UNES Law Review (Universitas Ekasakti Padang)
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Neighboring Rights dalam Sengketa Penyiaran (Free to Air) Studi Komparasi Hukum Indonesia dan Korea Selatan
Get PDFBroadcasting institutions as one of the creators included in the neighboring right group often face economic rights violations that cause losses of up to trillions of rupiah. It is undeniable that the value of copyrighted works of intellectual products of the human mind needs to be appreciated with an economic orientation to realise the welfare of the creators\u27 lives. In Indonesia and South Korea, economic rights violations against copyrighted works of broadcasting occur. The case at the end of January 2024 related to organised intellectual property rights violations no longer falls into the realm of civil law but can also be charged with criminal law. The case is related to the arrest of a South Korean citizen who committed an organised copyright crime with a loss value of 19.7 billion rupiah according to a report from Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC). The research method used by the author is a statutory approach (the statue approach) using normative law or (legal research) by examining legislation in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected by means of literature study.From the research conducted by the author on the assessment of two regulations, it can be concluded that both countries apply the same rules for the protection of Neighboring Rights in accordance with the agreements in the Bern and Rome Conventions. Broadcasters have neighboring rights that are guaranteed privileges so that violations of the law can be subject to civil and criminal sanctions. The principle of Fair Use or exclusion is also applied by both countries, but no details are provided because they adopt the principle of common law where jurisprudence or previous judicial decisions become the source of law
Perbandingan Kebijakan Indonesia dan Malaysia Mengenai Pemberian Hak Untuk Bekerja
Get PDFPengungsi merupakan fenomena klasik yang muncul akibat dari ancaman terhadap keselamatan. Tulisan ini membahas kebijakan mengenai pengungsi di Indonesia dan Malaysia, dua negara yang menjadi tujuan transit bagi banyak pengungsi dan pencari suaka. Meskipun belum meratifikasi Konvensi Status Pengungsi 1951, keduanya menghormati prinsip non-refoulement. Namun, Mengingat bahwa mereka mungkin harus menunggu hingga 25 tahun untuk bisa direlokasi ke negara ketiga, para pengungsi tentu saja sangat menderita karena kurangnya kesempatan untuk bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan hak seseorang atas pekerjaan sangat penting bagi kehidupannya berdasarkan hukum internasional termasuk pengungsi, sesuai dengan undang-undang hak asasi manusia internasional sebagaimana diakui dalam instrumen seperti UDHR 1948, Konvensi 1951, dan Protokol 1967. Meski Indonesia melarang pengungsi bekerja berdasarkan regulasi IMI-0352.GR.02.07/2016, Malaysia memberikan visa kerja sementara IMM13. Revisi kebijakan Indonesia, khususnya Perpres No. 125/2016, diusulkan untuk memberikan hak pekerjaan kepada pengungsi. Langkah ini diharapkan meningkatkan martabat mereka, mengurangi stigma negatif, dan memberian kontribusi positif terhadap ekonomi dan Masyarakat. Dengan demikian, pengungsi dapat berperan aktif dalam pembangunan negara
Restorative Justice, Kejahatan, Hukuman, dan Peradilan Pidana: Sebuah Analisis Kesejarahan, Peluang dan Tantangan
Get PDFRestorative justice merupakan pendekatan alternatif dalam sistem peradilan pidana yang menekankan pada pemulihan dan rekonsiliasi antara pelaku kejahatan, korban, dan komunitas. Pendekatan ini menyoroti pentingnya memperbaiki dampak sosial dan emosional dari kejahatan, selain sekadar menghukum pelaku. Dalam konteks kesejarahan, restorative justice menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang bagaimana pendekatan ini berkembang dari waktu ke waktu, serta bagaimana hal ini berhubungan dengan perubahan dalam sistem peradilan pidana. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejarah, peluang, dan tantangan restorative justice dalam konteks kejahatan dan peradilan pidana. Tujuan utama adalah untuk memahami perkembangan konsep kejahatan, restorative justice, serta untuk mengeksplorasi peluang dan tantangan dalam penerapannya dalam sistem peradilan pidana. Analisis dilakukan dengan memeriksa literatur historis dan kontemporer tentang restorative justice, kejahatan, dan peradilan pidana. Metode penelitian melibatkan peninjauan artikel, buku, dan dokumen-dokumen terkait yang membahas topik tersebut. Artikel ini menggambarkan perkembangan restorative justice, kejahatan, dan peradilan pidana, dari perspektif sejarah, mulai dari akarnya dalam tradisi lintasan sejarah manusia hingga penerapannya dalam sistem peradilan pidana modern. Peluang restorative justice dalam memperbaiki hubungan antara pelaku, korban, dan masyarakat dijelaskan, sementara tantangan seperti resistensi dari sistem peradilan yang mapan dan kekurangan sumber daya diperhatikan. Restorative justice menawarkan pendekatan yang berpotensi untuk memperbaiki ketidakadilan dalam sistem peradilan pidana dengan menekankan pada pemulihan, rekonsiliasi, dan tanggung jawab yang bersama-sama. Namun, penerapannya masih dihadapkan pada sejumlah tantangan, termasuk resistensi dari lembaga-lembaga tradisional dan kebutuhan akan dukungan dan sumber daya yang memadai. Meskipun demikian, dengan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang sejarah, peluang, dan tantangan restorative justice, ada kemungkinan untuk mengembangkan sistem peradilan pidana yang lebih inklusif dan adil di masa depan
Peniadaan Pemidanaan Terhadap Perbuatan yang Mengakibatkan Kerugian Negara dalam Kegiatan Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa di Indonesia
Get PDFCorruption crimes committed by civil servants or state apparatus are thoroughly correlated to the abuse of authority and state losses. The authority given to organize and carry out burdens and errands for the assistance of the public is misused by enriching oneself or personal groups. However, there is an alteration in the mistakes made by civil servants or state apparatus which can cause losses to the public, specifically in the field of civic administration, in this case the gaining of goods and facilities. This error is referred to as an administrative error. This study discusses the differences in legal responsibility for state losses in acts of corruption with state losses in state administration law and regarding the return of state losses by goods and services procurement officials to be able to remove punishment. The difference between state losses in acts of corruption is intentional losses to enrich oneself or a group, while state losses in state administrative law are carried out without any element of intentional committing a crime. Returning state losses within a period of 10 (ten) days for administrative errors committed by bureaucrats for the obtaining of goods and facilities can remove the punishment that was originally classified as a illegal turn of corruption because this was done as part of an unintentional mistake and not to augment oneself or a particular assembly
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Jual Beli Perumahan dengan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dalam Proses Penyelesaian Sengketa di Luar Pengadilan di Kota Medan
Get PDFPada praktiknya jual beli perumahan dengan KPR sering menimbulkan permasalahan, baik konflik yang bersumber dari pelaku pengembang, dimana banyak terjadi sengketa disebabkan oleh pelaku pengembang yang tidak menepati janjinya sehingga konsumen dirugikan oleh pelaku pengembang akibat buruk dari komitmen yang diajukan saat menawarkan produk tidak diindahkan oleh pelaku pengembang tersebut. Hal ini tentu menyalahi ketentuan Pasal 42 ayat 2 Undang – Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2011 Tentang Perumahan Dan Kawasan Permukiman tersebut. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penulisan ini adalah: Bagaimana perlindungan terhadap konsumen (pembeli) dalam hal pengembang ingkar janji (wanprestasi) atas kewajibannya berdasarkan PPJB di Kota Medan? Dan bagaimana proses penyelesaian jual beli tanah dan rumah melalui KPR berdasarkan PPJB di Kota Medan, sehingga konsumen (pembeli) dapat memperoleh tanah dan rumahnya serta sertipikat hak atas tanahnya?.Adapun metode penelitiannya adalah metode pendekatan yuridis empiris (emphrical legal research), sifat penelitian ini bersifat deskriftif analitis. Adapun kesimpulannya Ketidaksesuain tersebut meliputi ketidakjelasan informasti yang diberikan tentang identifikasi dan deskripsi tentang prasarana, sarana dan utilitas umum yang ada. dengan realita pembangunan dan keterlambatan waktu proses pembangunan. Penyelesaian sengketa konsumen dapat ditempuh melalui pengadilan atau di luar pengadilan berdasarkan pilihan sukarela para pihak yang bersengketa. Usaha mempercepat penyelesaian sengketa konsumen, khususnya melalui BPSK, yang putusannya dinyatakan final dan mengikat namun UUPK masih membuka kemungkinan pihak yang keberatan atas putusan tersebut, untuk mengajukan keberatan kepada Pengadilan Negeri, hanya saja pihak yang tidak puas atas putusan Pengadilan Negeri tersebut, tidak dapat lagi mengajukan upaya hukum banding ke Pengadilan Tinggi
Administrative Errors With Potential to Harm State Finances Based on Legal Audit By The State Prosecutor
Get PDFCorruption crimes in government procurement of goods and services, such as bribery, price mark-ups, and manipulation of bidding processes, can disrupt good governance, cause financial losses to the state, and diminish public trust in the government. Therefore, legal audits by the State Prosecutor play a crucial role in preventing financial losses to the state and identifying administrative errors that potentially harm state finances based on the results of such legal audits. The research findings indicate that the legal audit by the State Prosecutor in avoiding financial losses to the state through the Prosecution is governed by the Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Home Affairs, the State Prosecutor, and the Indonesian National Police. This audit involves receiving reports or complaints from the public, verifying with supporting evidence, providing written notices of handling outcomes, and protecting the identity of the reporters. The steps of the legal audit include ensuring objectives, planning, data confidentiality, document collection and analysis, report preparation, result exposition, and result delivery to the applicants. These stages also involve auditing findings analysis, compliance evaluations, decision feasibility assessments, and considerations for further legal actions, all aimed at maintaining integrity and accountability in governance. The State Prosecutor uses legal audits to ensure legal compliance and identify errors that could harm state finances. They determine indications of criminal acts or legal violations and assess sufficient evidence to support allegations of violations. During the audit process, the State Prosecutor looks for irregularities or legal non-compliance related to public fund management, financial misconduct, and other administrative violations involving state finances
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Pelaku Peretasan Kartu Kredit (Carding) Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik
Get PDFCredit card hacking (carding) is a credit card fraud where the perpetrator knows someone\u27s credit card number which is still valid for use, then the perpetrator can buy goods online where the bill can be addressed to the original owner of the credit card, while the perpetrator is called a carder
Tuntutan Pekerja Terhadap Hak Maternitas Bagi Tenaga Kerja Wanita Hamil yang Tidak di Penuhi Secara Keadilan Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (Studi Kasus PT. Alpen Food Industry Bekasi)
Get PDFProblems that arise due to the increasing number of female workers, ranging from issues of gender equality, health, legal protection and wages. The 2000 Indonesian Occupational Health and Safety (K3) training document explains that for certain chemicals, conditions in factories such as excessive heat. In this research, researchers focused on the problems that existed when the research was carried out, secondary data related to reviewing maternity rights for pregnant women workers in ensuring the safety and health of pregnant women and the fetuses they contain. Article 86 paragraph (1) of the Manpower Law emphasizes: every worker has the right to obtain protection for occupational safety and health (K3) where pregnant female workers can ask to do work that is not heavy and dangerous. PT. This AFI violates existing legislation where pregnant women workers are employed on night shifts in accordance with the Company\u27s operations without paying attention to Occupational Health and Safety, but the author provides a strategy to increase the fulfillment of maternity rights for pregnant women workers at PT. AFI\u27s first step involves understanding the company\u27s understanding of the applicable legal framework, including Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment, which regulates the protection of female workers, including maternity rights
Ex Aequo Et Bono and the Quest for Arbiter Independence in Deciding a Case
No full textArbitration is a dynamic practice that can be developed from many perspectives. One of the issues to consider is the implementation of ex aequo et bono by arbitrators, which many parties see as requiring prior approval from the parties so that arbitrators can make decisions based on ex aequo et bono. This study concludes that the arbitrator\u27s authority to decide ex aequo et bono is not derived from the parties\u27 agreement but rather from the arbitrator\u27s inherent authority. First, because this principle is consistent with the spirit of arbitration, the Arbitrator has the authority to decide ex aequo et bono. Second, the Law on Judicial Power imposes an obligation to investigate, adhere to, and comprehend legal values and the sense of justice in society. Third, no provision in the Arbitration Law requires the parties to agree in advance on the grant of ex aequo et bono. As a result, the current arbitration practice does not violate the Arbitration Law as long as some parties request an ex aequo et bono award in their petitum.Arbitrasi adalah praktik yang dinamis yang dapat dikembangkan dari berbagai sudut pandang. Salah satu masalah yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah penerapan ex aequo et bono oleh arbitrator, yang banyak pihak anggap memerlukan persetujuan sebelumnya dari pihak-pihak sehingga arbitrator dapat membuat keputusan berdasarkan ex aequo et bono. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa wewenang arbitrator untuk memutuskan ex aequo et bono tidak berasal dari persetujuan pihak-pihak tetapi dari wewenang inheren arbitrator. Pertama, karena prinsip ini konsisten dengan semangat arbitrase, Arbitrator memiliki wewenang untuk memutuskan ex aequo et bono. Kedua, Undang-Undang Kekuasaan Peradilan mengimposisi kewajiban untuk menyelidiki, mematuhi, dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum dan rasa keadilan dalam masyarakat. Ketiga, tidak ada ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Arbitrase yang mengharuskan pihak-pihak untuk menyetujui di muka tentang pemberian ex aequo et bono. Sebagai hasilnya, praktik arbitrase saat ini tidak melanggar Undang-Undang Arbitrase selama beberapa pihak meminta penghargaan ex aequo et bono dalam petitum mereka
Perbandingan Sistem Hukum Indonesia dan Australia Tentang Pengaturan Pertimbangan Bisnis (Business Judgement)
Get PDFThe legal systems adopted by Indonesia and Australia have differences, Indonesia adheres to civil law while Australia adheres to common law. The author in this study intends to conduct a comparative study of the legal system between Indonesia and Australia regarding business judgment arrangements. The issues studied are about the similarities and differences between business judgment arrangements in Indonesia and Australia, as well as the factors that cause these similarities and differences. The author uses normative methods by using a legal approach in the preparation of this study. The results of the comparison of legal systems between Indonesia and Australia have similarities, namely in terms of legal rules where both already have written legal rules, and the second in terms of regulating business judgment for the Board of Directors, while the differences that are seen are different legal systems, implementation of written rules, origin of rules, substance of rules, and position of jurisprudence. The factors that cause these similarities and differences include historical factors of the country, thinking characteristics, and economics