Veredas do Direito (Journal)
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ACESSO À JUSTIÇA NA CESSÃO DE PRECATÓRIOS
No full textO artigo examina o acesso à justiça em sua dimensão material, relacionada à dignidade humana, e aplica esse enfoque à cessão de créditos de precatórios. Com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e análise normativa e principiológica do Código Civil, com ênfase nos arts. 421 e 422, discute-se como desigualdade econômica e assimetria informacional podem comprometer a fruição efetiva de um direito já reconhecido, especialmente quando a cessão é praticada por preço fixo com deságio elevado sem explicitação do horizonte temporal considerado. Sustenta-se que a opacidade na formação do preço pode intensificar desequilíbrios e aproximar o negócio de hipóteses de lesão, abuso de direito e enriquecimento sem causa, sobretudo quando o pagamento ocorre em prazo inferior ao implicitamente embutido na precificação. A partir de exemplo hipotético de faixas temporais, propõe-se como critério mínimo de transparência e equidade a inclusão de tabela de escalonamento do preço, ou fórmula equivalente, proporcional ao tempo de espera e ao risco. O argumento é reforçado pelo Enunciado 79 pré-aprovado no I Congresso do STJ, como parâmetro persuasivo de controle. Conclui-se que a medida qualifica a contratação e contribui para o acesso material à justiça, preservada a autonomia privada
DIREITO À SAÚDE, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE (SUS): DESAFIOS PARA A UNIVERSALIZAÇÃO DO CUIDADO
No full textEsta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os desafios para a universalização do cuidado no âmbito do direito à saúde, com foco nas políticas públicas e na organização do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura com base no protocolo PRISMA, a partir de buscas nas bases SciELO, Scopus, DOAJ e Google Acadêmico, utilizando palavras-chave combinadas por operadores booleanos, adotando como critérios de inclusão artigos brasileiros, em língua portuguesa, gratuitos, disponíveis na íntegra e publicados entre 2023 e 2024, sendo excluídos duplicatas, teses, dissertações, resumos e publicações que não atendiam à temática proposta; os dados selecionados foram organizados e analisados por meio do software NVivo (CAQDAS), permitindo a codificação e categorização temática. Os resultados evidenciaram que, embora o direito à saúde esteja constitucionalmente assegurado, persistem desafios estruturais relacionados ao subfinanciamento, à judicialização, às desigualdades regionais e sociais, à fragilidade da atenção primária e à necessidade de maior articulação interfederativa, demonstrando que a universalização do cuidado exige fortalecimento da gestão, financiamento adequado e políticas públicas integradas para garantir efetividade e equidade no acesso aos serviços de saúde
THE RESULTS OF DETERMINING THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF POWDERY MILDEW IN CUCUMBER CULTIVATION UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS IN MONGOLIA
No full textPowdery mildew is one of the most destructive diseases affecting greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production in Mongolia, causing significant yield losses and increased management costs. The present study aimed to identify the causal agent of cucumber powdery mildew using morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Cucumber leaf samples exhibiting typical powdery mildew symptoms were collected from greenhouse production systems in five climatically distinct regions of Mongolia.
Morphological examination revealed abundant mycelia and conidiophores bearing chains of ovoid to ellipsoid–ovoid conidia. Fibrosin bodies were consistently observed within conidia from all samples, indicating characteristics typical of Podosphaera xanthii. Molecular identification was performed using PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region with universal and species-specific primers. PCR results confirmed the presence of powdery mildew fungi, and species-specific amplification identified P. xanthii as the predominant pathogen in three of the five sampled regions.
Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences, conducted using the Maximum Likelihood method, demonstrated that the Mongolian isolates clustered within the Podosphaera xanthii clade together with reference sequences retrieved from GenBank. DNA sequences of representative isolates were deposited in the NCBI GenBank database under accession numbers MW939431, MW939432, and MW939433.
This study provides the first comprehensive morphological and molecular characterization of cucumber powdery mildew pathogens in Mongolia and confirms Podosphaera xanthii as the primary causal agent under greenhouse conditions. The findings contribute valuable baseline information for the development of effective disease management strategies and future epidemiological studies
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES (IOT/AI) ON WORKPLACE SAFETY IN SAUDI INDUSTRIES
No full textBackground: The energy, petrochemical, construction, mining, and logistics industries in Saudi Arabia are considered high-hazard industries. The implementation of digital technology, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), computer vision, artificial intelligence (AI), and other digital technologies, presents a tremendous opportunity to change the paradigm in safety management from reactive to proactive. Objective: The purpose of this review is to synthesize the available literature on the implementation of IoT/AI-based technology, the impact on safety outcomes, the impact on the safety management process, the implementation framework, and guidelines on how the results should be reported and evaluated. Methodology: The methodology used in this review is based on the PRISMA protocol. The literature review focuses on published articles from 2020 to 2025 on the implementation of IoT, computer vision, AI, machine learning (ML), Safety 4.0, Industry 4.0, augmented/virtual reality, digital twin-based decision support systems (DSS), and their impact on the safety outcomes and the safety management process. Results: The results indicate that IoT/AI-based technology implementation has the potential to impact the safety outcomes as well as the safety management process. Real-time monitoring of the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) by computer vision technology is considered useful. Industry 4.0/Safety 4.0 implementation has the potential to change the paradigm in the safety management process. The implementation of wearable sensing technology is considered useful in the safety management process
INTEGRATING DIGITAL SMART CONTROL INTO PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE GOVERNANCE
No full textThis study develops practical recommendations for implementing SMART Control in the financial and budgetary sphere of the Russian Federation as a subsystem of the Electronic Budget State Integrated Information System (SIIS). The goal is to enhance transparency, accountability, and efficiency in public finance management by integrating preventive, data-driven oversight tools based on advanced digital technologies. The research applies a systems approach combining regulatory analysis, process mapping, and technology integration assessment. It considers international best practices, legislative requirements, and the operational needs of public finance institutions. The study proposes seven key recommendations for SMART Control implementation, including standardized electronic documentation, legal framework development, risk mapping, and the use of the digital ruble for targeted budget monitoring. The model enables real-time interaction between control bodies and budget participants, reduces duplication of processes, and increases data reliability. Anticipated benefits include improved detection of irregularities, reduced financial risks, and optimized interdepartmental coordination. SMART Control represents a transformative approach to internal state financial oversight, shifting from follow-up to preventive control. Its integration into public finance management can strengthen fiscal discipline, improve resource allocation, and foster sustainable governance
IMPACT OF HOUSING AFFORDABILITY ON SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
No full textThis study evaluates housing affordability across the regions of the Russian Federation as a key indicator of state housing policy effectiveness and its implications for social sustainability and demographic development. The research focuses on identifying regions with the highest and lowest affordability levels, analyzing the influence of developer markups, and assessing affordability trends in primary and secondary housing markets. A quantitative approach was applied to calculate the Housing Affordability Index (HAI) for a single-person household based on the federal standard of 33 m² living space. The analysis used official data from the Federal State Statistics Service and the Unified Information System of Housing Construction for 2019–2023. In 2023, the average time required for a single individual to purchase a home was 6.5 years in the primary market and 4.5 years in the secondary market, assuming subsistence-level spending. Affordability declined in most regions, with the sharpest decreases in high-demand areas such as Moscow, Sevastopol, and resort regions. Developer markups increased significantly, averaging 49% in 2023 compared to one-third in 2019, with over 47 regions exceeding the 50% threshold. Only a minority of regions showed improved affordability, primarily due to wage growth outpacing housing price increases. Housing affordability in Russia remains low, with significant regional disparities and rising developer markups contributing to limited access, especially for young people. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted housing policies that address affordability gaps, control excessive markups, and align housing supply with income growth. Improving affordability is essential for enhancing social stability, encouraging family formation, and supporting demographic sustainability
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN LINGUISTICS: MODELING UNIVERSAL PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE COMMUNICATION
No full textObjective: this study examines how artificial intelligence (AI) can be combined with empirical linguistic data to develop models of universal phonological and orthographic systems. The broader aim is to contribute to more sustainable and inclusive tools for cross-linguistic communication. The work focuses on a central challenge in contemporary linguistics: the lack of reproducible AI-driven methods that link computational modeling with theoretical analysis and that ensure fair and accessible use of digital language technologies. Method: A mixed-method framework has been adopted, in which corpus-driven linguistic analysis has been integrated with neural-network modeling. The empirical data have been drawn from two open-access resources: PHOIBLE (Phonetics Information Base and Lexicon) and the r12a database (r12a.github.io). After standardization and tokenization, the datasets have been processed using Python-based AI modules to extract frequency distributions, identify clusters and detect structural patterns. The analytical workflow has followed a clear, reproducible sequence of steps informed by PRISMA principles, ensuring transparency and methodological rigor. Originality/Relevance: the paper brings together corpus linguistics, interlinguistics and artificial intelligence to propose a data-driven approach for identifying shared phonological and orthographic patterns across languages. By combining extensive linguistic datasets with computational techniques, the study demonstrates the potential of AI to support the creation of sustainable knowledge infrastructures and to promote more inclusive forms of digital communication — domains that are becoming central to innovation and strategic growth in the humanities. Main conclusions: the analysis revealed a relatively small set of phonemes and grapheme correspondences that recur across a wide range of the world’s languages. These results offer empirical support for developing streamlined, accessible alphabetic systems and for designing universal auxiliary language models. The study further shows that AI-supported modeling can improve linguistic inclusivity and analytical precision, especially in low-resource and multilingual settings, while still relying on the interpretive judgement of human specialists. Theoretical/methodological contributions: the research contributes to interlinguistics by bringing together the concept of language universals and contemporary AI techniques. It outlines a reproducible pathway for connecting empirical linguistic data with computational tools and theoretical interpretation. In doing so, the study supports the sustainable development of language technologies and enriches our understanding of how human expertise and artificial intelligence can work together to strengthen global communication. Practical implications: identifying a universal phoneme core and stable sound-script correspondences can streamline multilingual analytical workflows, lessen structural biases toward non-Latin scripts and lower the overall costs of integrating low-resource languages into sustainable and reproducible knowledge systems
ENSEÑANZA ACTIVA DE LA FILOSOFÍA EN LA ERA DIGITAL: POTENCIAL DE GENIALLY PARA DESARROLLAR COMPETENCIAS CRÍTICAS
No full textEste artículo analiza el potencial de Genially como herramienta de gamificación para la enseñanza de la Filosofía en el contexto educativo ecuatoriano. Mediante una metodología teórico-documental, examina cómo esta plataforma digital puede transformar el aprendizaje de contenidos tradicionalmente teóricos mediante la integración de elementos interactivos como scape rooms, desafíos y recursos multimedia. El estudio identifica las características clave de Genially—accesibilidad, interactividad y versatilidad—como soluciones a desafíos históricos en la educación filosófica, incluida la desmotivación estudiantil y las barreras de abstracción. Los resultados demuestran que las estrategias gamificadas fomentan el pensamiento crítico, la resolución colaborativa de problemas y el razonamiento ético, alineándose con los objetivos del currículo nacional ecuatoriano. Sin embargo, su implementación enfrenta obstáculos como la brecha digital y la insuficiente formación docente. El artículo concluye que Genially, fundamentado pedagógicamente, revitaliza la educación filosófica al vincular el rigor teórico con los estilos de aprendizaje digitales, ofreciendo orientaciones prácticas para educadores e instituciones
CHANGES IN THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF SLOVAKIA AND THEIR IMPACTS
No full textThe paper is aimed at the presentation of the evaluation of the changes slovak agricultural landscape in the process of transformation. It focuses on the assessment of the main driving forces of changes as well as on the assessment of the environmental impacts of these changes. It presents integrated approach to the evaluation of agricultural landscape. The integrated approach is based on the understanding landscape as geosystem. The basic goal of the evaluation was specification of the present problems of the agricultural landscape associated with the transformation process and proposal for their elimination.  
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NA ERA ALGORÍTMICA: IMPACTOS DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E DA REALIDADE IMERSIVA NA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
No full textObjetivo: mapear as aplicações da inteligência artificial (IA) e das tecnologias digitais imersivas no ensino superior em saúde. Método: revisão de escopo conduzida conforme o Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e o checklist PRISMA-ScR. As buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais entre 2020 e 2025, incluindo estudos que abordavam o uso de IA e tecnologias imersivas nos processos formativos da graduação, pós-graduação e educação permanente em saúde. Resultados: foram incluídos 34 estudos, que evidenciaram múltiplas aplicações educacionais, tais como aprendizagem personalizada mediada por tutores inteligentes, simulação clínica segura por meio de realidade virtual e aumentada, padronização de avaliações e oferta de feedback imediato ao estudante. As tecnologias analisadas envolveram IA generativa, sistemas adaptativos, ambientes imersivos e ferramentas de análise de desempenho. Entre os principais desafios identificados, destacaram-se a heterogeneidade metodológica, a escassez de estudos robustos, a ausência de avaliações longitudinais, as barreiras de infraestrutura, os custos de implementação, a necessidade de capacitação docente e os dilemas éticos relacionados à privacidade, integridade acadêmica e equidade. Conclusão: a IA e as tecnologias imersivas apresentam elevado potencial transformador para a formação em saúde, ao ampliar a personalização da aprendizagem, qualificar processos avaliativos e fortalecer práticas pedagógicas inovadoras. Contudo, sua adoção sustentável requer políticas institucionais consistentes, marcos éticos claros, investimentos em infraestrutura e estudos metodologicamente mais robustos que avaliem impacto em longo prazo