Veredas do Direito (Journal)
Not a member yet
1788 research outputs found
Sort by
GOVERNING DRONE TECHNOLOGY FOR GLOBAL FOOD PRODUCTION: CLIMATE CHALLENGES AND LEGAL FRAMEWORKS
Get PDFClimate change is a global phenomenon that poses significant challenges to agriculture and food sector. Due to certain natural and human activities, the planet is undergoing unexpected changes that are affecting the animal and plant agriculture and food production system as a whole. Shifting temperatures and rain patterns, the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, as well as the spread of new pests and diseases, are transforming the ecosystem. Due to these rapid changes the production of agricultural sector decreased and threatening global food security due to lack of uses of innovative technologies. To address this agriculture and its mounting problems, sustainable agriculture development has come to rely on drone technology. The use of drones observed and transformed the agriculture sector through enhanced crop monitoring, resource allocation, and overall farm productivity. However, there is a need to establish compliance, to manage a broad spectrum of airspace law, privacy law, and information protection law. Fears about drones violating privacy by taking unapproved video of private property are growing along with public concerns and expectations of stringent drone laws. Farmers are provided with real-time valuable information pertaining to several components of their operations through state-of-the-art equipment drones or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-definition resolution cameras. This is not limited to just soil conditions and assessments, it includes crop productivity, pest or disease levels and biodiversity. Farmers can now effectively collect data with this level of precision, allowing for more rational timelier resolutions regarding the application of irrigation, fertilizer as well as pest controls, all of which contribute towards maintaining productivity among the demanding climate conditions. This also allows farmers to reduce the amount of damage and crop loss that occurs by enabling them to deal with situations as they develop. For instance, drones can squash a field at one time to look for signs of drought and disease which enables quick and cost-effective measures to be put in place regions where the possible productivity of crops is higher. This form of agriculture helps improve productivity and ensures that environment friendly farming practices are used. The review described and critically analyzed the importance of drone technology specifically in the agriculture sector. To better use of drone technology in agriculture sector, all relevant bodies must ensure that these tasks are carried out through specialized training, comprehensive data management, and dialogue with regulatory bodies. By collaboration and innovation within the agricultural sector, farmers are able to improve their productivity, while ensuring compliance with existing legislations. Finally, this study investigates the changing legal frameworks governing drone activities at the national and international levels. Drones have a lot to offer in resource management and precision farming, but their use presents serious issues with airspace sovereignty, liability, privacy, and environmental preservation. Cross-border drone operations face difficulties due to international laws like the 1944 Chicago Convention, which establish state sovereignty over airspace, especially in situations where security is a concern. Although national frameworks differ greatly, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has made an effort to offer regulatory guidelines.  
RECONSTRUCTING INDONESIA’S NOTARY LAW TO REALIZE A BALANCED RIGHTS–DUTIES FRAMEWORK AND STRENGTHEN THE NOTARY’S CORE AUTHORITY OVER AUTHENTIC DEEDS
Get PDFThis article presents a normative and reform-oriented argument for revising Indonesia\u27s Notary Office Law (Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris/UUJN) to establish a "balanced-value basis" between notaries\u27 rights and obligations, while enhancing the notary\u27s primary authority to produce authentic deeds. Building on doctrinal analysis and the dissertation\u27s conceptual critique, the study shows that the current framework tends to maximize legal certainty for service users but leaves notaries exposed to asymmetrical burdens (administrative, civil, ethical, and potentially criminal risks) without a commensurate guarantee of justice and utility. The article proposes a legislative reconstruction agenda consisting of targeted amendments: first, recalibrating clauses that enable the transfer/exclusion of authentic-deed authority to other officials; second, harmonizing sectoral regulations that fragment notarial authority; and third, strengthening protections, funding, and institutional design for notarial supervision. The reform is grounded in constitutional commitments and a legal-philosophical priority for justice, particularly when rigid legality results in disproportionate harm. The article contributes a structured legislative roadmap to improve legal coherence, professional accountability, and public trust in authentic instruments
A MULTI-THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF AI-RELATED CAPABILITIES AND NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN CHINESE E-COMMERCE SMES: EVIDENCE FROM SICHUAN PROVINCE
Get PDFThis study examines how five AI-related capability domains—AI technological advantage, AI organizational infrastructure, environmental pressure, AI innovation capability, and AI market responsiveness—shape the non-financial performance of e-commerce small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Sichuan Province, China. Integrating the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework with Dynamic Capabilities Theory, the study argues that structural readiness and adaptive capabilities jointly determine whether AI use translates into customer-facing and market-facing outcomes beyond financial metrics. We further propose government policy support as a contextual moderator capturing within-province heterogeneity in access to digital infrastructure, training, and innovation platforms. The paper develops a parsimonious hypothesis model, details construct operationalization, and specifies an empirical strategy using survey data and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with robustness checks via OLS regression and subgroup comparisons. Non-financial performance is operationalized through customer satisfaction, brand value and reputation, market adaptability, and platform visibility. The study contributes a capability-oriented account of inclusive, policy-sensitive digital transformation among resource-constrained inland SMEs and provides a results-reporting template aligned with Scopus-indexed journal expectations
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE IN EXPLOITING AND USING MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE H’MONG PEOPLE IN HANG KIA COMMUNE, MAI CHAU DISTRICT, HOA BINH PROVINCE IN THE DIRECTION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFThe article examines the indigenous knowledge of the H’Mong people in the exploitation and use of medicinal plants in Hang Kia commune, Phu Tho province, from a sustainable development perspective. In the context of declining medicinal plant resources due to overexploitation and the erosion of traditional knowledge, the study highlights the distinctive role of medicinal plants in the livelihoods, health care practices, and spiritual life of the H’Mong community. Through secondary document analysis, field observation, in-depth interviews, and group discussions with traditional healers, village elders, and elderly women, the research demonstrates that H’Mong folk medical knowledge is deeply localized, orally transmitted across generations, and closely intertwined with beliefs in the deity of medicine. Diagnosis, harvesting, and treatment are consistently accompanied by spiritual rituals, which function as a self-regulating mechanism in the use of natural resources. The findings document a list of 20 commonly used medicinal plant species, conserved primarily through two approaches: cultivation in home gardens and selective harvesting in forests. Practices such as avoiding large-scale extraction, refraining from commercial trade in medicinal materials, and differences in medicinal knowledge among ethnic groups help reduce pressure on plant resources. The article concludes that conserving medicinal plants must be inseparable from safeguarding indigenous knowledge and the communities that hold it, viewing this integration as a foundation for sustainable development and the preservation of cultural identity
A DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF TURKIYE’S DEVELOPMENT TRAJECTORY WITHIN THE NEW STRUCTURAL ECONOMICS FRAMEWORK
Get PDFNew Structural Economics (NSE) views development as a process of structural transformation shaped by the interaction of factor endowments, industrial structure, and the facilitating role of the state. From this perspective, development cannot be assessed by growth outcomes alone, but by whether production structures evolve in line with underlying factor conditions. Accordingly, this study analyzes Türkiye’s development trajectory over the 2000–2023 period within a theory-consistent structural framework. The analysis examines the alignment between Türkiye’s evolving factor endowments and its industrial and export structure, together with the role of state institutions in facilitating this process. The study is structured around three interconnected dimensions: factor endowment dynamics, revealed specialization across technological sectors, and the state’s institutional capacity to support structural transformation. The findings reveal a persistent structural misalignment. Despite notable improvements in capital accumulation, higher education, and infrastructure since the late 2000s, industrial specialization has remained concentrated in low- and medium-technology manufacturing. Revealed specialization patterns suggest that growth has largely occurred without sustained industrial upgrading, indicating that Türkiye’s main development constraint lies in the lack of coherence between capabilities, institutions, and strategic orientation
CONSTITUTIONAL COURT DECISIONS WITH DEFERRED EFFECT IN JUDICIAL REVIEW OF STATUTES AGAINST THE 1945 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Get PDFNormatively, the Constitutional Court Law and the Law on the Establishment of Legislation only recognize non-self-executing decisions, as they require further action by the legislature or the President. However, in practice, the Constitutional Court frequently issues self-executing decisions, including those that reinterpret or redefine legal provisions. This raises constitutional challenges, particularly due to the lack of a clear legal basis and the potential conflict with the Court’s original philosophical and historical role as a judicial body. This study aims to examine: (1) the rationale behind the Court’s issuance of non-self-executing decisions; (2) the legal certainty regarding their implementation; and (3) the future framework for managing such decisions. Findings indicate that non-self-executing decisions are issued when norms fall under the domain of open legal policy, thereby deferring action to the legislature or the President. Legal certainty can be strengthened by introducing delayed enforceability and time limits for follow-up action. The study recommends revising relevant laws to provide a legal foundation for decisions involving new norms, conditional constitutionality, and deferred implementation while maintaining the principle that such decisions require legislative or executive follow-up within a specified timeframe
ARE SLOVENIAN TOURISTS LOOKING FOR NATIVENESS OR SUSTAINABILITY?
Get PDFSlovenian tourism preferences reflect a broader global shift, as travelers increasingly balance the desire for comfort and familiarity with a growing interest in authentic, sustainable, and environmentally responsible experiences. This study explores the primary motivations of Slovenian tourists and the types of attractions they prefer when traveling abroad, focusing on whether their preferences lean more towards consumer-oriented or sustainable tourism. An online survey of 370 Slovenian respondents was conducted using a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis identified key motivational (consumer tourism, business/education, sustainable tourism, social bonding) and attraction-related factors (nativeness, local integration, green/safe destinations, peaceful/high-quality environments). Correlations between these constructs were analyzed using Pearson’s method. Findings reveal a dual orientation among Slovenian tourists—towards both emotional comfort and sustainability. While consumer motivations remain strong, interest in authentic, culturally rich, and environmentally friendly experiences is growing. The study confirms that consumer tourists seek nativeness and partially confirms that sustainability-oriented tourists are drawn to green and safe destinations. Tourism providers should address both preferences by offering diverse experiences, promoting safety and familiarity alongside cultural immersion. Micro-segmentation and place-based marketing can help cater to these distinct segments. Overall, this research offers new insights into Slovenian travel behavior and contributes to understanding evolving European tourism trends
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF COVID-19’S IMPACT ON CHILD LABOR
Get PDFSystematic reviews of empirical studies comprehensively examining the relationship between being out of school and child labor during and after the COVID-19 pandemic are limited. The aim in this systematic review is to fill this gap. Empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025 in ERIC, Web of Science, and Scopus were screened according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Seventeen studies were analyzed using narrative synthesis. Three themes emerged: economic shock and household survival strategies, collapse of education’s protective shield, and cycle of exploitation and early adulthood. Pandemic-induced income losses and school closures increased the risks for children, especially those in low-income and migrant households, to drop out of education and engage in hazardous work. Gender-based vulnerabilities increased significantly. Education functions as a protective mechanism against child labor; social protection measures and compensatory education policies play a critical role in breaking this cycle. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly weakened progress toward SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality), undermined education systems’ capacity to protect children from child labor, and exposed persistent policy gaps in efforts to eliminate child labor
PRELIMINARY MEASURES IN ELECTRONIC ENFORCEMENT A COMPARATIVE CIVIL- AND PROCEDURAL-LAW STUDY OF EGYPT AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (DUBAI)
Get PDFcompulsory enforcement still depends on paper-era assumptions about titles, service, and the mechanics of coercion. This article re-frames electronic enforcement as an interface between substantive civil-law rights (the creditor’s claim, the debtor’s liability, and the civil consequences of abusive measures) and procedural technique (opening the enforcement file, service, and interim restraints). Using a doctrinal and functional comparative method, the study analyses the Egyptian position and contrasts it with the Emirate of Dubai within the UAE federal framework, with particular attention to the 2025 legislative reforms and to the new UAE Civil Transactions Law. It argues that ‘electronic enforcement’ cannot be evaluated by speed alone. A credible system must ensure (i) a verifiable electronic executory title, (ii) a legally meaningful digital domicile for service, (iii) a calibrated toolkit of preliminary measures (freezing, attachment, travel restraint, and related orders) that remains proportionate to the underlying civil right, and (iv) civil liability pathways for wrongful or excessive measures. The article concludes by proposing drafting solutions that connect civil-law concepts (good faith, abuse of right, and the creditor’s general guarantee) with procedural safeguards (traceability, contestability, and judicial control)
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS IN ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN REQUEST PATTERNS AMONG STUDENTS AT TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITY: Requests
Get PDFPoliteness, both a linguistic and sociocultural construct, has been extensively examined within Speech Act Theory (Austin, 1962; Searle, 1979) and Brown and Levinson’s (1987) model of face management. However, empirical research on the pragmatic behaviour of Romanian (L1) learners of English (L2) remains limited. This study addresses that gap by analysing how Romanian students formulate requests in both languages and by examining potential transfer from native politeness conventions. A Discourse Completion Task (DCT) with sixteen scenarios varying in power, distance, and imposition was completed by 126 students from Transilvania University of Brașov. Responses were analysed qualitatively using Brown and Levinson’s (1987) and Trosborg’s (1995) typologies of request strategies. Conventionally indirect forms dominated in both languages but appeared more frequently and elaborately in L1. L2 requests were syntactically polite yet more direct and less contextually mitigated. L1 data showed greater use of external modifiers - apologies, explanations, and greetings - indicating heightened sensitivity to hierarchy. Evidence of pragmatic transfer emerged in the overuse of L2 markers such as please, sorry, and kindly, mirroring L1 deference patterns. Overall, the findings confirm that while learners master the linguistic forms of English politeness, their pragmatic performance remains shaped by Romanian sociocultural norms