIY (Do It Yourself) is a widely practiced activity, especially in the western industrialized countries. A number of studies have been conducted on the DIY activity in terms of sociology, economics, housing studies, design studies and media studies in the West. In Japan, however, little academic attention has been paid to DIY activity although the country has 10 million DIY participants and it is popular as a typical hobby for male. In order to discuss characteristics of DIY activity in Japan and expand the possibilities of DIY studies in the country, this paper ,as the first step, reviews previous researches written in English and classifies them into five categories: history, typology and motivation, gender, media and globalization.departmental bulletin pape