JLIS.it (Italian Journal of Library, Archives, and Information Science / Rivista italiana di biblioteconomia, archivistica e scienza dell'informazione)
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Gli archivi delle amministrazioni pubbliche: stato dell’arte della gestione documentale e dei sistemi di classificazione
Full text linkThe contribution is aimed at presenting the state of art related to the records management in the public sector and, more specifically, to the main tools required for managing current records according to the Direction general for Archives and its specific competencies which imply a role for defining and approving classification and preservation plans. The article analyses various projects developed for the public sectors in the last 25 years in connection with the innovation processes for the public administration and the crucial role recognised to the records management. The paper illustrates the work done by working groups for universities, municipalities, regions and provinces but also for health environment, chambers of trade, banks and educational institutions. With reference to the State institutions, a general picture is presented for ministries such as Ministry of Justice and Ministry for cultural heritage. In the last case, the classification system developed and adopted in 2004 in connection with the electronic registry system is discussed in detail. The paper presents also the project supported by the Agenzia dell’Italia digitale (AGID) dedicated to the definition of a common classification plan for administrative functions in the public sector. Even if not complete the picture is able to provide elements to evaluate the tools and their critical aspects, to stress the need for cooperation, to update the present systems and study general methodologies. The contribution is also dedicated to the role of professionals with specific experience in the records management systems for the public sector.Il contributo intende presentare una panoramica sull’attuale situazione della gestione documentale delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni e in particolare degli strumenti di organizzazione degli archivi correnti, vista dalla prospettiva della Direzione generale archivi, in ragione delle sue competenze istituzionali, che prevedono uno specifico ruolo nell’elaborazione e nell’approvazione dei piani di classificazione e conservazione. Al fine di delineare un quadro d’insieme, si procede ad una rassegna dei vari progetti realizzati nei vari settori degli archivi statali e pubblici non statali a partire dalla fine degli anni ’90, in concomitanza quindi con il processo di riforma della Pubblica Amministrazione, nell’ambito del quale al sistema archivistico viene riconosciuto un ruolo di primo piano per l’attività stessa dell’ufficio. Per il settore degli archivi non statali si considera il lavoro dei numerosi gruppi di lavoro interistituzionali che hanno operato in questo ambito, dal progetto Titulus per gli archivi universitari, al lavoro condotto per gli enti pubblici territoriali (Comuni, Province, Regione), alle attività svolte per le aziende sanitarie, le camere di commercio, gli istituti bancari e scolastici. Per quanto riguarda gli uffici statali si procede ad un quadro riepilogativo dei vari dicasteri, con particolare attenzione alle esperienze più recenti, tra cui quella del gruppo di lavoro per gli archivi giudiziari. Un particolare approfondimento viene dedicato al caso del Mibact e al titolario attualmente in uso, predisposto ed adottato nel 2004 con l’introduzione del sistema di protocollo informatico, la sua evoluzione e le sue criticità, sino all’attuale esigenza di intervenire per una completa revisione e aggiornamento del titolario, al fine di adeguarlo sia alla nuova organizzazione e alle mutate competenze, sia al nuovo sistema di gestione documentale del Ministero. Nell’ottica della previsione di modelli potenzialmente condivisibili da parte delle PPAA viene illustrato il progetto promosso da AGID per la redazione di un modello unitario riferito alle voci delle attività strumentali e di supporto, presenti in tutti i titolari accanto a quelle specifiche delle attività istituzionali. Da questa rassegna, che non pretende certo di essere esaustiva, ma di offrire un quadro dell’attività realizzata nei diversi settori in un lasso di tempo di oltre 15 anni, si traggono infine alcune considerazioni finali sulle caratteristiche dei titolari di nuova generazione e sulle loro criticità, evidenziando l’esigenza di un coordinamento complessivo, che possa fungere da punto di riferimento per la predisposizione di nuovi strumenti e l’aggiornamento di quelli già esistenti, e in generale per lo studio e l’analisi dei problemi connessi a tali temi. Sempre alla luce delle esperienze illustrate, viene sottolineata l’importanza e il ruolo delle risorse umane impegnate e coinvolte, a vario livello, nelle attività connesse alla gestione documentale delle PPAA
Considerations on the history of public libraries in France and USA
Full text linkThe article traces the origins of the development of public libraries in the United States and in France between the mid-nineteenth century and World War II, highlighting the influence of professional associations in both countries. The article tries to answer the question of whether or not American libraries are a model for French libraries, an opinion widely held by researchers in the field by focusing on the public library movement in the United States and on the history of the "bibliothèques municipales" and "bibliothèques populaires"in France.L'article analyse les raisons pour lesquelles les bibliothèques américaines sont un modèle pour l'Europe depuis un siècle. Il retrace les origines du développement des bibliothèques publiques aux États-Unis et analyse les points de contact entre les États-Unis et la France tout au long du XXe siècle jusqu'à l'ère numérique, en soulignant l'influence des associations professionnelles des bibliothécaires avec le cadre législatif aux États-Unis et en France. Enfin, il essaie d'analyser les défis de la bibliothèque face au numérique et quels en seront les enjeux pour l'avenir.
Classificazione e browsing interdisciplinare del catalogo: un'esperienza all'Università di Pavia
Full text linkThe gradual adoption by the University of Pavia libraries of the classified shelving based on the Dewey Decimal Classification is presented. This has allowed developing the browsing interface SciGator, which offers the possibility to browse through the subjects in the libraries and launch searches in the OPAC catalogue for documents shelved by their corresponding DDC classes or their local equivalents. SciGator also allows searching for documents indexed with their respective class or with a class linked to it in the network of class cross-references. The convenience and possible improvements of SciGator are discussed.Viene presentata la progressiva adozione nelle biblioteche dell'Università di Pavia della collocazione classificata basata sulla Classificazione decimale Dewey. Questa ha permesso lo sviluppo dell'interfaccia di browsing SciGator, che consente di navigare tra le materie presenti nelle biblioteche e lanciare ricerche nel catalogo OPAC per i documenti collocati con le corrispondenti classi CDD o loro equivalenti locali, oppure indicizzati con la corrispondente classe o con una classe ad essa collegata nel reticolo di rinvii fra classi. Vengono discussi i vantaggi e i possibili miglioramenti di SciGator
Improvement of editorial quality of journals indexed in DOAJ: a data analysis
Full text linkIn 2013, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) expanded and updated its inclusion criteria and its journal evaluation process, ultimately removing a large number of journals that failed to submit an updated application. The present study examined the results of the new process and its capability to improve the quality of the directory and the reliability of the information contained in it. A dataset of 12.595 journals included in DOAJ, since its launch in 2003 until May 15th 2016, was examined and compared to other data. The number of journals deleted from DOAJ during this period is 3776; the majority of them (2851 journals) were excluded because publishers failed to complete the reapplication on time; 490 had ceased publication or were otherwise inactive; 375 were excluded for ethical issues; 53 because they were no longer open access or the content was embargoed, the final 7 were removed for other reasons. The top five countries in terms of the percentage of journals removed are: Japan (74% of journals removed); Pakistan (60%); Canada (51%); United States (50%); and Mexico (49%). Our study has shown that 158 of the removed journals are included in Beall’s lists; 1130 journals indexed in DOAJ are included in Scopus and/or JCR. Our analysis demonstrates that, thanks to the new acceptance criteria, to the improved screening process performed by national groups under the direction of the new management, there is a noticeable quality improvement of the journals indexed in DOAJ.In 2013, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) expanded and updated its inclusion criteria and its journal evaluation process, ultimately removing a large number of journals that failed to submit an updated application. The present study examined the results of the new process and its capability to improve the quality of the directory and the reliability of the information contained in it. A dataset of 12.595 journals included in DOAJ, since its launch in 2003 until May 15th 2016, was examined and compared to other data. The number of journals deleted from DOAJ during this period is 3776; the majority of them (2851 journals) were excluded because publishers failed to complete the reapplication on time; 490 had ceased publication or were otherwise inactive; 375 were excluded for ethical issues; 53 because they were no longer open access or the content was embargoed, the final 7 were removed for other reasons. The top five countries in terms of the percentage of journals removed are: Japan (74% of journals removed); Pakistan (60%); Canada (51%); United States (50%); and Mexico (49%). Our study has shown that 158 of the removed journals are included in Beall’s lists; 1130 journals indexed in DOAJ are included in Scopus and/or JCR. Our analysis demonstrates that, thanks to the new acceptance criteria, to the improved screening process performed by national groups under the direction of the new management, there is a noticeable quality improvement of the journals indexed in DOAJ
No full textIn library catalogs as much as on the web, metadata acts as a transparent language through which concrete objects are looked for, found and obtained. Past decades have seen web browsing evolving so as to, by reducing query time to a slight amount, make web surfers forget that they are looking for things online: through this, online querying has become as trivial and invisible as would be the use of a currency as a medium of exchange. In fact, metadata sets and currencies share in the contemporary world a common nature, or at least universal principles: both are measuring the value of things in regard to people’s need (of which search engine queries can be seen as a manifestation), and both can be viewed as temporary substitutes to those needed things before their obtention.The following article will thus examine both the transparency and materiality of bibliographical data firstly by demonstrating its monetary aspect, secondly by showing its materiality, and thirdly by explaining how the adoption of Linked Open Data standards contributes to the reification of data itself. Its argumentation is for its bigger part drawn from the data.bnf.fr experiment, which has been launched in 2011. This website is a project of the National Library of France, aiming at disseminating data from the BnF various catalogs and applications while constituting a single point of access for users from the web to collections descriptions scattered across many search tools. As this website principles are based on both online visibility and linked open data dissemination, this article will try to demonstrate how those two principles are going hand in hand.In library catalogs as much as on the web, metadata acts as a transparent language through which concrete objects are looked for, found and obtained. Past decades have seen web browsing evolving so as to, by reducing query time to a slight amount, make web surfers forget that they are looking for things online: through this, online querying has become as trivial and invisible as would be the use of a currency as a medium of exchange. In fact, metadata sets and currencies share in the contemporary world a common nature, or at least universal principles: both are measuring the value of things in regard to people’s need (of which search engine queries can be seen as a manifestation), and both can be viewed as temporary substitutes to those needed things before their obtention.The following article will thus examine both the transparency and materiality of bibliographical data firstly by demonstrating its monetary aspect, secondly by showing its materiality, and thirdly by explaining how the adoption of Linked Open Data standards contributes to the reification of data itself. Its argumentation is for its bigger part drawn from the data.bnf.fr experiment, which has been launched in 2011. This website is a project of the National Library of France, aiming at disseminating data from the BnF various catalogs and applications while constituting a single point of access for users from the web to collections descriptions scattered across many search tools. As this website principles are based on both online visibility and linked open data dissemination, this article will try to demonstrate how those two principles are going hand in hand
RSC Satellite Meeting Subject Cataloguing - Quo vadis?
Full text linkThe aim of this short contribution is that of presenting the conference Subject Cataloguing – Quo vadis? organised by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, Schweizerische Nationalbibliothek and the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek as IFLA Satellite Meeting at the annual meeting of the RDA Steering Committee. The conference, held in Frankfurt on Nov. 4th 2016, dealt with the subject cataloguing under different perspectives and presented concrete initiatives by many European institutions. The committee in charge of the revision of RDA took the chance to re-open a working platform on a theme, that of subject cataloguing, often left apart in the discussion on Library and Information Science.The aim of this short contribution is that of presenting the conference Subject Cataloguing – Quo vadis? organised by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, Schweizerische Nationalbibliothek and the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek as IFLA Satellite Meeting at the annual meeting of the RDA Steering Committee. The conference, held in Frankfurt on Nov. 4th 2016, dealt with the subject cataloguing under different perspectives and presented concrete initiatives by many European institutions. The committee in charge of the revision of RDA took the chance to re-open a working platform on a theme, that of subject cataloguing, often left apart in the discussion on Library and Information Science
Distant Reading Through Ontologies: The Case Study of Catania’s Benedictines Monastery
Full text linkIn this contribution, we developed a Linked Open Dataset, more specifically an OWL ontology, about the history of the renovation of the Catania’s Benedictines Monastery by the architect Giancarlo De Carlo. We considered a wide subset of public and private documents collected from 1977 to 2006 during the process of restoration and adaptation of the monastery to a campus for the University of Catania.The task of modelling and population of the ontology have been carried out from the analysis of documents stored in the “Archivio del Museo della Fabbrica”, in the new archive of professor Giuseppe Giarrizzo, in the private collection of Antonino Leonardi, and from the conceptual map of the locations of the monastery.In this contribution, we developed a Linked Open Dataset, more specifically an OWL ontology, about the history of the renovation of the Catania’s Benedictines Monastery by the architect Giancarlo De Carlo. We considered a wide subset of public and private documents collected from 1977 to 2006 during the process of restoration and adaptation of the monastery to a campus for the University of Catania.The task of modelling and population of the ontology have been carried out from the analysis of documents stored in the “Archivio del Museo della Fabbrica”, in the new archive of professor Giuseppe Giarrizzo, in the private collection of Antonino Leonardi, and from the conceptual map of the locations of the monastery
La classificazione in Italia: la proposta di un modello condiviso in ambito pubblico
Full text linkUna riflessione sulla possibilità di predisporre un modello di Titolario di classificazione che tutte le pubbliche amministrazioni italiane possano adottare, con gli opportuni adattamenti, per la classificazione dell’archivio corrente. Il lavoro svolto Gruppo di Lavoro, promosso dall’Agenzia per l’Italia Digitale – AGID, incaricato di elaborare lo schema tipo di Titolario è analizzato con l’intento di individuare, da una parte, i punti di forza di un progetto condiviso e dall’altra, le difficoltà e le criticità riscontrate. L’analisi funzionale di diverse tipologie di pubbliche amministrazioni ha individuato una cospicua sovrapponibilità delle parti generiche, relative alle funzioni generali e strumentali, ipotizzando una reale fattibilità di un modello di Titolario condivisibile a larga scala; ha nel contempo, tuttavia, evidenziato la difficoltà di mantenere la medesima coerenza progettuale nel tradurre nello stesso modello di Titolario le funzioni specifiche e peculiari delle diverse tipologie di pubbliche amministrazioni.A reflection on the possibility of drawing up a filing plan model that all Italian public administrations can adopt, with suitable modifications, for managing records of the current archive. The task assigned to the Working Group, by the Agency for Digital Italy - AGID, for developing a model of filing plan scheme has been analysed with the aim to identify both the strong points of a shared project and the related difficulties and problems found.The functional analysis of different types of government has identified a considerable overlap of the generic parts, referring to the general and instrumental functions, assuming a real feasibility of a shared filing plan model in a large scale. It has also highlighted the difficulty in maintaining the same consistency in translating specific and particular functions of other types of public administrations within the same filing plan model
Towards a new archival economy: the development of the discipline in the transition from analogue to digital
Full text linkThe paper aims at proposing some considerations on the evolution of the discipline of archival economy in the transition from “traditional” to digital archives, focusing in particular on issues related to the use of new prefixes for binary multiples required for correctly estimate the size of digital archives and the capacity of storage systems. In particular, the paper aims at clarifying this particular aspect, which is rarely taken in consideration while it is very important to take it in consideration during the creation of a digital archive. As a consequence, the skills required to archivists who want to deal with digital archives must change and there is the need of a “new” archival economy which combines the traditional topics with the issues related to the management of digital archives.Il contributo propone alcune riflessioni sull’evoluzione della disciplina dell’archiveconomia nella transizione dagli archivi “tradizionali” a quelli digitali, soffermandosi in particolare sulle questioni relative all’utilizzo dei nuovi prefissi per i multipli binari necessari per la corretta stima delle dimensioni degli archivi digitali e delle capacità di memorizzazione dei sistemi di storage necessarie per contenerli. In particolare il contributo si propone di fare chiarezza su questo aspetto particolare, che non viene quasi mai preso in considerazione ma che si rivela di fondamentale importanza quando si vuole pianificare la creazione di un archivio digitale. La conseguenza di tutto ciò è che cambiano le competenze richieste agli archivisti che vogliono confrontarsi con gli archivi digitali ed è necessario giungere ad una “nuova” archiveconomia, che affianchi ai tradizionali argomenti di studio le tematiche connesse con la gestione degli archivi digitali
Biblioteche e Wikimedia: strategie comuni per l’accesso aperto alla conoscenza e la costruzione collaborativa del sapere libero
Full text linkIl contributo presenta un quadro aggiornato delle diverse forme di collaborazione tra le biblioteche e il mondo targato Wikimedia. L'articolo indica i numerosi punti di convergenza tra l'attività dei bibliotecari e quella dei wikimediani. Descrive poi il movimento The Wikipedia Library, la campagna #1Lib1Ref, il progetto Biblioteche di Wikimedia Italia, le attività svolte in questo ambito da BNCF e da altre biblioteche italiane. Relativamente alla questione del riuso dei dati bibliografici, il contributo si concentra su Wikidata e sui progetti WikiBib e Wikicite. L'articolo spiega infine la funzione dei wikipediani in residenza nelle operazioni di caricamento delle collezioni digitali su Wikimedia Commons.The paper presents an updated overview of the different forms of collaboration between the libraries and the world of Wikimedia. The article shows the many points of convergence between the librarians and the wikimedians. It describes The Wikipedia Library, the campaign #1Lib1Ref, the Libraries project of Wikimedia Italia, the activities carried out in this area by BNCF and other Italian libraries. With regard to the reuse of bibliographic data, the contribution focuses on Wikidata and on WikiBib and Wikicite projects. The article finally explains the role of wikipedians in residence and describes the digital collections uploaded to Wikimedia Commons