UNES Law Review (Universitas Ekasakti Padang)
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Penerapan Hukum Penodaan Agama Indonesia Dalam Kasus Gafatar
Get PDFSumber hukum penodaan agama di Indonesia terdapat dalam Penetapan Presiden Nomor 1/PNPS/1965 tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan dan/atau Penodaan Agama yang didalamnya juga mencantumkan Pasal 156a Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, hukum tersebut memiliki tujuan untuk melindungi kebebasan beragama sebagai salah satu hak yang dijamin didalam Undang-Undang Dasar Tahun 1945. Seiring perkembangan zaman, terlihat kelemahan dalam kepastian hukum yang diberikan hukum penodaan agama serta kegagalannya dalam melindungi kebebasan beragama tersebut, hal ini terlihat jelas setelah kasus Alexander Aan yang membuat media internasional menyorot hukum penodaan agama dan memberikan kritik atas hukum tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan menganalisa buku, hukum, serta sumber tertulis maupun tidak tertulis lainnya. Dalam penelitian penerapan hukum penodaan agama dalam kasus Gafatar ditemukan bahwa hukum tersebut adalah produk masa lalu yang sudah tidak lagi relevan. Ambiguitas hukum penodaan agama memberikan celah multi interpretasi yang berresiko melanggar hak kebebasan berpendapat dan hak kebebasan beragama dan memberikan wewenang penetapan suatu aksi sebagai penodaan agama kepada instansi yang tidak memiliki kewenangan secara hukum seperti organisasi agama. penerapan Pasal 156a KUHP tidak memenuhi syarat dalam Penetapan Presiden. Untuk memberikan perlindungan hak masyarakat, diperlukan definisi jelas atas penodaan agama serta tindakannya dan evaluasi atas efektivitas hukum penodaan agama di Indonesia
Kedudukan Harta Perkawinan yang Sedang Dijaminkan: Studi Akibat Pembuatan Perjanjian Pasca Perkawinan / Postnuptial Agreement
Get PDFDengan hadirnya dan pemberlakukan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.69/PUU-XIII/2015 terjadi beberapa perubahan terkait dengan pelaksanaan perjanjian perkawinan pertama ialah waktu dibuatnya perjanjian, berlakunya perjanjian perkawinan, isi perjanjian perkawinan, dan pencabutan perjanjian perkawinan. Dengan dimungkinnya pembuatan perjanjian kawin pasca kawin maka akan berakibat mengenai kedudukan harta perkawinan seperti contohnya bila mana harta perkawinan tersebut sedang dijaminkan. Bagaimana kedudukan harta bersama yang sedang dijaminkan tersebut apakah kemudian bertentangan dalam ketentuan yang ada dalam putusan konstitusi dan bagaimana keabsahan dari perjanjian kawin yang dibuat tersebut serta peran apa yang dapat dilakukan oleh Notaris dalam pembuatan perjanjian kawin. Dalam tulisan ini metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu bentuk penelitian doktriner yang akan mengacu kepada peraturan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang mana baik berupa asas-asas tertulis maupun tidak tertulis. Apabila para pihak menjadikan harta bersama dalam perkawinan mereka tersebut menjadi objek dalam perjanjian perkawinan, kemudian pasangan dalam hal ini melakukan perjanjian kawin maka dalam pembuatan perjanjian kawin tersebut perlu dilakukannya terlebih dahulu pembagian harta bersama tersebut melalui inventarisasi harta bersama. Inventariasi tersebut berperan untuk mencatat seluruh harta apa saja yang diperoleh selama perkawinan. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk dapat menentukan kemudian bagaimana kedudukan harta bersama tersebut ketika dibuatnya perjanjian kawin pasca kawin. Peran Notaris dibutuhkan sebagai pihak yang berwenang membuat perjanjian perkawinan dan dalam hal ini perlu menerapkan prinsip kehatia-hatian agar perjanjian perkawinan yang dibuat tidak merugikan pihak ketiga
Reinventing the Criminalization of Commercial Sex Workers and Prostitution Service Users in Indonesia in the Perspective of Indonesian Criminal Law Reform
Get PDFThe advent of technology and easier internet access has led to a surge in internet and social media users in Indonesia, with apps like MiChat facilitating social interactions that could heighten the risk of HIV spread due to online prostitution. Commercial sex workers, once predominantly victims of trafficking, are increasingly promoting their services independently without intermediaries. This study aims to examine the enforcement of laws against online prostitution practices. The research method employed is normative juridical with a conceptual approach and statutory approach. The study finds that legal analysis of the criminalization of commercial sex work in Indonesia highlights the need for legislative renewal that emphasizes social justice and avoids disproportionate social consequences due to excessive criminalization. The necessary criminal law reform should harmonize sanctions with efforts for prevention, rehabilitation, and social reintegration to create a legal framework that supports individual well-being while maintaining social and moral integrit
Peralihan Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Menjadi Perumahan (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Merjolangu, Kec. Lowokwaru, Kota Malang)
Get PDFThe frequent conversion of agricultural land in Indonesia encourages the government to carry out or make legal products in terms of protecting sustainable food agricultural land in accordance with Law Number 41 of 2009. The stipulations in the Law are realized in the regions through the Regional Spatial Plan, in practice the conversion of agricultural land still often occurs, for example in Mojolangu Village, Lowokwaru District - Malang City. This research aims to find out whether land conversion can be implemented and how it is implemented. This research was compiled using doctrinal research methods. The results of this study are, first, the conversion of agricultural land can be carried out due to several factors, namely population, area, government policy. And regarding its implementation through the renewal of Malang City Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2011 concerning the Regional Spatial Plan of Malang City 2010-2030 which is then Malang City Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2022 concerning the Regional Spatial Plan of Malang City 2022-2042, with several stages, namely preparation for preparation, review of the previous "RTRW", collection of data and information, analysis, formulation of plan concepts, legalization of plans into regional regulations in accordance with Government Regulation Number 21 of 2021
Analisis Hukum Terkait Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Dalam Perjanjian Sewa Menyewa Yang Menyebabkan Kerugian (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2925 K/Pdt/2019)
Get PDFOne of the legal acts in the agreement is leasing, which is regulated in Articles 1548 to 1600 of the Civil Code. In Article 1548 of the Civil Code, leasing is defined as an agreement, by which one party binds himself to give the enjoyment of an item to the other party during a certain time, with the payment of a price agreed by the latter party. People can lease various types of goods, both fixed and movable. Sometimes a lease agreement often raises various legal issues, such as default or breach of promise or unlawful acts. Unlawful acts in a lease agreement can be interpreted as a negligent act or any act that violates agreed rights and/or obligations and is contrary to applicable laws and regulations, causing material or immaterial losses to others. This research is intended to analyze the legal consequences arising from unlawful acts committed by the renting party through Supreme Court Decision Number 2925 K/Pdt/2019. By using a normative juridical approach, the results of this study show that the actions of the subletting party can be categorized as unlawful acts because it terminates the lease agreement unilaterally, while there is still a validity period of the lease to which the tenant is entitled. This caused the tenant to be materially and materially disadvantaged, so they sued until the cassation level
Analisis Pemenuhan Unsur Kesengajaan (Opzet) dalam Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan (Studi Putusan Nomor 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN KPN)
Get PDFA criminal act is something committed by an individual who deliberately violates the provisions of the Criminal Code Book II Chapter XIX (Articles 338 to Article 350) due to the loss of someone\u27s life. One example of this case is the murder incident in Decision Number 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN KPN. In this case, there was a child who murdered the victim with the motive of self-defense, because the victim asked for the perpetrator\u27s belongings and had sex with the witness. The perpetrator was subject to a sentence based on Article 351 paragraph (3) of the Criminal Code regarding abuse resulting in death by the Panel of Judges. However, this caused a polemic because the perpetrator committed the murder by stabbing a knife into the victim\u27s vital organs in the chest. The author uses a normative juridical approach to examine the judge\u27s views regarding the fulfillment of the element of intent (opzet) in the crime of murder using secondary data obtained through literature study. Based on the research results, the judge\u27s consideration of the use of Article 351 paragraph (3) of the Criminal Code in this decision was considered inappropriate because the judge simply did not review the jurisprudence, the opzet element in this incident, and only relied on the Criminal Code and subjective reasoning. In criminal law, it is important to consider the element of intent or opzet, even though the consequences are the same, namely the loss of the victim\u27s life, the element of intent in each article is different. Article 338 of the Criminal Code requires the victim to lose their life, while Article 351 paragraph (3) of the Criminal Code only wants the victim to feel pain without wanting the victim to die
Perspektif Hukum terhadap Perlindungan Anak Korban Kekerasan Seksual dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022
Get PDFA nation\u27s legal system must provide for the legal protection of children who are the victims of sexual assault. One of the main initiatives to give children who are victims of sexual assault proper legal protection is Law Number 12 of 2022 about Sexual assault Crimes. This article examines the numerous legal protection measures provided by Law Number 12 of 2022 through a content analysis. These measures include rules pertaining to the definition of sexual violence, court procedures, penalties for offenders, and victim rehabilitation initiatives. The investigation focuses on the potential and difficulties in implementing Law Number 12 of 2022 throughout society, as well as how it offers a thorough legal framework to safeguard the rights of children who are sexually abused
Optimalisasi Rehabilitasi Medis kepada Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Di Balai Pemasyarakatan (BAPAS) Kelas 1 Jakarta Barat dan BNN Jakarta Utara Guna Mengatasi Overkapasitas
Get PDFThe rehabilitation system for narcotics abusers is implemented in correctional institutions, based on the provisions of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics serves as the legal basis for the prevention and combating of drug abuse in Indonesia. Despite the government\u27s vigorous efforts through the National Narcotics Agency (BNN) This research aims to understand and analyze optimization in rehabilitation, the factors that cause rehabilitation to fail for addicts and victims of narcotics abuse. as well as to understand and analyze the efforts made so that rehabilitation of addicts and victims of narcotics abuse can be carried out to address this issue, drug abuse is estimated to affect 3.8 to 4.1 million people. This research adopts a field research approach with a socio-legal juridical perspective. In the context of overcrowding, the study highlights its impact on rehabilitation programs and emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach. In-depth analysis indicates that limited prisoner access to adequate services can hinder the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs. The integration of criminal law policy theory, prisonization theory, and rehabilitation theory becomes crucial in designing holistic and targeted solutions. Based on the research analysis, it can be concluded that overcrowding creates pressure on human resources, impedes rehabilitation programs, and potentially harms the well-being of prisoners. A profound understanding of criminal law policy theories, including prevention, punishment, rehabilitation, deterrence, utilitarianism, and restorative justice, forms the foundation for formulating policies that guide prisoners not only toward punishment but also towards recovery and social reintegration
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Lelang Objek Jaminan Berdasarkan Perspektif Hukum
Get PDFThis research aims to carry out collateral auction responsibilities, especially for customers, towards auction officials in the auction of collateral objects with a focus on a legal perspective. The auction execution process often involves complex problems, raising questions regarding the rights of the pawned object and legal protection for both the customer and the auction official. This research will analyse the legal framework that regulates customer rights and also the rights of auction officials regarding auctions of collateral objects without notification. This legal approach will include a review of applicable auction regulations, property rights, and legal protection for customers and auction officials. In addition, this research will evaluate the extent of applicable legal protection
Liability For Processing Personal Data At Private Universities Related to Personal Data Protection Based On Indonesian Law
Get PDFTechnological advances are like two sides of a coin that have several conditions that are not only beneficial but need to be aware of the dangers, one of which is data leakage. Data leakage does not always occur intentionally, it can occur due to the negligence of a software itself due to the weakness of its device security system. Personal data is crucial in this era of digitalization, which all of them need, including in educational institutions such as private universities. Foundations and Private Universities have a legal relationship as stipulated in the Foundation Law adjusted to the agreement made by both. Foundations and Private Universities have their respective portions in terms of their duties, functions, authorities, and responsibilities including in the management of personal data if there is a data leak who is the data controller and data processor. The type of research used is doctrinal law through the search for library materials and secondary data consisting of primary documents, secondary legal documents and non-legal documents. The research conducted will later examine the relevant legislation that regulates associated with the legal issues raised whether appropriate or not in its implementation. The results showed that based on the legal relationship, the Foundation as a controller of personal data and the Cooperative as a personal data processor. Both have their respective portions of responsibility and if there is a data leak, the responsibility is borne by the foundation stakeholder as the controller of personal data and the corporation as the beneficiary