JLIS.it (Italian Journal of Library, Archives, and Information Science / Rivista italiana di biblioteconomia, archivistica e scienza dell'informazione)
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Gli archivi privati in biblioteca. Tipologie, acquisizione, trattamento e descrizione
Full text linkLibraries, especially since the nineteenth century, have included real private documents and archives among their special collections. The typologies are analyzed, also focusing on author libraries, where books, as they are often rich in manuscript interventions by the owners, take on the archival value. We also dwell on the often improper descriptive treatment that this material has undergone in libraries.Le biblioteche, soprattutto a partire dal XIX secolo, hanno accolto, tra le loro collezioni speciali, documenti e archivi privati veri e propri. Se ne analizzano le tipologie, soffermandosi anche sulle biblioteche d’autore, dove i libri, in quanto spesso ricchi di interventi manoscritti da parte dei titolari, assumono il valore archiviale. Ci si sofferma pure sul trattamento descrittivo, spesso improprio, che tale materiale ha subito nelle biblioteche
The Open Access Book and the evolution of the OA
Full text linkThe Open Access Book (OAB) is a product of the research that in recent years has gained its place in scientific publishing and Open Access (OA). Both have gone from initial diffidence (for different reasons) to a growing interest. In the first part of the article we present the most recent data relating to this type of publication (published ebooks, number of publishers, etc.) while in the second part the OAB phenomenon is examined within a more general evolution of the OA.La monografia ad accesso aperto (Open Access book, OAB) è un prodotto della ricerca che negli ultimi anni si è conquistato uno spazio nell'editoria scientifica e nell'Open Access (OA). In entrambi gli ambiti si è passati da un'iniziale diffidenza (per motivi diversi) a un crescente interesse. Il presente contributo prende in esame i più recenti sviluppi riguardanti le monografie ad accesso aperto (volumi pubblicati, numero degli editori, istituzioni e associazioni coinvolte) e propone una lettura del fenomeno OAB all'interno di una più generale evoluzione dell'OA
Who is interacting with researchers on Twitter? A survey in the field of Information Science
Full text linkThe social web appears a promising environment to study the societal impact of research, and, although platforms such as Twitter appear to be popular to share scientific content, little is known about the outreach of scientific communication on social media. By surveying a sample of Twitter users who are also followers of communication and Library and Information Science (LIS) researchers, this article aims to understand who is interacting with researchers on Twitter and if the activity of following allows to get closer to science and research. A survey was sent to all followers of 9 active researchers, and 53 responses were collected and analyzed. According to the results, followers are mostly professionals (49%) although the higher education sector (36%) accounts for an important part of the audience. Twitter allows respondents to keep updated, feel as a part of the scientific community and gain more visibility, whereas interactions appear as an important though secondary facet of these users’ activity on Twitter. Finally, participants consider that they do not have influence on the scientific process, maybe because the flow of information on Twitter occurs mostly as retweeting in an unidirectional fashion. More research is needed in order to understand better interactions and engagement on social media before they can be quantified and measured as indicators of societal impact of research
What were librarians doing while Otlet was inventing documentation? The modernization and professionalization of librarianship during the Belle Époque
Full text linkIn the historiography of librarianship and information work, the development of librarianship during the Belle Époque (1871-1914) has been somewhat overshadowed by the heroic and ultimately unsuccessful projects of Otlet, the Royal Society, and others to bring about bibliographic control of the world’s scholarly literature. In this article, an attempt is made to determine the issues which preoccupied an emerging Anglo-American library profession during this period. It is based on evidence provided by a selection of British and American documents and events from the 1850s onwards which were influential at that time, including Britain’s Public Libraries Act of 1850; the first world’s fairs in the early 1850s; Edward Edward’s Free town libraries of 1869; the formative events surrounding the 1876 United States Centennial Exposition; Melvil Dewey’s School of Library Economy (established 1887); and James Duff Brown’s Manual of library economy of 1903. Librarians’ concerns at the turn of the twentieth century are discussed in relation to societal trends affecting the modernization and professionalization of librarianship
International Research Conference “What happened in the library? Cosa è successo in biblioteca? Readers and libraries from historical investigations to current issues. Lettori e biblioteche tra indagine storica e problemi attuali” (Sapienza University of Rome, 27-28th September 2018)
Full text linkSi presenta il report del seminario internazionale di ricerca in storia delle biblioteche tenutosi presso La Sapienza Università di Roma il 27 e 28 settembre 2018, dal titolo “What happened in the library? Cosa è successo in biblioteca? Readers and libraries from historical investigations to current issues. Lettori e biblioteche tra indagine storica e problemi attuali”, coordinato dal Dottorato di ricerca in scienze documentarie, linguistiche e letterarie dell’ateneo.Due le sessioni della prima giornata: una sessione mattutina dedicata a Biblioteche, lettori, storia, attualità: orizzonti aperti, una sessione pomeridiana intitolata Le biblioteche pubbliche oggi tra irrilevanza, conflittualità e consumismo. La seconda giornata si è aperta con la sessione Domande, risposte e nuove domande della ricerca storica sull’uso delle biblioteche; l’ultima sessione ha riguardato Luoghi della lettura collettiva e cultura del Novecento: ricerche per una mappa.Lo scopo del seminario, mediante le ricerche originali presentate e i confronti internazionali sull’uso e la frequentazione delle biblioteche, è stato quello di analizzare, con una prospettiva storica, il ruolo sociale delle biblioteche, in particolare delle biblioteche pubbliche, e la loro importanza nella crescita culturale e personale degli utenti.The paper is the report of the International Research Conference about Library history held in The Sapienza University of Rome on September 27th and 28th 2018 “What happened in the library? Cosa è successo in biblioteca? Readers and libraries from historical investigations to current issues. Lettori e biblioteche tra indagine storica e problemi attuali”, coordinated by Ph. D in documentary, linguistic and literary sciences.On the first day, two sessions took place: a morning session titled Biblioteche, lettori, storia, attualità: orizzonti aperti and an afternoon session titled Le biblioteche pubbliche oggi tra irrilevanza, conflittualità e consumerismo. The first session of the second day was about Domande, risposte e nuove domande della ricerca storica sull’uso delle biblioteche, the last concerning Luoghi della lettura collettiva e cultura del Novecento: ricerche per una mappa.The aim of the international conference, bringing as witnesses original researches and international comparisons about use and attendance of libraries, was to analyze, with a historical perspective, the importance of libraries, especially public libraries, in cultural and personal growth of users and their social role
Roles and Proficiency of Systems Librarians as Managers of Library Systems in Academic Libraries in Nigeria
Full text linkThe study explores the roles and proficiency of the systems librarian as manager of library systems in academic libraries in Nigeria. Specifically, the forms of training, level of proficiency in requisite ICT skills as well as the ability to perform the roles of systems librarians by librarians in the systems department of academic libraries in some universities in Nigeria were examined. The results revealed that most systems librarians in Nigeria acquire their training through self studies, colleagues and on the job and that their proficiency both in the requisite ICT skills and their ability to perform their specialized roles is low. The study demonstrated that the low proficiency in the requisite ICT skills possessed by the respondents accounted proportionately for their poor proficiency in performing their roles as systems librarians. The study re-echoes the need for urgent overhauling of LIS school curriculum to include more contents on systems librarianship
The role of heirs in the transmission of the archive
Full text linkL’intervento intende proporre una riflessione sul ruolo ricoperto dall’erede nella trasmissione della memoria del soggetto produttore ai posteri. Tra chi raccoglie e costruisce la memoria del produttore mettendo in salvo le carte, sebbene poi possa intervenire con il proprio punto di vista, chi dona in più tempi, chi riordina, chi seleziona e omette dei documenti, l’erede concorre a restituire una determinata narrazione, un preciso ritratto del defunto. Le considerazioni e gli esempi proposti sono tratti da archivi di letterati.This contribution proposes a consideration on the role played by the heir in transmitting the memory of the creator to posterity. Among those who collect and construct the memory of the creator by saving the documents, although they can then partecipate with their own point of view, those who donate more then once, those who arrange, those who select and omit documents, the heir contributes to return a specific narration, a precise portrait of the deceased. The proposed considerations and examples are taken from literary archives
Etica e catalogazione
Full text linkL’articolo offre una panoramica delle questioni etiche relative alla catalogazione. Dopo una breve introduzione generale sugli aspetti etici in ambito bibliotecario l’articolo prosegue analizzando due principali filoni, quello dell’accesso, soprattutto per quanto riguarda gli accessi di tipo semantico, e quello dei dati, partendo dalla considerazione che gli aspetti etici non sono estranei alle modalità con cui i catalogatori predispongono i metadati necessari per favorire gli utenti. L’articolo infine presenta una analisi delle proposte emerse sulla redazione di un codice etico specifico di ambito catalografico.The paper offers an overview of ethical issues about cataloguing. After a general introduction about the topic in library science, the paper analyses two principal issues: access to information, in particular about semantic access, and data. Ethical issues are a part of the cataloguing process and affect the way cataloguers create metadata for the users. The last part of the paper presents an analysis of the proposal for a specific code of ethics for cataloguers
La conservazione digitale in Italia. Riflessioni su modelli, criteri e soluzioni
Full text linkThe Italian law of digital preservation has determined, from 2014 to current, the start-up of more of 70 companies, named “conservatori accreditati”, to provide high quality digital preservation services to public and private organizations.The particularity of Italian strategy is that two institutions, the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities (MiBAC) and the Agency of Digital Italy (AgID), are defining methods, procedures and technical rules to archives preservation and digital records preservation without any evident coordination.The article aims to analyse the critical issues in current context to contribute to the harmonization of Italian rules for creating and preserving hybrid archives.In tema di conservazione dei documenti informatici l’Italia ha emanato un complesso di norme che ha determinato in pochi anni, dal 2014 ad oggi, la nascita di oltre 70 organizzazioni che erogano servizi del livello qualitativo più elevato, denominati “conservatori accreditati”, e spinto le pubbliche amministrazioni e le imprese ad attuare processi conservativi digitali conformi a modelli e regole definite dall’Agenzia per l’Italia Digitale (AgID).La particolarità della situazione italiana è la dicotomia che sembra essersi creata tra le procedure previste per la tutela e la valorizzazione degli archivi, che fanno capo alle strutture del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali (MiBAC), e il processo conservativo dei documenti informatici che invece compete all’AgID.L’articolo rileva le principali criticità presenti nel contesto attuale e delinea qualche possibile soluzione con l’obiettivo di contribuire all’armonizzazione e all’integrazione delle disposizioni sulla tenuta e valorizzazione degli archivi ibridi
No full textThe aim of this study is to explore the role that accounting systems effectively played in managing the internal relationships among the various administrative bodies of the Comune (City State) of Siena in the 14th century. This period was characterized by an ever increasing need to monitor economic activities, a need perceived by the Comune with regard to all those who were entrusted with the management of public funds. In particular, in 1358 an office was created specifically to review the accounts of the camarlenghi (who were in charge of the management of public funds) nominated by the Comune of Siena. The office was originally staffed by three temporary Riveditori (auditors) and later by a permanent commission of Regolatori (regulators). On the basis of archival sources, so abundant on 14th century Siena, this paper analyses the changing relationships among the various administrative bodies of the Comune, in particular detail the Gabella generale and the Biccherna (which were the offices in charge of managing the main cash inflows and outflows pertaining to the administration of the Comune) and the activities of the Regolatori. By interpreting accounting systems as a set of rules (i.e., the formalised statements of procedures), roles (the network of social positions), and routines (the practices habitually in use), the present study shows that, since the Middle Ages, accounting has played a central role in the management of internal interdependencies and in the construction of organisational order. In the case of the Comune in the 14th century, accounting practices were capable of regulating, legitimising and balancing relations of power, dependency and autonomy among the different bodies of the same organisation.The aim of this study is to explore the role that accounting systems effectively played in managing the internal relationships among the various administrative bodies of the Comune (City State) of Siena in the 14th century. This period was characterized by an ever increasing need to monitor economic activities, a need perceived by the Comune with regard to all those who were entrusted with the management of public funds. In particular, in 1358 an office was created specifically to review the accounts of the camarlenghi (who were in charge of the management of public funds) nominated by the Comune of Siena. The office was originally staffed by three temporary Riveditori (auditors) and later by a permanent commission of Regolatori (regulators). On the basis of archival sources, so abundant on 14th century Siena, this paper analyses the changing relationships among the various administrative bodies of the Comune, in particular detail the Gabella generale and the Biccherna (which were the offices in charge of managing the main cash inflows and outflows pertaining to the administration of the Comune) and the activities of the Regolatori. By interpreting accounting systems as a set of rules (i.e., the formalised statements of procedures), roles (the network of social positions), and routines (the practices habitually in use), the present study shows that, since the Middle Ages, accounting has played a central role in the management of internal interdependencies and in the construction of organisational order. In the case of the Comune in the 14th century, accounting practices were capable of regulating, legitimising and balancing relations of power, dependency and autonomy among the different bodies of the same organisation