Veredas do Direito (Journal)
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APPLICATION OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM METHOD WITH TOPSIS TO IDENTIFY POVERTY-PRONE AREAS IN BREBES REGENCY
Get PDFPoverty is a complex multidimensional problem that requires accurate identification of priority areas for the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programs. Brebes Regency faced a poverty rate of 14.22% in 2021, exceeding the Central Java average of 11.26%, with inaccurate targeting of social assistance leading to misallocation of resources. This study implements a Decision Support System (DSS) based on the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to identify poverty-prone areas in Brebes Regency systematically and accurately. The methodology employs a quantitative approach with multicriteria analysis, including four variables: average income, malnutrition of toddlers, number of Certificates of Inability (SKTM), and number of recipients of Direct Cash Assistance (BLT). Data was collected from 297 villages via surveys, interviews, and BPS secondary data. The system uses web architecture with data normalization, criterion weighting, and OpenStreetMap-integrated geographic visualization. Results show TOPSIS identified poverty vulnerability hierarchy with 100% accuracy via manual and automated verification. Padakaton Village ranks highest at 0.6000 as a priority area. Alpha and beta testing confirmed perfect functional validity. Decile-based color-coding visualization aids spatial poverty interpretation. The DSS-TOPSIS system provides objective, measurable recommendations for strategic poverty alleviation decisions in Brebes Regency with high calculation transparency
SERVICE QUALITY AS A DRIVER OF STUDENTS\u27 LEARNING OUTCOMES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION CONTEXT
Get PDFPrivate Higher Educational institutions are always struggling to ehnace student satisfaction learning outcomes. Therefore, this research aims to highlight the impact of service quality on student learning outcomes in private higher education institutions in Bahrain. Moreover, it seeks to determine the mediating role of student satisfaction in the relationship between service quality and learning outcomes. Furthermore, it aims to determine the moderating role of student engagement between student satisfaction and student learning outcomes. A quantitative survey approach was employed, utilizing PLS-SEM for data analysis to test the hypotheses. The study used a proportionate sample technique, gathering data from 89 respondents from private higher education institutions in Bahrain. The results reveal a significant influence of service quality on students\u27 learning outcomes, with student satisfaction mediating this relationship. In addition, the findings demonstrated the significant moderating role of student engagement in the relationship between student satisfaction and student learning outcomes. These findings provide valuable insights for managers and administrators of higher education institutions, enabling them to develop an effective quality service delivery system to enhance students\u27 academic performance
API ECOSYSTEMS IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Get PDFAPIs are undergoing a fundamental shift from static integration mechanisms toward dynamic, AI‑interpretable interaction surfaces. Large language models and autonomous agents increasingly discover, understand, and orchestrate APIs with minimal human intervention, reshaping integration paradigms across domains. This systematic review (2020–2026) analyzes emerging AI‑native API ecosystems along six dimensions: functionality, security, governance, architecture, efficiency, and application areas. The findings highlight an evolution from conventional REST, SOAP, and messaging architectures to adaptive, context‑aware, and policy‑driven interface models. Concurrently, novel security risks—such as prompt injection, model manipulation, and cascading threats in multi‑layer API orchestrations—intensify the need for advanced protective controls, including mTLS, OAuth 2.1, and zero‑trust governance architectures. A key contribution of this work is a taxonomy that classifies AI‑driven API ecosystems according to autonomy level, governance maturity, interoperability, security posture, and energy efficiency. The review positions APIs as foundational components of intelligent systems and offers guidance for research, standardization efforts, and the secure deployment of AI‑native API architectures
ETANOL EN COMBUSTIBLES: DETERMINACIÓN ESPECTROFOTOMÉTRICA EN MODALIDAD CONTINUA VS. VALORACIÓN REDOX DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA VERDE
Get PDFLos biocombustibles son un recurso cada vez más difundido internacionalmente para el reemplazo parcial de los combustibles fósiles en vehículos con motores de combustión interna. En este trabajo se desarrolla un nuevo método analítico para la determinación del hidrocarburo oxigenado etanol en combustibles fósiles de uso vehicular. A través de una microextracción líquido-líquido dispersiva previamente reportada, el etanol se transfiere de la matriz orgánica hacia fase acuosa, en la que se cuantifica mediante su oxidación con dicromato de potasio en medio ácido; la reacción química se desarrolla en continuo a través de un sistema de inyección en flujo, con detección espectrofotométrica soportada en la reducción del cromo. Finalmente, se comparan dos métodos para la determinación de etanol en fase acuosa en muestras fortificadas de gasolinas y diésel: a) un procedimiento en batch con detección potenciométrica mediante retrovaloración del exceso de dicromato de potasio con sulfato ferroso amoniacal, y b) un procedimiento en continuo por inyección en flujo con detección espectrofotométrica. Se observa que sin bien ambas metodologías arrojan resultados estadísticamente equivalentes, el método en continuo ofrece mayores ventajas por alinearse a los Principios de la Química Analítica Verde.
EVALUATING GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT MAINSTREAMING WITHIN PROVINCIAL LOCAL GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Get PDFMainstreaming Gender and Development (GAD) is vital to inclusive and responsive governance, requiring the integration of gender perspectives into local government systems, policies, and programs. This study assessed the extent of GAD mainstreaming within provincial local governance structures in the Philippines, specifically in the Province of Negros Occidental. Using five key institutional mechanisms (Focal Point System, Database, Planning and Budgeting, Development Plans, and Monitoring and Evaluation) the research employed a descriptive-quantitative design involving 369 respondents from 31 local government units (LGUs). A validated survey instrument based on national guidelines was utilized to gather data, which was analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests to examine variations across districts and respondent types. Results revealed a generally high level of GAD mainstreaming across four institutional mechanisms, with mean scores indicating strong engagement in focal person systems, planning and budgeting, development plans, and monitoring and evaluation. However, the database mechanism was rated only at a moderate extent (M = 3.44, SD = 0.92), underscoring persistent limitations in gender-disaggregated data management and utilization. These findings suggest that while significant strides have been made in institutionalizing gender-responsive practices locally, critical gaps remain, particularly in data infrastructure and technical capacity. For example, LGUs often lack standardized gender-disaggregated data systems, limiting their ability to prioritize gender issues in planning and budgeting. This study contributes to the discourse on gender equity in governance by providing empirical evidence on the status, strengths, and challenges of GAD mainstreaming in LGUs, thereby informing targeted training modules (e.g., gender-sensitive budgeting workshops and training on database management systems) and policy refinement
LEGAL AWARENESS OF RIGHTS IN PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL CONTRACTS: AN APPLIED STUDY ON JORDANIAN PLAYERS
Get PDFThis research aims to assess the level of legal consciousness of Jordanian professional football players who have played in their official football leagues about their rights and liabilities linked with a professional contract. This research is driven by major categories such as knowledge on rights from the contract, knowledge on contract termination and dispute resolution, awareness of legal counsel and contractual fairness perception. A special c questionnaire with four domains and fifteen items was formulated using the related literature and validated by experts. In total, 120 players were surveyed and statistical analyses such as descriptive statistics, One-Way ANOVA and independent samples t-tests were employed to determine the differences in legal awareness according to years of professional experience and previous professional experience abroad. Results show that there is a low level of awareness of the law in general terms, although more experienced players and those who have competed professionally outside Jordan are significantly higher. These findings emphasize the importance of legal education and institutional support for improving players’ knowledge about contractual rights and protective mechanisms. The paper suggests some practical strategies for players, clubs and governing bodies to increase legal literacy and protect the interests of the players.Este estudo investiga o nível de conscientização jurídica entre jogadores profissionais de futebol na Jordânia em relação aos seus direitos e obrigações nos contratos profissionais. A pesquisa foca em quatro domínios principais: conhecimento dos direitos contratuais, conhecimento sobre rescisão de contrato e resolução de disputas, consciência sobre representação legal e percepção da justiça contratual. Um questionário composto por quatro domínios e quinze itens foi desenvolvido com base na literatura relevante e validado por um painel de especialistas. Os dados foram coletados de 120 jogadores, e análises estatísticas, incluindo estatísticas descritivas, ANOVA unidirecional e testes t independentes, foram realizadas para examinar diferenças na conscientização jurídica com base nos anos de experiência profissional e na experiência profissional anterior no exterior. Os resultados indicam uma conscientização jurídica geralmente baixa em todos os domínios, com maior percepção entre jogadores mais experientes e aqueles que jogaram profissionalmente fora da Jordânia. Esses resultados destacam a necessidade de programas de educação jurídica direcionados e apoio institucional para aprimorar o conhecimento dos jogadores sobre direitos contratuais e mecanismos de proteção. O estudo fornece recomendações práticas para jogadores, clubes e órgãos reguladores a fim de melhorar a alfabetização jurídica e proteger os interesses dos atletas
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN TURKIYE ON MAY 14, 2023 MALATYA
Get PDFThere have been 22 presidential elections in Turkiye. The 2023 presidential elections are a historic moment in Turkish political life. Issues such as the election going to a second round, the decisive role of coalition politics, and the diversification of voter behavior have made the election significant. The 2023 presidential elections in Turkiye differed from previous presidential elections. Turkish citizens and voters participated in the 22nd presidential election in the history of the Republic and elected Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the current 12th President. In the second round held on May 28, 2023, Erdogan received 52.18% of the vote and won the election, while Kilicdaroglu received 47.82%. In this study, a mixed research method was preferred by using both qualitative and quantitative research methods together. The transfer of election results with numerical data shows that it is largely quantitative. In addition, the interpretation and description of the existing results in tables shows that it is qualitative. Secondary data analysis was used as the data collection technique. New tables and graphs were created by analyzing the actual data from official administrations. This made it possible to look at the election results from different angles using data obtained from reliable sources
THE IMPACT OF SUFIS ON ACTIVATING THE JIHAD MOVEMENT AGAINST THE CRUSADERS DURING THE ERA OF SALADIN
Get PDFThe concept of Sufism has been the subject of varying opinions, with diverse perspectives on its origins and historical development. Despite the criticisms leveled against Sufism by some scholars, its significant role in confronting external threats and calling Muslims to jihad cannot be denied. This study highlights the importance of Salah al-Din\u27s engagement with Sufis and their role in encouraging people to resist the Crusaders. It also sheds light on Salah al-Din\u27s notable efforts to support Sufis by establishing institutions for their benefit. The research begins by defining Sufism, exploring its early spread within Islamic civilization, examining the origins of the concept, and analyzing the reasons behind the Sufis’ inclination towards seclusion. It further investigates their preference for residing in ribats (fortified structures on the frontiers established to protect Muslim borders) and the ways rulers, particularly during the Ayyubid era, utilized their influence. Additionally, the study examines prominent Sufi figures during Salah al-Din\u27s time and discusses key Sufi institutions of the period, such as the Salahiyya Khanqah and the Khanqah of Sa\u27id al-Sa\u27da. The research concludes by presenting key findings, including Salah al-Din\u27s strategic use of Sufis to confront the Crusader threat and their critical contribution to the spiritual preparation of Muslims, culminating in the liberation of Jerusalem
THE EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS, FLOW EXPERIENCE AND TRANSCENDENTAL EXPERIENCE ON SATISFACTION IN YOGA TOURISM
Get PDFYoga tourism is gaining popularity among individuals worldwide who are increasingly prioritizing well-being. Yoga retreat centers serving this purpose offer participants a holistic experience with wellness programs that include yoga, meditation, and breathing practices. This study examines the impact of participants\u27 mindfulness on satisfaction during yoga retreats. It also examines the indirect impact of mindfulness on satisfaction through flow and transcendence experiences. The study utilizes structural equation modeling for data analysis. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from yoga tourists. Data were collected from 293 individuals who voluntarily attended various yoga retreat centers in Akyaka, Turkey. The findings indicate that mindfulness has a direct positive impact on both experience satisfaction and life satisfaction. Furthermore, mindfulness indirectly contributes to these outcomes through its influence on flow and transcendence experiences. These results highlight the potential benefits of systematically incorporating mindfulness-based and flow-inducing practices into yoga tourism programs to enhance participant satisfaction and long-term well-being. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature by extending the conceptualization of customer satisfaction within the context of yoga tourism, integrating the constructs of mindfulness, flow, and transcendence experience. Practically, the findings offer valuable insights for yoga retreat centers, wellness facilities, and destination managers aiming to improve tourist satisfaction and overall experience quality
LEARNING MANAGEMENT THROUGH "SCAFFOLDING" TECHNIQUE TO FOSTER CREATIVITY OF DIPLOMA STUDENTS, DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT, SONGKHLA COMMUNITY COLLEGE, THAILAND
Get PDFThis research purposes evaluate the creativity through learning management of “Scaffolding” Technique with the Diploma students in Branch of Management, Songkhla Community College. To foster creative thinking by employing "Scaffolding" Technique to the Diploma students. The target group in this research was 25 first year students in Branch of Management in Songkhla Community College, who registered for a Basic Business course. The student samples were obtained through a purposive sampling method because only one basic business course in Branch of Management was offered due to the requirement of the Institute of Community College. The result of the research can be concluded that the comparison of the creativity evaluation of the diploma student samples on the Business Model Canvas (BMC) by using the evaluation criteria based on the theory of creative thinking of the Guilford’s is 70% significantly higher than the preset criterion at .01